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Introduction to Functional Programming
Introduction to Functional Programming

... lambda calculus. It is widely agreed that languages such as Haskell and Miranda are purely functional, while SML and Scheme are not. However, there are some small differences of opinion about the precise technical motivation for this distinction. Scheme and Standard ML are predominantly functional ...
Antiderivatives
Antiderivatives

Functional Programming in CLEAN
Functional Programming in CLEAN

Semantics Directed Program Execution Monitoring
Semantics Directed Program Execution Monitoring

COS220lec52_FP
COS220lec52_FP

... =>( define circlearea ( * pi rad rad ) ) circlearea =>circlearea ...
Semantic Interpretation
Semantic Interpretation

Programming with Miranda
Programming with Miranda

... Benefits of the functional programming style Functional languages are an example of the declarative style of programming, whereby a program gives a description (or “declaration”) of a problem to be solved together with various relationships that hold for it. It is the responsibility of the language ...
User`s Functions in Standard Prolog
User`s Functions in Standard Prolog

... (atoms and numbers), variables, and subterms introduced (after compilation4 ) by variable instantiation are always data terms. This later means that an evaluation step “is only performed at a (compound) subterm which is not part of a substitution (introduced by previous unification operations), but ...
Coding a Lisp Interpreter in Shen: a Case Study
Coding a Lisp Interpreter in Shen: a Case Study

... comparable to the vague intuitive notion of computability that existed prior to Turing's [23] definition of computability in 1936. We cannot prove formally that Turing's account of computability meets our intuitive concept because formal proof begins only when our intuitions have been given shape. H ...
A fully abstract semantics for a higher
A fully abstract semantics for a higher

...  with morphisms and fi j ; f jk  fik . A cocone for such an ωfi j : Xi  X j when i  j such that f ii  diagram is an object X with morphisms f i : Xi  X such that f i j ; f j  fi . A colimit is a cocone fi : Xi  X such that for any other cocone f i : Xi  X  there is a unique f : X  X  su ...
Recursion
Recursion

... The term has a variety of meanings specific to a variety of disciplines ranging from linguistics to logic. The most common application of recursion is in mathematics and computer science, in which it refers to a method of defining functions in which the function being defined is applied within its o ...
Declarative Programming in Escher
Declarative Programming in Escher

View raw file - aaa
View raw file - aaa

... What happens if we apply it to itself? ω ω = (λ x . ( x x )) ω => ω ω => ω ω => ... Evaluation never terminates!  We say (ω ω) doesn’t have a normal form.  To solve this problem, we introduce types. ...
C# is a functional programming language
C# is a functional programming language

... This talk: is it serious competition for ML and Haskell? ◦ (Note: Java 5 has many but not all of the above features) ...
Recursion
Recursion

Lecture Notes
Lecture Notes

... This course is about computing. The notion of computing is much more fundamental than the notion of a computer, because computing can be done even without one. In fact, we have been computing ever since we entered primary school, mainly using pencil and paper. Since then, we have been adding, subtra ...
Programming Language Theory and its Implementation
Programming Language Theory and its Implementation

... Good introductions to the recent developments in verication theory are the books by Gries 26] and Backhouse 3]. The -calculus is a theory of higher-order functions, i.e. functions that take functions as arguments or return functions as results. It has inspired the design of functional programming ...
Chapter 12
Chapter 12

Rational Exponential Expressions and a Conjecture Concerning π
Rational Exponential Expressions and a Conjecture Concerning π

... function.This identitycan be saved if we definethe logarithmfunctionover a cut plane (for example, by restricting0 in (2) to the interval -7 r<0 <7r), but then (1) is lost. Surprisingly,it is not even necessaryto introducecomplexnumbersor multivalued functionsin order to get into insurmountablediffi ...
Example
Example

Types and Programming Languages
Types and Programming Languages

... of x:T.e), and using = instead of is in function definitions, we get a BFL. BFL looks very much like a small subset of Standard ML. Multi-argument functions must be curried. An implementation of a typechecker for BFL can be found on the course web page, together with a commentary. ...
Pragmatic Functional Programming in Dyalog
Pragmatic Functional Programming in Dyalog

Functional programming languages - Part I - Gallium
Functional programming languages - Part I - Gallium

... Elementary reductions can be chained to describe how a term evaluates: Termination: a → a1 → a2 → . . . → v The value v is the result of evaluating a. Divergence: a → a1 → a2 → . . . → an → . . . The sequence of reductions is infinite. Error: a → a1 → a2 → . . . → an 6→ when an is not a value but do ...
Pdf - Text of NPTEL IIT Video Lectures
Pdf - Text of NPTEL IIT Video Lectures

... And choose a interval then, there are; obviously, there are only a finite only a finite numbers of rational finite only finite number of rationals finite number of rationals with denominator denominator less then n naught. Because, they obviously, when this denominator less then n naught, it will gr ...
More on mild continuity
More on mild continuity

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Lambda calculus

Lambda calculus (also written as λ-calculus) is a formal system in mathematical logic for expressing computation based on function abstraction and application using variable binding and substitution. First formulated by Alonzo Church to formalize the concept of effective computability, lambda calculus found early successes in the area of computability theory, such as a negative answer to Hilbert's Entscheidungsproblem. Lambda calculus is a conceptually simple universal model of computation (Turing showed in 1937 that Turing machines equaled the lambda calculus in expressiveness). The name derives from the Greek letter lambda (λ) used to denote binding a variable in a function. The letter itself is arbitrary and has no special meaning. Lambda calculus is taught and used in computer science because of its usefulness in showcasing functional thinking and iterative reduction.Because of the importance of the notion of variable binding and substitution, there is not just one system of lambda calculus, and in particular there are typed and untyped variants. Historically, the most important system was the untyped lambda calculus, in which function application has no restrictions (so the notion of the domain of a function is not built into the system). In the Church–Turing Thesis, the untyped lambda calculus is claimed to be capable of computing all effectively calculable functions. The typed lambda calculus is a variety that restricts function application, so that functions can be applied only if they are capable of accepting the given input's ""type"" of data.Today, the lambda calculus has applications in many different areas in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is still used in the area of computability theory, although Turing machines are also an important model for computation. Lambda calculus has played an important role in the development of the theory of programming languages. Counterparts to lambda calculus in computer science are functional programming languages, which essentially implement the lambda calculus (augmented with some constants and datatypes). Beyond programming languages, the lambda calculus also has many applications in proof theory. A major example of this is the Curry–Howard correspondence, which gives a correspondence between different systems of typed lambda calculus and systems of formal logic.
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