Origin of Life (IB)
... 2. Joining of monomers into polymers such as protein and nucleic acids. a. How would this occur without enzymes? b. In experiments, polymerization does occur when solutions of monomers are dropped onto hot sand, clay or rock. ...
... 2. Joining of monomers into polymers such as protein and nucleic acids. a. How would this occur without enzymes? b. In experiments, polymerization does occur when solutions of monomers are dropped onto hot sand, clay or rock. ...
Cell Benchmark Study Guide 2013
... 12) Use the words STORE and RELEASE to complete the sentence: When sugar is broken down in the mitochondrion, a phosphate group is added to ADP to __STORE____ energy as ATP. Then, when the cell ne ...
... 12) Use the words STORE and RELEASE to complete the sentence: When sugar is broken down in the mitochondrion, a phosphate group is added to ADP to __STORE____ energy as ATP. Then, when the cell ne ...
L3 - Bacterial Metabolism v4
... • What happens as temperature increases? • What is the optimum temperature? • What would happen if you put a mesophilic organism in a thermophilic environment? ...
... • What happens as temperature increases? • What is the optimum temperature? • What would happen if you put a mesophilic organism in a thermophilic environment? ...
The Kinetics of Enzyme Catalyzed Reactions
... Catalyze biochemical reactions breaking, forming and rearranging bonds. Specificity Dictated by the enzyme active site. Some active sites allow for multiple substrates. Cofactors/Coenzyme (Non protein group) Vitamin derivatives, metals (minerals) can bind as cosubstrates or remain atta ...
... Catalyze biochemical reactions breaking, forming and rearranging bonds. Specificity Dictated by the enzyme active site. Some active sites allow for multiple substrates. Cofactors/Coenzyme (Non protein group) Vitamin derivatives, metals (minerals) can bind as cosubstrates or remain atta ...
link to lesson 4 , directions of reactions
... Enzymes are biological catalysts. Most enzymes are proteins. Enzymes allow organisms to lower activation energy and shorten the time to attain equilibrium which is essential to life. Kinetic theory helps us understand why some thermodynamically favored reactions take place and others do not. ...
... Enzymes are biological catalysts. Most enzymes are proteins. Enzymes allow organisms to lower activation energy and shorten the time to attain equilibrium which is essential to life. Kinetic theory helps us understand why some thermodynamically favored reactions take place and others do not. ...
Model Description Sheet
... Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are common and hard to treat. There is potential to create synthetic antibiotics based on natural products like enduracidin and mannopeptimycin to fight drug resistant bacteria like MRSA. MppP, an enzyme from Streptomyces wadayamensis, is required for the biosynthesis o ...
... Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are common and hard to treat. There is potential to create synthetic antibiotics based on natural products like enduracidin and mannopeptimycin to fight drug resistant bacteria like MRSA. MppP, an enzyme from Streptomyces wadayamensis, is required for the biosynthesis o ...
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?
... A substance that mimics a substrate and binds to the active site causes competitive ...
... A substance that mimics a substrate and binds to the active site causes competitive ...
5.10-5.15 review - PRISMS Honors biology 2015-2016
... (THERE MAY BE MORE THAN ONE RIGHT ANSWER) ...
... (THERE MAY BE MORE THAN ONE RIGHT ANSWER) ...
Key: Biomolecule Study Guide 1) In animals, excess carbohydrates
... They must fit the molecules that they interact with (Lock and Key) 10) What does it mean to say an enzyme is “denatured”? It has changed its 3-D shape 11) What are 2 ways to denature an enzyme? Change the temperature or pH ...
... They must fit the molecules that they interact with (Lock and Key) 10) What does it mean to say an enzyme is “denatured”? It has changed its 3-D shape 11) What are 2 ways to denature an enzyme? Change the temperature or pH ...
Exam #3 2 Problem 1. (25 points) You study ligand binding to two
... Carbon monoxide, an odorless gas, binds to hemoglobin to form CO-hemoglobin. Crystals of CO-hemoglobin are isomorphous with those of oxyhemoglobin, which suggests that COHb has the same conformation as oxyhemoglobin. Each heme in Hb can bind one CO molecule, but O2 and CO cannot simultaneously bind ...
... Carbon monoxide, an odorless gas, binds to hemoglobin to form CO-hemoglobin. Crystals of CO-hemoglobin are isomorphous with those of oxyhemoglobin, which suggests that COHb has the same conformation as oxyhemoglobin. Each heme in Hb can bind one CO molecule, but O2 and CO cannot simultaneously bind ...
Ch 2-- Matter
... 4. buffers – weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH for maintaining homeostasis a. fluids within most body cells must be kept between 6.5-7.5 III. Carbon Compounds organic chemistry – study of all compounds that contain bonds between ca ...
... 4. buffers – weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH for maintaining homeostasis a. fluids within most body cells must be kept between 6.5-7.5 III. Carbon Compounds organic chemistry – study of all compounds that contain bonds between ca ...
chapter2 questions
... Nitrogen is important in all proteins and nucleic acids. Sulfur is found in many proteins. Calcium is important for nerve impulses and muscle contraction. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of covalent bonds? Covalent bonds can share their electrons equally or unequally. Covalent bonds h ...
... Nitrogen is important in all proteins and nucleic acids. Sulfur is found in many proteins. Calcium is important for nerve impulses and muscle contraction. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of covalent bonds? Covalent bonds can share their electrons equally or unequally. Covalent bonds h ...
Chemical Reactions
... Enzymes An enzyme is a protein that acts as biological catalyst. A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction. Catalysts work by lowering a reaction’s activation energy. In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the reactants are known as substrates. Substrates bind to a part of a ...
... Enzymes An enzyme is a protein that acts as biological catalyst. A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction. Catalysts work by lowering a reaction’s activation energy. In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the reactants are known as substrates. Substrates bind to a part of a ...
How many molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) can be
... in detail a specific example for each of the general strategies you listed that comes from glycolysis or the citric acid cycle. We discussed in class two enzymes with similar names, phosphofructokinase-1 and phosphofructokinase-2. We also discussed two molecules with similar names, fructose 1,6-bisp ...
... in detail a specific example for each of the general strategies you listed that comes from glycolysis or the citric acid cycle. We discussed in class two enzymes with similar names, phosphofructokinase-1 and phosphofructokinase-2. We also discussed two molecules with similar names, fructose 1,6-bisp ...
Document
... • Enzyme activity may change due to inhibitor or activator molecules called effectors. • Inhibitors can be competitive (bind at substrate active site) • Noncompetitive inhibitors and activators bind to allosteric (regulatory) sites; separate from the active site; These effectors change the shape of ...
... • Enzyme activity may change due to inhibitor or activator molecules called effectors. • Inhibitors can be competitive (bind at substrate active site) • Noncompetitive inhibitors and activators bind to allosteric (regulatory) sites; separate from the active site; These effectors change the shape of ...
4 Classes of Large Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids
... Some are enzymes; others play roles in structural support, storage, transport, cellular communications, movement, and defense Enzyme Acts as cellular catalyst: selectively speed up reaction w/o being consumed Substance enzyme attaches to is called a substrate Most important Aspect of Proteins A prot ...
... Some are enzymes; others play roles in structural support, storage, transport, cellular communications, movement, and defense Enzyme Acts as cellular catalyst: selectively speed up reaction w/o being consumed Substance enzyme attaches to is called a substrate Most important Aspect of Proteins A prot ...
exam bullet points
... Chemical reactions occur in solution; Allows transport/secretion/excretion/ dispersal of substances; High specific heat capacity (e.w) so minimises temperature fluctuations: High latent heat of evaporation so cooling effect of sweat/transpiration; Provides internal support eg hydrostatic skeleton/am ...
... Chemical reactions occur in solution; Allows transport/secretion/excretion/ dispersal of substances; High specific heat capacity (e.w) so minimises temperature fluctuations: High latent heat of evaporation so cooling effect of sweat/transpiration; Provides internal support eg hydrostatic skeleton/am ...
α-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase as a tools in the synthesis of complex
... the protein component through either O-glycosidic or N-glycosidic bonds. The N-glycosidic linkage is through the amide group of asparagine. The Oglycosidic linkage is to the hydroxyl of serine, threonine or hydroxylysine. The predominant carbohydrate attachment in glycoproteins of mammalian cells is ...
... the protein component through either O-glycosidic or N-glycosidic bonds. The N-glycosidic linkage is through the amide group of asparagine. The Oglycosidic linkage is to the hydroxyl of serine, threonine or hydroxylysine. The predominant carbohydrate attachment in glycoproteins of mammalian cells is ...
Enzyme
Enzymes /ˈɛnzaɪmz/ are macromolecular biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate, or catalyze, chemical reactions. The molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates and the enzyme converts these into different molecules, called products. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life. The set of enzymes made in a cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell. The study of enzymes is called enzymology.Enzymes are known to catalyze more than 5,000 biochemical reaction types. Most enzymes are proteins, although a few are catalytic RNA molecules. Enzymes' specificity comes from their unique three-dimensional structures.Like all catalysts, enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by lowering its activation energy. Some enzymes can make their conversion of substrate to product occur many millions of times faster. An extreme example is orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase, which allows a reaction that would otherwise take millions of years to occur in milliseconds. Chemically, enzymes are like any catalyst and are not consumed in chemical reactions, nor do they alter the equilibrium of a reaction. Enzymes differ from most other catalysts by being much more specific. Enzyme activity can be affected by other molecules: inhibitors are molecules that decrease enzyme activity, and activators are molecules that increase activity. Many drugs and poisons are enzyme inhibitors. An enzyme's activity decreases markedly outside its optimal temperature and pH.Some enzymes are used commercially, for example, in the synthesis of antibiotics. Some household products use enzymes to speed up chemical reactions: enzymes in biological washing powders break down protein, starch or fat stains on clothes, and enzymes in meat tenderizer break down proteins into smaller molecules, making the meat easier to chew.