![Overview of Aerobic Respiration](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/000598387_1-6358f237afb9424dc24f3a4872df4fc5-300x300.png)
Overview of Aerobic Respiration
... inner and outer membranes. SO A CONCENTRATION GRADIENT- across inner membrane. **an electrical gradient is made too, since protons have a positive chargeee 4)the concentration and electrical gradient of protons drives the ATP synthesis by chemiosmosis(same thing from photosynthesis) sooo as protons ...
... inner and outer membranes. SO A CONCENTRATION GRADIENT- across inner membrane. **an electrical gradient is made too, since protons have a positive chargeee 4)the concentration and electrical gradient of protons drives the ATP synthesis by chemiosmosis(same thing from photosynthesis) sooo as protons ...
Cellular Respiration
... By which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds. 1. Carbohydrates (easiest) 2. Proteins 3. Lipids ...
... By which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds. 1. Carbohydrates (easiest) 2. Proteins 3. Lipids ...
Anaerobic Respiration - University of Indianapolis
... an inorganic molecule other than oxygen (O2) is the final electron acceptor. • For example, some bacteria, called nitrate reducers, can transfer electrons to nitrate (NO3-) reducing it to nitrite (NO2-). • Less efficient: usually 30-34 ATPs per glucose molecule. ...
... an inorganic molecule other than oxygen (O2) is the final electron acceptor. • For example, some bacteria, called nitrate reducers, can transfer electrons to nitrate (NO3-) reducing it to nitrite (NO2-). • Less efficient: usually 30-34 ATPs per glucose molecule. ...
vsepr_lite_oct_2011 - chemistry11crescentsummer
... understand covalent bonding—polar and non-polar be able to draw Lewis structures for simple molecules and polyatomic ions, including molecules with double and triple bonds Introduction The premise of VSEPR theory: In a molecule or polyatomic ion, pairs of valence electrons on the central atom (c ...
... understand covalent bonding—polar and non-polar be able to draw Lewis structures for simple molecules and polyatomic ions, including molecules with double and triple bonds Introduction The premise of VSEPR theory: In a molecule or polyatomic ion, pairs of valence electrons on the central atom (c ...
Cell Energy - Land of Mayo
... Definition-the series of chemical reactions in which glucose is organized and oxygen produced from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll and sunlight* ...
... Definition-the series of chemical reactions in which glucose is organized and oxygen produced from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll and sunlight* ...
3. Metabolism - Professor Monzir Abdel
... Uses molecular oxygen (O2). One atom of oxygen is combined with hydrogen to form water, and the other atom of oxygen is introduced into the substrate molecule. Involves several enzymatic steps. The oxidative system is often known as the “mixed function oxidase” system”. These enzymes are some of ...
... Uses molecular oxygen (O2). One atom of oxygen is combined with hydrogen to form water, and the other atom of oxygen is introduced into the substrate molecule. Involves several enzymatic steps. The oxidative system is often known as the “mixed function oxidase” system”. These enzymes are some of ...
Your views are welcomed upon the theme of
... Teaching chemistry - but ignoring the ‘why’ question? One way of avoiding the question of how to teach about ‘why reactions occur’ to relatively unsophisticated school pupils, is not to teach about this at all. Indeed some teachers have expressed the view that a good deal of the theoretical material ...
... Teaching chemistry - but ignoring the ‘why’ question? One way of avoiding the question of how to teach about ‘why reactions occur’ to relatively unsophisticated school pupils, is not to teach about this at all. Indeed some teachers have expressed the view that a good deal of the theoretical material ...
Cellular Respiration www.AssignmentPoint.com Cellular respiration
... combustion reaction, it clearly does not resemble one when it occurs in a living cell due to slow release of energy from the series of reactions. ...
... combustion reaction, it clearly does not resemble one when it occurs in a living cell due to slow release of energy from the series of reactions. ...
Slide 1
... that fact. Sometimes knowledge of one thing can interfere with knowing something else. That's what happens in this case. People who know that plants give off oxygen often assume that plants must not also take it in. But this assumption is wrong. All living things--plants included-- take in oxygen fr ...
... that fact. Sometimes knowledge of one thing can interfere with knowing something else. That's what happens in this case. People who know that plants give off oxygen often assume that plants must not also take it in. But this assumption is wrong. All living things--plants included-- take in oxygen fr ...
AP BIOLOGY Chapter 8 Metabolism
... proton pump and less H+ are pumped across the membrane. Return of H+ through ATP synthase produces ATP ...
... proton pump and less H+ are pumped across the membrane. Return of H+ through ATP synthase produces ATP ...
formation of chemical bonds. -
... with other atoms. The valence electrons 2. Explain the difference between the only involve in bond formation. valence electrons and the covalency of 5. Explain the formation of sodium an element. chloride and calcium oxide on the A. Valence electrons:The electrons present basis of the concept of ele ...
... with other atoms. The valence electrons 2. Explain the difference between the only involve in bond formation. valence electrons and the covalency of 5. Explain the formation of sodium an element. chloride and calcium oxide on the A. Valence electrons:The electrons present basis of the concept of ele ...
Cellular Respiration notes Cellular respiration is
... 1. Cellular respiration is carried out by every cell in both plants and animals and is essential for daily living. 2. It does not occur at any set time or at the same point in time. In fact, neighboring cells are simultaneously involved in different stages of cellular respiration. 3. Cellular respir ...
... 1. Cellular respiration is carried out by every cell in both plants and animals and is essential for daily living. 2. It does not occur at any set time or at the same point in time. In fact, neighboring cells are simultaneously involved in different stages of cellular respiration. 3. Cellular respir ...
Microbial Metabolism
... Metabolism: Is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body. metabolism is divided into two types of classes: catabolism and anabolism. ...
... Metabolism: Is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body. metabolism is divided into two types of classes: catabolism and anabolism. ...
Cellular Respiration Handout
... The electron transport chain takes place in the inner mitochondrion membrane. The first step is the transfer of high-energy electrons from NADH+H+ to FMN, the first carrier in the chain. In this transfer, a hydride ion H- passes to FMN, which then picks up an additional H+ from the surrounding aqueo ...
... The electron transport chain takes place in the inner mitochondrion membrane. The first step is the transfer of high-energy electrons from NADH+H+ to FMN, the first carrier in the chain. In this transfer, a hydride ion H- passes to FMN, which then picks up an additional H+ from the surrounding aqueo ...
Section 6.1 Summary – pages 141-151
... • Atoms combine with other atoms only when the resulting compound is more stable than the individual atoms. • For many elements, an atom becomes stable when its outermost energy level is full. • Sharing electrons with other atoms is one way for elements to become stable. ...
... • Atoms combine with other atoms only when the resulting compound is more stable than the individual atoms. • For many elements, an atom becomes stable when its outermost energy level is full. • Sharing electrons with other atoms is one way for elements to become stable. ...
Cellular Respiration Review
... What are the number and type of input molecules for glycolysis? What molecule gets reduced during glycolysis? What molecule gets oxidized during glycolysis? What are the number and type of output molecules for glycolysis? How is each output molecule from glycolysis used? What is the net gain of ATP ...
... What are the number and type of input molecules for glycolysis? What molecule gets reduced during glycolysis? What molecule gets oxidized during glycolysis? What are the number and type of output molecules for glycolysis? How is each output molecule from glycolysis used? What is the net gain of ATP ...
Chapter 5—Chemical Reactions
... 5.6—Replacement Reactions • Single-replacement reactions—one element replaces another in a compound. They are always redox reactions because an element turns into an ion and an ion turns into an element • The general form of the equation for a single replacement reaction (also known as substitution ...
... 5.6—Replacement Reactions • Single-replacement reactions—one element replaces another in a compound. They are always redox reactions because an element turns into an ion and an ion turns into an element • The general form of the equation for a single replacement reaction (also known as substitution ...
Homework 3 BSC 1005 Fall 2011
... a. thylakoids. b. cytoplasm. c. grana. d. stroma. 45.Two products of the light-dependent reactions, which become reactants for the lightindependent reactions, are a. ATP and NADP. b. CO2 and H2O. c. O2 and ATP. d. ATP and NADPH2. 46.O2 is a product of the a. light-dependent reactions. b. light-indep ...
... a. thylakoids. b. cytoplasm. c. grana. d. stroma. 45.Two products of the light-dependent reactions, which become reactants for the lightindependent reactions, are a. ATP and NADP. b. CO2 and H2O. c. O2 and ATP. d. ATP and NADPH2. 46.O2 is a product of the a. light-dependent reactions. b. light-indep ...
3.10 Neutralization
... ZnS(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2S(g) ZnS(s) + 2H+ + 2Cl- → Zn2+ + 2Cl- + H2S(g) ⇒ZnS(s) + 2H+ → Zn2+ + H2S(g) – H+ is present in the form of H3O+ ...
... ZnS(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2S(g) ZnS(s) + 2H+ + 2Cl- → Zn2+ + 2Cl- + H2S(g) ⇒ZnS(s) + 2H+ → Zn2+ + H2S(g) – H+ is present in the form of H3O+ ...
Solution
... A compound contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the mass percentages given below. What is its empirical formula? C: 40.0% A.) CHO ...
... A compound contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the mass percentages given below. What is its empirical formula? C: 40.0% A.) CHO ...
Word - chemmybear.com
... Sn° and gases like O2, F2, Cl2 the ions usually form oxidize to the “-ic” ion. Example: 2Fe°(s) + 3Cl2(g) + heat 2FeCl3(s) 2. When you identify an oxidation product, make certain you also have a reduction product. Ex: “Free halogens + dilute OH- hypohalite ions," the halide ions (such as Cl-) as a p ...
... Sn° and gases like O2, F2, Cl2 the ions usually form oxidize to the “-ic” ion. Example: 2Fe°(s) + 3Cl2(g) + heat 2FeCl3(s) 2. When you identify an oxidation product, make certain you also have a reduction product. Ex: “Free halogens + dilute OH- hypohalite ions," the halide ions (such as Cl-) as a p ...
Fundamentals of Biochemistry
... Aldehydes (A is at one end of the alphabet.)(Carbonyl is located on the end of the molecule.) Ketones (K is in the middle of the alphabet.)(Carbonyl is located in the middle of the molecule.) ...
... Aldehydes (A is at one end of the alphabet.)(Carbonyl is located on the end of the molecule.) Ketones (K is in the middle of the alphabet.)(Carbonyl is located in the middle of the molecule.) ...
Krebs cycle - biology.org.uk
... One complete cycle occurs for each pyruvate molecule. Therefore, for every molecule of glucose (since that produces two molecules of pyruvate), there are two turns of the cycle. This means that for one molecule of glucose, two molecules of ATP are produced directly from Krebs cycle; six molecules of ...
... One complete cycle occurs for each pyruvate molecule. Therefore, for every molecule of glucose (since that produces two molecules of pyruvate), there are two turns of the cycle. This means that for one molecule of glucose, two molecules of ATP are produced directly from Krebs cycle; six molecules of ...
Radical (chemistry)
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hydroxyl_radical.png?width=300)
In chemistry, a radical (more precisely, a free radical) is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired valency electrons.With some exceptions, these unpaired electrons make free radicals highly chemically reactive towards other substances, or even towards themselves: their molecules will often spontaneously dimerize or polymerize if they come in contact with each other. Most radicals are reasonably stable only at very low concentrations in inert media or in a vacuum.A notable example of a free radical is the hydroxyl radical (HO•), a molecule that has one unpaired electron on the oxygen atom. Two other examples are triplet oxygen and triplet carbene (:CH2) which have two unpaired electrons. In contrast, the hydroxyl anion (HO−) is not a radical, since the unpaired electron is resolved by the addition of an electron; singlet oxygen and singlet carbene are not radicals as the two electrons are paired.Free radicals may be created in a number of ways, including synthesis with very dilute or rarefied reagents, reactions at very low temperatures, or breakup of larger molecules. The latter can be affected by any process that puts enough energy into the parent molecule, such as ionizing radiation, heat, electrical discharges, electrolysis, and chemical reactions. Indeed, radicals are intermediate stages in many chemical reactions.Free radicals play an important role in combustion, atmospheric chemistry, polymerization, plasma chemistry, biochemistry, and many other chemical processes. In living organisms, the free radicals superoxide and nitric oxide and their reaction products regulate many processes, such as control of vascular tone and thus blood pressure. They also play a key role in the intermediary metabolism of various biological compounds. Such radicals can even be messengers in a process dubbed redox signaling. A radical may be trapped within a solvent cage or be otherwise bound.Until late in the 20th century the word ""radical"" was used in chemistry to indicate any connected group of atoms, such as a methyl group or a carboxyl, whether it was part of a larger molecule or a molecule on its own. The qualifier ""free"" was then needed to specify the unbound case. Following recent nomenclature revisions, a part of a larger molecule is now called a functional group or substituent, and ""radical"" now implies ""free"". However, the old nomenclature may still occur in the literature.