In-building power lines as high-speed communication channels
... buildings are No. 14, 12 and 10 AWG [19]. Our later results show that the the channel transfer function is relatively insensitive to the wire gauge. Number of outlets per branch: According to the NEC, the total load on a typical branch circuit must not exceed 80% of the circuit current-carrying capa ...
... buildings are No. 14, 12 and 10 AWG [19]. Our later results show that the the channel transfer function is relatively insensitive to the wire gauge. Number of outlets per branch: According to the NEC, the total load on a typical branch circuit must not exceed 80% of the circuit current-carrying capa ...
EMI / EMC
... Since noise is a high frequency phenomenon, and the impedance is minute at high frequencies, the capacitor will channel the noise directly to ground, eliminating it from the circuit. At lower desired frequencies the capacitor appears as an open circuit and the desired frequencies are allowed to pa ...
... Since noise is a high frequency phenomenon, and the impedance is minute at high frequencies, the capacitor will channel the noise directly to ground, eliminating it from the circuit. At lower desired frequencies the capacitor appears as an open circuit and the desired frequencies are allowed to pa ...
Toronto Hydro - Electric System
... Toronto Hydro has the right to witness the commissioning and testing of the connection of generation facilities greater than 10kW to its distribution system. The Customer shall notify Toronto Hydro no later than fifteen working days prior to scheduled commissioning tests to enable Toronto Hydro to w ...
... Toronto Hydro has the right to witness the commissioning and testing of the connection of generation facilities greater than 10kW to its distribution system. The Customer shall notify Toronto Hydro no later than fifteen working days prior to scheduled commissioning tests to enable Toronto Hydro to w ...
Answers to SPARKS Magazine – May Issue 2015
... electrical circuits. After checking that isolation can be made it is essential that the supply cannot inadvertently be reinstated. A padlock or suitable locking device can be used for this purpose. Caution notices will also be required at the point(s) of isolation. In the event that more than one pe ...
... electrical circuits. After checking that isolation can be made it is essential that the supply cannot inadvertently be reinstated. A padlock or suitable locking device can be used for this purpose. Caution notices will also be required at the point(s) of isolation. In the event that more than one pe ...
Intersatellite Optical Heterodyne Communication Systems
... Fig. 2 - Aperture diameter required for a variety of proposed crosslink technologies. The superiority of optical systems at high data rates is evident. ...
... Fig. 2 - Aperture diameter required for a variety of proposed crosslink technologies. The superiority of optical systems at high data rates is evident. ...
AN-1511 Cable Discharge Event Application Report
... A test jig along with a CDE CAT5 cable plant test and validate the CDE design (Figure 6). The test jig contains relays and switching circuitry. By using a high voltage generator (Hi-Pot tester), CAT5 cable is charged up with high voltage reference to the chassis ground. The relay switches the charge ...
... A test jig along with a CDE CAT5 cable plant test and validate the CDE design (Figure 6). The test jig contains relays and switching circuitry. By using a high voltage generator (Hi-Pot tester), CAT5 cable is charged up with high voltage reference to the chassis ground. The relay switches the charge ...
Aalborg Universitet Study of High Voltage AC Underground Cable Systems
... what results in a larger production of reactive power by the line and reduction of transmitted active power. Other consequences are an increase of power losses and a raise of the voltage in the receiving end. To compensate the generated reactive power are usually installed shunt reactors, which due ...
... what results in a larger production of reactive power by the line and reduction of transmitted active power. Other consequences are an increase of power losses and a raise of the voltage in the receiving end. To compensate the generated reactive power are usually installed shunt reactors, which due ...
PacketShaper Quick Start Guide
... Rack Mount Considerations When operating the unit in an equipment rack, ensure that: • The ambient temperature around the unit (which may be higher than the room temperature) is within the limit specified for the unit. • There is sufficient airflow around the unit. • Electrical circuits are not ove ...
... Rack Mount Considerations When operating the unit in an equipment rack, ensure that: • The ambient temperature around the unit (which may be higher than the room temperature) is within the limit specified for the unit. • There is sufficient airflow around the unit. • Electrical circuits are not ove ...
section 16450 - electrical wiring
... SUPPORT: Provide adequate and sturdy support for all parts of raceway system. Conduit concealed in walls or slabs may be supported with wire hangers, provided they are of heavy gage and spaced to give adequate strength. Exposed conduit must be supported with materials specifically made for this purp ...
... SUPPORT: Provide adequate and sturdy support for all parts of raceway system. Conduit concealed in walls or slabs may be supported with wire hangers, provided they are of heavy gage and spaced to give adequate strength. Exposed conduit must be supported with materials specifically made for this purp ...
HTRI-S-D-R - Fire Alarm Resources
... 1. There can be any number of normally closed or normally open switches. 2. The end of line resistor must be located at the last switch. 3. Do not wire a normally closed switch across the end of line resistor. 4. Only for use with security and status applications. 5. Do not use N.O. switches for sec ...
... 1. There can be any number of normally closed or normally open switches. 2. The end of line resistor must be located at the last switch. 3. Do not wire a normally closed switch across the end of line resistor. 4. Only for use with security and status applications. 5. Do not use N.O. switches for sec ...
Transformer Basics
... – “backflashes” - rise in the 500-2000KV per u-second range and 10-20 u-sec tail (cfo of line - positive polarity waves) – Direct strokes to phase wires (cfo due to negative polarity waves) slightly slower rise and longer tail than backflash BIL: Basic Impulse Level is the electrical strength of ins ...
... – “backflashes” - rise in the 500-2000KV per u-second range and 10-20 u-sec tail (cfo of line - positive polarity waves) – Direct strokes to phase wires (cfo due to negative polarity waves) slightly slower rise and longer tail than backflash BIL: Basic Impulse Level is the electrical strength of ins ...
Electromagnets v2.0
... Give each student a variety iron nails and other shaped metal objects and 20" copper wire, and tell them make their own electromagnet. The aim is to make the strongest electromagnet that will hold the most paper clips. When the participants have finished their design of and electromagnet, have them ...
... Give each student a variety iron nails and other shaped metal objects and 20" copper wire, and tell them make their own electromagnet. The aim is to make the strongest electromagnet that will hold the most paper clips. When the participants have finished their design of and electromagnet, have them ...
Site Considerations for Equipment Installation, Grounding
... Ground metal enclosures and exposed metal parts of electrical instruments in accordance with OSHA rules and regulations as specified in Design Safety Standards for Electrical Systems, 29 CFR, Part 1910, Subpart S, dated: April 16, 1981 (OSHA rulings are in agreement with the National Electrical Code ...
... Ground metal enclosures and exposed metal parts of electrical instruments in accordance with OSHA rules and regulations as specified in Design Safety Standards for Electrical Systems, 29 CFR, Part 1910, Subpart S, dated: April 16, 1981 (OSHA rulings are in agreement with the National Electrical Code ...
Ground Connections
... ARTECHE Capacitive Couplers for medium voltage power lines used for the transmission of PLC-BPL signals are made up of a silicone module that houses the capacitive part and that provides the necessary electrical insulation, and a polyurethane plastic element which houses the tuning ...
... ARTECHE Capacitive Couplers for medium voltage power lines used for the transmission of PLC-BPL signals are made up of a silicone module that houses the capacitive part and that provides the necessary electrical insulation, and a polyurethane plastic element which houses the tuning ...
2012 42 Spring Wiring Matters
... The Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations 2002 (as amended) permit the distributor to combine neutral and protective functions in a single conductor provided that, in addition to the neutral to Earth connection at the supply transformer, there are one or more other connections with ...
... The Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations 2002 (as amended) permit the distributor to combine neutral and protective functions in a single conductor provided that, in addition to the neutral to Earth connection at the supply transformer, there are one or more other connections with ...
Telecommunications engineering
Telecommunications engineering, or telecom engineering, is an engineering discipline that brings together electrical engineering with computer science to enhance telecommunication systems. The work ranges from basic circuit design to strategic mass developments. A telecommunication engineer is responsible for designing and overseeing the installation of telecommunications equipment and facilities, such as complex electronic switching systems, copper wire telephone facilities, and fiber optics. Telecommunication engineering also overlaps heavily with broadcast engineering.Telecommunication is a diverse field of engineering which is connected to electronics, civil, structural, and electrical engineering. Ultimately, telecom engineers are responsible for providing the method for customers to have telephone and high-speed data services. It helps people who are closely working in political and social fields, as well accounting and project management.Telecom engineers use a variety of equipment and transport media available from a multitude of manufacturers to design the telecom network infrastructure. The most common media used by wired telecommunications companies today are copper wires, coaxial cable, and fiber optics. Telecommunications engineers use their technical expertise to also provide a range of services and engineering solutions revolving around wireless mode of communication and other information transfer, such as wireless telephony services, radio and satellite communications, internet and broadband technologies.Telecom engineers are often expected, as most engineers are, to provide the best solution possible for the lowest cost to the company. Most of the work is carried out on a project basis with tight deadlines and well-defined milestones for the delivery of project objectives. Telecommunication engineers are involved across all aspects of service delivery, from carrying out feasibility exercises and determining connectivity to preparing detailed, technical and operational documentation. This often leads to creative solutions to problems that often would have been designed differently without the budget constraints dictated by modern society. In the earlier days of the telecom industry, massive amounts of cable were placed that were never used or have been replaced by modern technology such as fiber optic cable and digital multiplexing techniques.Telecom engineers are also responsible for overseeing the companies' records of equipment and facility assets. Their work directly impacts assigning appropriate accounting codes for taxes and maintenance purposes, budgeting and overseeing projects.