 
									
								
									Concerning a New Definition of Non Muslims
									
... had come from Saudi secondary schools, ranged between sixteen and eighteen. They defined the Other as a Kafir or Infidel. For them, the term was not understood etymologically, but culturally and religiously. So, as far as they were concerned, the goal for learning the art of dialogue was restricted ...
                        	... had come from Saudi secondary schools, ranged between sixteen and eighteen. They defined the Other as a Kafir or Infidel. For them, the term was not understood etymologically, but culturally and religiously. So, as far as they were concerned, the goal for learning the art of dialogue was restricted ...
									The Muslim World - Loudoun County Public Schools
									
... These people paid a tax higher than the first group but lower than the next two groups. • The third group included Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians- protected because Muslims shared some of their beliefs. • The fourth group was slaves, none of whom were Muslims. ...
                        	... These people paid a tax higher than the first group but lower than the next two groups. • The third group included Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians- protected because Muslims shared some of their beliefs. • The fourth group was slaves, none of whom were Muslims. ...
									Name - Ms. Sweeney`s Weblog
									
... focusing on overcoming immorality within oneself. It may also be interpreted as a holy war to defend the Muslim community. Sharia = a body of law that includes interpretation of the Quran ...
                        	... focusing on overcoming immorality within oneself. It may also be interpreted as a holy war to defend the Muslim community. Sharia = a body of law that includes interpretation of the Quran ...
									the structure of islamic teaching and misunderstanding
									
... The creed of Islam as stated in the Qur'an and the books of Hadith that contains the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad SAW needs further detailed by qualified person so that the guidance can be used by Muslims. In the history of Islam which has been running for fourteen centuries, the experts who are ...
                        	... The creed of Islam as stated in the Qur'an and the books of Hadith that contains the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad SAW needs further detailed by qualified person so that the guidance can be used by Muslims. In the history of Islam which has been running for fourteen centuries, the experts who are ...
									John L. Esposito Islam is the second largest of the religious
									
... the community. Traditions or reports (Hadith) of the prophet's words and deeds were preserved and written down by the early Muslim community. On the basis of these two sources, the Islamic way of life was developed and expressed comprehensively in the Shari'ah - Islamic law. Shari'ah literally means ...
                        	... the community. Traditions or reports (Hadith) of the prophet's words and deeds were preserved and written down by the early Muslim community. On the basis of these two sources, the Islamic way of life was developed and expressed comprehensively in the Shari'ah - Islamic law. Shari'ah literally means ...
									02 Vocabulary
									
... Arabic language. The Qur’an is the source of guidance in a Muslim’s daily life, and a source of knowledge about God and His creation. Muslims only consider the Qur’an authentic as read and recited in Arabic but translations may express its meaning as an aid to understanding, not as a substitute for ...
                        	... Arabic language. The Qur’an is the source of guidance in a Muslim’s daily life, and a source of knowledge about God and His creation. Muslims only consider the Qur’an authentic as read and recited in Arabic but translations may express its meaning as an aid to understanding, not as a substitute for ...
									1. Possible answer: Around the time of Muhammad`s birth, Makkah
									
... wealthy, and his mother sent him to live with a family of nomads in the desert. He later returned to the city and his mother, before becoming an orphan. In time, Muhammad became a trader who was known for his honesty. When he was 25, a widow named Khadijah proposed marriage. She and Muhammad had sev ...
                        	... wealthy, and his mother sent him to live with a family of nomads in the desert. He later returned to the city and his mother, before becoming an orphan. In time, Muhammad became a trader who was known for his honesty. When he was 25, a widow named Khadijah proposed marriage. She and Muhammad had sev ...
									Document
									
... be on him) started conciliatory role embedded in his nature even before he was commissioned to pronounce Prophethood. Having been brought up and trained under divine supervision, he (peace be on him) showed the best examples of reconciliation process throughout his life in varying circumstances. How ...
                        	... be on him) started conciliatory role embedded in his nature even before he was commissioned to pronounce Prophethood. Having been brought up and trained under divine supervision, he (peace be on him) showed the best examples of reconciliation process throughout his life in varying circumstances. How ...
									Varieties of Islamic Faith revised II
									
... done and then a description of those who repeated this story from the time of the event until the collection was compiled. Some Islamic groups prefer one collection of hadith while others prefer another. The general word in Arabic for “practice” is sunna. Analogy (qiyas). In the first centuries of I ...
                        	... done and then a description of those who repeated this story from the time of the event until the collection was compiled. Some Islamic groups prefer one collection of hadith while others prefer another. The general word in Arabic for “practice” is sunna. Analogy (qiyas). In the first centuries of I ...
									Word
									
... and merciful’. This far-fetched interpretation isolates and decontextualizes a small part of a sentence and of a passage, 9: 1–15, which gives many reasons for the order to fight such polytheists: they continually broke their agreements and aided others against the Muslims, they started hostilities ...
                        	... and merciful’. This far-fetched interpretation isolates and decontextualizes a small part of a sentence and of a passage, 9: 1–15, which gives many reasons for the order to fight such polytheists: they continually broke their agreements and aided others against the Muslims, they started hostilities ...
									The Expansive Realm of Islam
									
... caused him to reject polytheism and affirm his faith in one god who he called ALLAH. ...
                        	... caused him to reject polytheism and affirm his faith in one god who he called ALLAH. ...
									Quiz 6 A
									
... Quiz Chp 13 A 1. The religious split between the Sunni and the Shi’ite Muslims was caused by the a. Different opinions about monotheism. b. Whether or not to accept Christians as “people of the book. c. Whether or not Muhammad was a prophet. d. How to determine who would become caliph. e. Whether or ...
                        	... Quiz Chp 13 A 1. The religious split between the Sunni and the Shi’ite Muslims was caused by the a. Different opinions about monotheism. b. Whether or not to accept Christians as “people of the book. c. Whether or not Muhammad was a prophet. d. How to determine who would become caliph. e. Whether or ...
									View
									
... NOTE: Authoritative Islamic texts are the Qur’an and Hadith. Muslims believe that the Qur’an is the revealed word of Allah (verse numbers differ slightly in different versions). Sura always stands for a chapter in the Qur’an. Islamic belief is that Muhammad is the perfect example to be followed by ...
                        	... NOTE: Authoritative Islamic texts are the Qur’an and Hadith. Muslims believe that the Qur’an is the revealed word of Allah (verse numbers differ slightly in different versions). Sura always stands for a chapter in the Qur’an. Islamic belief is that Muhammad is the perfect example to be followed by ...
									What is Islam? “submission” from the root word in Arabic meaning
									
... God’s final revelation to man . . . series of revelations Muhammad, God’s final prophet, received from the angel Gabriel over the span of 20 yrs Centerpiece and supreme authority of Islamic thought (perfect, inspired) No authoritative translations; only original Arabic language is authoritative (man ...
                        	... God’s final revelation to man . . . series of revelations Muhammad, God’s final prophet, received from the angel Gabriel over the span of 20 yrs Centerpiece and supreme authority of Islamic thought (perfect, inspired) No authoritative translations; only original Arabic language is authoritative (man ...
									The Five Pillars of Worship in Islam
									
... that either group is a legitimate form of Islam and regard members of both groups as heretics — people who have corrupted and abandoned Islamic belief and practice. Druze, Alevis, and `Alawis are small, sectarian groups with unorthodox beliefs and practices that split off from Islam. Druze and Alevi ...
                        	... that either group is a legitimate form of Islam and regard members of both groups as heretics — people who have corrupted and abandoned Islamic belief and practice. Druze, Alevis, and `Alawis are small, sectarian groups with unorthodox beliefs and practices that split off from Islam. Druze and Alevi ...
									Five Pillars of Islam Worksheet
									
... important part of the daily Muslim life. Muslims perform five prayers every day: at dawn, noon, midafternoon, sunset and night. Though a mosque (Muslim holy building)is the place where prayers are usually performed, a Muslims may pray anywhere - inside their home or outside, in schools, workplaces o ...
                        	... important part of the daily Muslim life. Muslims perform five prayers every day: at dawn, noon, midafternoon, sunset and night. Though a mosque (Muslim holy building)is the place where prayers are usually performed, a Muslims may pray anywhere - inside their home or outside, in schools, workplaces o ...
									Islam & Muslim Empire
									
... one survived • 610: on a retreat, an angel who commanded him to speak messages or revelations from Allah, concluded that God had chosen him to be His prophet ...
                        	... one survived • 610: on a retreat, an angel who commanded him to speak messages or revelations from Allah, concluded that God had chosen him to be His prophet ...
									gerakan bhinneka tunggal ika
									
... compassion (rahman), so that this narrative may once again become the dominant understanding of Islam within Indonesia—embraced by the nation’s religious, cultural and political leadership, and an integral part of the worldview held by society at large. By integrating this project with parallel acti ...
                        	... compassion (rahman), so that this narrative may once again become the dominant understanding of Islam within Indonesia—embraced by the nation’s religious, cultural and political leadership, and an integral part of the worldview held by society at large. By integrating this project with parallel acti ...
									The Ethics of ISIS - Command and General Staff College Foundation
									
... Ijtihad. Ijtihad means to struggle or strive intellectually and is used for legal or independent reasoning. This principle originally allowed for the Sunni schools of Islamic Jurisprudence to form and accept one another. But at the beginning of the 10th century Sunni ...
                        	... Ijtihad. Ijtihad means to struggle or strive intellectually and is used for legal or independent reasoning. This principle originally allowed for the Sunni schools of Islamic Jurisprudence to form and accept one another. But at the beginning of the 10th century Sunni ...
									From Arabia to China - Etiwanda E
									
... Ottoman Empire (Turks) – Suleiman I Moguls (India) - Akbar ...
                        	... Ottoman Empire (Turks) – Suleiman I Moguls (India) - Akbar ...
									Slide 1 - Arsip UII
									
... critics of globalization because of its unequal benefits and harms. Do these people also qualify as ‗Muslim Fundamentalists‘? Are all those economists who criticize economics because it ignores ethics and morality also ‗Muslim fundamentalists‘? Professor Kuran uses dissonance between behavior of Musl ...
                        	... critics of globalization because of its unequal benefits and harms. Do these people also qualify as ‗Muslim Fundamentalists‘? Are all those economists who criticize economics because it ignores ethics and morality also ‗Muslim fundamentalists‘? Professor Kuran uses dissonance between behavior of Musl ...
									Islam
									
... • Islam spread in Medina – Muhammad defeated Meccans • Destroyed idols in Kaaba and rededicated to Allah ...
                        	... • Islam spread in Medina – Muhammad defeated Meccans • Destroyed idols in Kaaba and rededicated to Allah ...
									Key Facts About Islam
									
... died. He was then raised by his grandfather for a short period of time, and then his uncle after his grandfather's death. When Muhammad was 25-years old, he successfully led caravans of successful business women – including his eventual wife, Khadija. Over time, Muhammad became withdrawn from societ ...
                        	... died. He was then raised by his grandfather for a short period of time, and then his uncle after his grandfather's death. When Muhammad was 25-years old, he successfully led caravans of successful business women – including his eventual wife, Khadija. Over time, Muhammad became withdrawn from societ ...
									The Rise of Islam WHAP/Napp “Born in 570 to parents eminent in
									
... according to Islamic teachings, by the voice of the angel Gabriel, who instructed him: ‘Recite: In the name of the Lord who created Man of a blood-clot.’ Over the next two decades, according to Islamic theology, God continued to reveal his messages to Muhammad through Gabriel. Muhammad transmitted t ...
                        	... according to Islamic teachings, by the voice of the angel Gabriel, who instructed him: ‘Recite: In the name of the Lord who created Man of a blood-clot.’ Over the next two decades, according to Islamic theology, God continued to reveal his messages to Muhammad through Gabriel. Muhammad transmitted t ...
Sources of sharia
 
                        Various sources of sharia are used by Islamic jurisprudence to elucidate the sharia, the body of Islamic law. The primary sources, accepted universally by all Muslims, are the Qur'an and Sunnah. The Qur'an is the holy scripture of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the direct and unaltered word of God. The Sunnah consists of the religious actions and quotations of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and narrated through his Companions and the Imams (per the beliefs of the Sunni and Shi'ite schools respectively).As Islamic regulations stated in the primary sources do not explicitly deal with every conceivable eventuality, jurisprudence must refer to resources and authentic documents to find the correct course of action. According to Sunni schools of law, secondary sources of Islamic law are consensus, the exact nature of which bears no consensus itself; analogical reason; pure reason; seeking the public interest; juristic discretion; the rulings of the first generation of Muslims; and local customs. Hanafi school frequently relies on analogical deduction and independent reasoning, and Maliki and Hanbali generally use the Hadith instead. Shafi'i school uses Sunnah more than Hanafi and analogy more than two others. Among Shia, Usuli school of Ja'fari jurisprudence uses four sources, which are Qur'an, Sunnah, consensus and the intellect. They use consensus under special conditions and rely on the intellect to find general principles based on the Qur'an and Sunnah, and use the principles of jurisprudence as a methodology to interpret the Qur'an and Sunnah in different circumstances. Akhbari Ja'faris rely more on tradition and reject ijtihad. According to Momen, despite considerable differences in the principles of jurisprudence between Shia and the four Sunni schools of law, there are fewer differences in the practical application of jurisprudence to ritual observances and social transactions.
 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									