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major issues for
major issues for

... Instructor: David Cook. Office (HUM 211); [email protected]; office number (713) 348-2440. Prerequisites: None. Requirements: Attendance (any student missing more than three lessons without a medical reason will drop a full letter grade), participation and weekly reading (30%), mid-term (10%), final e ...
The Origins and Spread of Islam
The Origins and Spread of Islam

... 2. Write a summary of the early spread of Islam. Include these events: Muhammad’s death, the caliphs unify Arabia, Ali’s election to the caliphate, the Muslim entry into Spain, and the Battle of Tours. ...
The Fallacies of ISIS Islamic Caliphate: A Brief
The Fallacies of ISIS Islamic Caliphate: A Brief

... The term caliph or khalifah literally means “successor” but it is typically used to refer to an Islamic ruler who oversees the political and religious affairs of an Islamic community. A territory or state ruled by the caliph is known as the caliphate. Islamic history has provided us with rich narrat ...
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Sunnis and Shias: Islam`s ancient schism

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WHY ARE MUSLIMS DIVIDED INTO SECTS
WHY ARE MUSLIMS DIVIDED INTO SECTS

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Role of women as a teacher - Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University

... Methods of the Curriculum • Every country example is unique and cannot be used to generalize or to make certain conclusions about the Islamic education system. Before we move on, it is important to understand the difference between the terms Quranic and Madrassa education. The Quranic school or Mak ...
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Cyclical History: The Political Basis of Islam as a Centripetal and

... The political basis of the religion of Islam can be considered both a centripetal and centrifugal force. The intrinsic connection between religion and the concepts of unity, order, and authority, which had initially transformed the disordered, primitive, underdeveloped Arabian territory into an orde ...
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... about who should lead the Muslim community, or the ummah. This question was settled for a time by agreeing to place power in the hands of men who had been friends of Muhammad’s in his lifetime. They ruled one after the other, and they were known as the “Four Rightly Guided Caliphs.” When the last of ...
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Islam and secularism



The definition and application of secularism, especially the place of religion in society, varies among Muslim countries as it does among European countries and the United States. Secularism is often used to describe the separation of public life and civil/government matters from religious teachings and commandments, or simply the separation of religion and politics. Secularism in Muslim countries is often contrasted with Islamism, and secularists tend to seek to promote secular political and social values as opposed to Islamic ones. Among western scholars and Muslim intellectuals, there are some debates over secularism which include the understanding of political and religious authorities in the Islamic world and the means and degree of application of sharia in legal system of the state.As the concept of secularism varies among secularists in the Muslim world, reactions of Muslim intellectuals to the pressure of secularization also varies. On the one hand, secularism is condemned by some Muslim intellectuals who do not feel that religious influence should be removed from the public sphere. On the other hand, secularism is claimed by others to be compatible with Islam. For example, the quest for secularism has inspired some Muslim scholars who argue that secular government is the best way to observe sharia; ""enforcing [sharia] through coercive power of the state negates its religious nature, because Muslims would be observing the law of the state and not freely performing their religious obligation as Muslims"" says Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im, a professor of law at Emory University and author of Islam and the secular state : negotiating the future of Shariʻa. Moreover, some scholars argue that secular states have existed in the Muslim world since the Middle Ages.Nevertheless, many Muslim-majority countries define themselves as or are regarded as secular, and many of them have a dual system in which Muslims can bring familial and financial disputes to sharia courts. The exact jurisdiction of these courts varies from country to country, but usually includes marriage, divorce, inheritance, and guardianship.
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