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Oxidative Alihatic Carbon-Carbon Bond Cleavage Reactions
Oxidative Alihatic Carbon-Carbon Bond Cleavage Reactions

... low temperatures and pressures, and using earth-abundant elements as reagents and catalysts. With these points in mind, nature provides an ideal model framework, carrying out its chemistry at ambient temperature and pressure. Enzymes that cleave C-C bonds by a dioxygenolytic pathway have been our fo ...
Enzyme Optimum pH - Sir Sabir Hussain
Enzyme Optimum pH - Sir Sabir Hussain

Pyruvate Oxidation Overview of pyruvate metabolism - Rose
Pyruvate Oxidation Overview of pyruvate metabolism - Rose

... possible for the pyruvate concentration inside the mitochondria to be higher than outside. The energy for the pump comes from a proton gradient, in which the proton concentration outside the mitochondria is higher than it is inside. Many other molecules are present only on one side of the membrane, ...
Research on Hydrogenation of FAME to Fatty Alcohols
Research on Hydrogenation of FAME to Fatty Alcohols

... velocity. Besides, the date in Table 4 and Figure 5 shows that the conversion rate of fatty acid methyl ester was above 99% with the condition of less than 4.0h-1 space velocity. While in terms of purpose products, it was more than 90%, and increased slightly with space velocity increased. Compared ...
Introduction to molecular and cell biology
Introduction to molecular and cell biology

... • there are ‘reliable’ computational methods to find ncRNA coding genes in bacteria • key methods involve: – IGR extraction and filtering – observing sequence conservation in related genomes (BLAST search, ClustalW alignment) – checking for structure conservation and ...
unit 4: chemical reaction rates
unit 4: chemical reaction rates

... Module overview Introduction This module provides an introduction to elementary chemistry as it is applied in the process industry. In Unit 1 the learner is prepared to perform a range of elementary chemical calculations. This includes calculating relative atomic masses, relative formula masses, mas ...
SOLUBILITY RULES FOR IONIC COMPOUNDS IN WATER
SOLUBILITY RULES FOR IONIC COMPOUNDS IN WATER

... (c) If the temperature is raised to 400 K, the N2O from (a) is 25.0% decomposed when equilibrium is reestablished. Calculate the value of the Kc for this decomposition reaction at 400 K. (d) If the temperature is raised to 450 K, the Kc for this decomposition reaction is 2.7 x 10-2 M. How many moles ...
Synthetic Polymers - McQuarrie General Chemistry
Synthetic Polymers - McQuarrie General Chemistry

... University Science Books, ©2011. All rights reserved. www.uscibooks.com ...
In cellulo Evaluation of Phototransformation Quantum - HAL
In cellulo Evaluation of Phototransformation Quantum - HAL

Activity of ribosomes and tmRNA of Streptomyces aureofaciens
Activity of ribosomes and tmRNA of Streptomyces aureofaciens

... producer Streptomyces aureofaciens under temperature shift up and down and possible role of transtranslation system. Tetracycline inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with the binding of aminoacyltRNA to the A-site of ribosome [14]. There are at least two functionally important binding sites fo ...
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K - UCLA Chemistry and Biochemistry
K - UCLA Chemistry and Biochemistry

... (1 ATP, 1 GTP)—these first two reactions are that expensive! ...
Prediction of mitochondrial proteins of malaria parasite
Prediction of mitochondrial proteins of malaria parasite

... protein provides more information than composition of whole protein (Kumar et al. 2006). Based on this observation, methods have been developed using split amino acid composition (Verma et al. 2008). In SAAC, first sequence is divided in parts then composition of each part is computed separately and ...
BIS(CYCLOPENTADIENYL TRANSITION METAL) COMPLEXES
BIS(CYCLOPENTADIENYL TRANSITION METAL) COMPLEXES

... A rearrangement of terminal into bridging sulfide ligands is facilitated by hydrogen or unsaturated organic molecules?*However, the formation of (C,Me,),Mo2(pSHk@-S), is also possible upon insertion of hydrogen into the q2-disulfur bridge of the Mo(IV) isomer A (Scheme 2).12 This observation suggest ...
cluster definition
cluster definition

... another molecule that is found to be closest, regardless of if it is situated inside or outside the simulation box. When a particle is transferred out of the box in any direction, a copy of the particle is transferred into the box from the opposite direction. Ideally, two boxes of the same size are ...
The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions
The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

... how water acts as a solvent. The role a solvent plays in a reaction depends on its chemical nature. Some solvents play a passive role. They disperse the substances into individual molecules but do not interact with them in other ways. Water plays a much more active role. It interacts strongly with t ...
Inhibition of Serine Amidohydrolases by Complexes of Vanadate
Inhibition of Serine Amidohydrolases by Complexes of Vanadate

... that are believed to be structural analogs of the transition state of the normal acyl transfer reactions catalyzed by these enzymes (3–5). Phosphonylation of the ␤-lactamase active site by 1 is much faster than spontaneous phosphonate hydrolysis and therefore the ␤-lactamase active site must have si ...
Living on the edge: substrate competition explains loss of
Living on the edge: substrate competition explains loss of

... Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands Full list of author information is available at the end of the article ...
towards the synthesis of functionalised macrocyclic receptors
towards the synthesis of functionalised macrocyclic receptors

... i. The author of this dissertation (including any appendices and/or schedules to this dissertation) owns any copyright in it (the “Copyright”) and s/he has given The University of Manchester the right to use such Copyright for any administrative, promotional, educational and/or teaching purposes. ii ...
Proteins and their Ligands: Their Importance and how to Crystallize
Proteins and their Ligands: Their Importance and how to Crystallize

... Often the knowledge of the structure of a protein or enzyme without bound ligand(s) is not sufficiently significant since there is no or only little information provided about the catalytic mechanism. To gain further insights, it is important or at least helpful to obtain a binary or ternary structu ...
Vmax Regulation through Domain and Subunit Changes. The Active
Vmax Regulation through Domain and Subunit Changes. The Active

... although it is still solvent exposed; therefore, the catalytic reaction probably involves additional conformational changes. By comparing the inhibited with the uninhibited complex, it is possible to describe changes in conformation that are involved in the inhibitory signal transduction of serine. ...
Unit 5 - Chemical Reactions - Student
Unit 5 - Chemical Reactions - Student

... more different substances. The original substances are called REACTANTS and the resulting substances are called PRODUCTS. According to the Law of CONSERVATION OF MASS, the total mass of the reactants are equal to the total mass of the products. A chemical EQUATION represents with symbols and formula ...
Light-dependent Dl Protein Synthesis and Translocation Is
Light-dependent Dl Protein Synthesis and Translocation Is

... can be separated in time. Recently we have shown (6,12) that in the green unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y-l, degradation of the Dl protein is related to a light-induced modification of RCII. This process can be resolved into (i) a reversible conformational change affecting the binding s ...
2013_BJ_SCFBio_Website
2013_BJ_SCFBio_Website

... *Desired: A sensitivity & specificity of unity (all true genes are predicted with no false positives). While, the above methods have improved over the years and it is remarkable that they perform so well with limited experimental data to train on, more research, new methods transferable across speci ...
Fundamental Challenges in Mechanistic Enzymology: Progress
Fundamental Challenges in Mechanistic Enzymology: Progress

... effect is manifest in binding or catalysis can also depend on what other residues are present.40,41,c In this section, we focus on the enzyme ketosteroid isomerase and its so-called “oxyanion hole”. This and the following sections highlight the need for clearly defined questions and comparisons to mak ...
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Multi-state modeling of biomolecules

Multi-state modeling of biomolecules refers to a series of techniques used to represent and compute the behaviour of biological molecules or complexes that can adopt a large number of possible functional states.Biological signaling systems often rely on complexes of biological macromolecules that can undergo several functionally significant modifications that are mutually compatible. Thus, they can exist in a very large number of functionally different states. Modeling such multi-state systems poses two problems: The problem of how to describe and specify a multi-state system (the ""specification problem"") and the problem of how to use a computer to simulate the progress of the system over time (the ""computation problem""). To address the specification problem, modelers have in recent years moved away from explicit specification of all possible states, and towards rule-based formalisms that allow for implicit model specification, including the κ-calculus, BioNetGen, the Allosteric Network Compiler and others. To tackle the computation problem, they have turned to particle-based methods that have in many cases proved more computationally efficient than population-based methods based on ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, or the Gillespie stochastic simulation algorithm. Given current computing technology, particle-based methods are sometimes the only possible option. Particle-based simulators further fall into two categories: Non-spatial simulators such as StochSim, DYNSTOC, RuleMonkey, and NFSim and spatial simulators, including Meredys, SRSim and MCell. Modelers can thus choose from a variety of tools; the best choice depending on the particular problem. Development of faster and more powerful methods is ongoing, promising the ability to simulate ever more complex signaling processes in the future.
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