Lecture 1: Understanding the Greenhouse Lecture 1
... All models assessed here, for all the non‐mitigation scenarios considered, project increases in global mean surface air temperature (SAT) continuing over the 21st century driven mainly by increases in anthropogenic surface air temperature (SAT) continuing over the 21st century, driven mainly by inc ...
... All models assessed here, for all the non‐mitigation scenarios considered, project increases in global mean surface air temperature (SAT) continuing over the 21st century driven mainly by increases in anthropogenic surface air temperature (SAT) continuing over the 21st century, driven mainly by inc ...
What do we really know about the Sun
... itself. This concern is associated with the effect of the increasing amount of greenhouse gases, in particular CO2, which is due to human activities related to the burning of fossil fuel. The determination of the natural climate variability is therefore of decisive importance for a credible estimati ...
... itself. This concern is associated with the effect of the increasing amount of greenhouse gases, in particular CO2, which is due to human activities related to the burning of fossil fuel. The determination of the natural climate variability is therefore of decisive importance for a credible estimati ...
SorceMeetingNotes
... Raschke showed discrepancies in GCM’s downward solar flux – embarrassing (Global Climate Modelers – we have only one Sun) Clouds, Radiation, and Climate – largest uncertainty in global climate sensitivity over the next century is CLOUD FEEDBACK – can amplify or dampen global warming Cloud feedback s ...
... Raschke showed discrepancies in GCM’s downward solar flux – embarrassing (Global Climate Modelers – we have only one Sun) Clouds, Radiation, and Climate – largest uncertainty in global climate sensitivity over the next century is CLOUD FEEDBACK – can amplify or dampen global warming Cloud feedback s ...
Assessing climate forcings of the Earth system for the past millennium
... [4] The EBM study by Crowley [2000] reproduced temperature anomalies remarkably well for the past millennium using revised forcings for solar activity, volcanic activity, anthropogenic greenhouse gases and aerosols. The agreement between model and data was reduced before 1400, which seemed to be rel ...
... [4] The EBM study by Crowley [2000] reproduced temperature anomalies remarkably well for the past millennium using revised forcings for solar activity, volcanic activity, anthropogenic greenhouse gases and aerosols. The agreement between model and data was reduced before 1400, which seemed to be rel ...
Chemical forcing of climate - Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling Group
... • Aerosol radiative forcing over polluted continents can more than offset forcing from greenhouse gases • The extent to which this regional radiative forcing translates into regional climate response is not understood ...
... • Aerosol radiative forcing over polluted continents can more than offset forcing from greenhouse gases • The extent to which this regional radiative forcing translates into regional climate response is not understood ...
What causes Earth`s climate and climate change?
... evaporation of water into the atmosphere (water is a GHG and more water vapour would amplify the greenhouse warming) => effect of CO2 is amplified increase in water vapor changes the vertical temperature distribution of the atmosphere close to ground, little effect by vapour because air already ...
... evaporation of water into the atmosphere (water is a GHG and more water vapour would amplify the greenhouse warming) => effect of CO2 is amplified increase in water vapor changes the vertical temperature distribution of the atmosphere close to ground, little effect by vapour because air already ...
Daejeon, UN/ESA/NASA/JAXA Workshop, 20
... corresponding to about 0.3 W/m^2. This value is too small to explain the present observed climate changes (Lean et al., 1995). Much bigger changes during a solar cycle occur in UV radiation (about 10%, which is important in the formation of the ozone layer). High (1996), and Shindell et al. (1999) s ...
... corresponding to about 0.3 W/m^2. This value is too small to explain the present observed climate changes (Lean et al., 1995). Much bigger changes during a solar cycle occur in UV radiation (about 10%, which is important in the formation of the ozone layer). High (1996), and Shindell et al. (1999) s ...
IJRSP 42(6) 391-396
... global temperature anomaly (GTA) curve matches with the 11-year cycle of sunspot number. However, Fig. 2 shows that the long term trend of sunspot number does not match with the long term trend of GTA. In contrast, a decreasing long term trend is seen in this parameter. The slope of the trend line i ...
... global temperature anomaly (GTA) curve matches with the 11-year cycle of sunspot number. However, Fig. 2 shows that the long term trend of sunspot number does not match with the long term trend of GTA. In contrast, a decreasing long term trend is seen in this parameter. The slope of the trend line i ...
The Sun – A Mercurial Star - Max-Planck
... Of course scientists today know the most important solar activity characteristics. Where solar light is vertically incident, around 1,360 watts of power strike one square meter of the Earth’s atmosphere. This value, which is calculated across all wavelengths of light, from ultraviolet to infrared, i ...
... Of course scientists today know the most important solar activity characteristics. Where solar light is vertically incident, around 1,360 watts of power strike one square meter of the Earth’s atmosphere. This value, which is calculated across all wavelengths of light, from ultraviolet to infrared, i ...
world warming
... uncertainties in forcing are large, and it is unclear whether current models can actually account for the observed early 20th century warming if they are forced with realistic solar forcing. There are perhaps ways to resolve this problem, for example, if the multidecadal fluctuations in the global-m ...
... uncertainties in forcing are large, and it is unclear whether current models can actually account for the observed early 20th century warming if they are forced with realistic solar forcing. There are perhaps ways to resolve this problem, for example, if the multidecadal fluctuations in the global-m ...
The sun plays only a very minor role
... solar activity. These effects matter much more in winter when the driver of the jet stream, the equator-to-pole gradient in lower stratospheric temperatures is much greater. Both data and models indicate a “quadrupole pattern” whereby lower solar activity drives lower winter temperatures in central ...
... solar activity. These effects matter much more in winter when the driver of the jet stream, the equator-to-pole gradient in lower stratospheric temperatures is much greater. Both data and models indicate a “quadrupole pattern” whereby lower solar activity drives lower winter temperatures in central ...
PDF
... small, however, and the influence of solar activity on the Earth’s climate remains a controversial topic with many open questions [Lean, 1997; Foukal et al., 2006]. Although their contribution to recent warming is negligible [Lean and Rind, 2008; Lockwood, 2008], there is evidence for contributions ...
... small, however, and the influence of solar activity on the Earth’s climate remains a controversial topic with many open questions [Lean, 1997; Foukal et al., 2006]. Although their contribution to recent warming is negligible [Lean and Rind, 2008; Lockwood, 2008], there is evidence for contributions ...
ÔØ Å ÒÙ× Ö ÔØ - Department of the Geophysical Sciences
... correlations between cooling periods and archeomagnetic jerks were actually put forward by Gallet et al (2005, 2006). We do note that the causal relationship between cosmic ray flux and cloud cover suggested by Marsh and Svensmark (2000) would result in a correlation opposite to the one we find if t ...
... correlations between cooling periods and archeomagnetic jerks were actually put forward by Gallet et al (2005, 2006). We do note that the causal relationship between cosmic ray flux and cloud cover suggested by Marsh and Svensmark (2000) would result in a correlation opposite to the one we find if t ...
AGU - Global Heat Flow Database
... wide transect in the mid-continent of North America. Their results, shown Table 1 and graphically in Fig. 9 above, indicate a century-long warming trend that increases systematically with latitude as predicted by GCM’s. HCN LATITUDE Deg. C (no.) ...
... wide transect in the mid-continent of North America. Their results, shown Table 1 and graphically in Fig. 9 above, indicate a century-long warming trend that increases systematically with latitude as predicted by GCM’s. HCN LATITUDE Deg. C (no.) ...
Detection
... Figure 12.12: (a) Estimates of the “scaling factors” by which we have to multiply the amplitude of several model-simulated signals to reproduce the corresponding changes in the observed record. The vertical bars indicate the 5 to 95% uncertainty range due to internal variability. A range encompassi ...
... Figure 12.12: (a) Estimates of the “scaling factors” by which we have to multiply the amplitude of several model-simulated signals to reproduce the corresponding changes in the observed record. The vertical bars indicate the 5 to 95% uncertainty range due to internal variability. A range encompassi ...
FINAL EXAM: MONDAY MARCH 17 3-6PM
... - Rmin/Rmax = 0.91 (50000 years from now high eccentricity) ...
... - Rmin/Rmax = 0.91 (50000 years from now high eccentricity) ...
Sun-Earth System
... normally visible only in polar regions, were seen as far south as Rome and Hawaii. ...
... normally visible only in polar regions, were seen as far south as Rome and Hawaii. ...
The Medieval Quiet Period - Department of Geosciences
... variations in solar irradiance for at least 300 years. There was no other period in the last 2 millennia with such a low level of perturbations from natural climatic forcing factors. We note that the period of minimal volcanic forcing actually began earlier, following a major low latitude eruption i ...
... variations in solar irradiance for at least 300 years. There was no other period in the last 2 millennia with such a low level of perturbations from natural climatic forcing factors. We note that the period of minimal volcanic forcing actually began earlier, following a major low latitude eruption i ...
Global Temperature Update Through 2012
... Fig. 6. Estimated climate forcings, with uncertainties that vary from small for well-mixed greenhouse gases to large for unmeasured tropsopheric aerosols. Forcings through 2003 (vertical line) are the same as used by Hansen et al. (2007), except the tropospheric aerosol forcing after 1990 is approx ...
... Fig. 6. Estimated climate forcings, with uncertainties that vary from small for well-mixed greenhouse gases to large for unmeasured tropsopheric aerosols. Forcings through 2003 (vertical line) are the same as used by Hansen et al. (2007), except the tropospheric aerosol forcing after 1990 is approx ...
In the temperate climate zones trees form annual growth rings
... climatic conditions from a variety of other natural archives. However, the recorded contemporaneous increase of palynological human impact indicators may indicate that an increased human population density was - partly or only - responsible for increased erosion and soil dust, and therefore increase ...
... climatic conditions from a variety of other natural archives. However, the recorded contemporaneous increase of palynological human impact indicators may indicate that an increased human population density was - partly or only - responsible for increased erosion and soil dust, and therefore increase ...
Saved From the Sun in Worship Week
... of the Max Planck Institute, looked at the quantity of beryllium-10 in Greenland ice cores. Be-10 is created by cosmic rays in the upper atmosphere. When solar activity is high, the sun’s magnetic field stretches far past Earth’s orbit, and deflects incoming cosmic rays (which come from all points i ...
... of the Max Planck Institute, looked at the quantity of beryllium-10 in Greenland ice cores. Be-10 is created by cosmic rays in the upper atmosphere. When solar activity is high, the sun’s magnetic field stretches far past Earth’s orbit, and deflects incoming cosmic rays (which come from all points i ...
05_Energy_I
... Heating of Earth’s surface and lower atmosphere caused by strong absorption and emission of infrared radiation (IR) by certain atmospheric gases • known as greenhouse gases ...
... Heating of Earth’s surface and lower atmosphere caused by strong absorption and emission of infrared radiation (IR) by certain atmospheric gases • known as greenhouse gases ...
Solar and Wind Project
... Dimensions: 2.80" x 2" x 2" Primary Discipline: Kinetic Sculpture Art in Public Places ...
... Dimensions: 2.80" x 2" x 2" Primary Discipline: Kinetic Sculpture Art in Public Places ...
Solar activity and climate
_and_the_Sun's_energy_received_at_the_top_of_Earth's_atmosphere_(red,_bottom)._Solar_energy_has_been_measured_by_satellites_since_1978.gif?width=300)
Solar activity has been a main driver of climate change over geologic time, although its role in the recent warming has not been found to be significant.