The Michaelis-Menten equation
... The Effect Of Activators and Inhibitors on Enzyme activity INHIBITORS:Effects of Inhibitors on Enzyme Activity: Enzyme inhibitors are substances which alter the catalytic action of the enzyme and consequently slow down, or in some cases, stop catalysis. Inhibitors may act combining directly with th ...
... The Effect Of Activators and Inhibitors on Enzyme activity INHIBITORS:Effects of Inhibitors on Enzyme Activity: Enzyme inhibitors are substances which alter the catalytic action of the enzyme and consequently slow down, or in some cases, stop catalysis. Inhibitors may act combining directly with th ...
Gluconeogenesis
... humans. In mammals, some tissues depend almost completely on glucose for their metabolic energy. The human brain alone requires 120 g of glucose each day, more than half of which is stored as glycogen in muscle and liver. ...
... humans. In mammals, some tissues depend almost completely on glucose for their metabolic energy. The human brain alone requires 120 g of glucose each day, more than half of which is stored as glycogen in muscle and liver. ...
Energy and Life
... represented by a negative ∆G. Exothermic applies to the release of heat, represented by a negative ∆H. Endergonic: A non-spontaneous reaction or process that absorbs free energy and has a positive ∆G. Free-energy change switches sign but keeps the same magnitude for the reverse of a reaction. Pearso ...
... represented by a negative ∆G. Exothermic applies to the release of heat, represented by a negative ∆H. Endergonic: A non-spontaneous reaction or process that absorbs free energy and has a positive ∆G. Free-energy change switches sign but keeps the same magnitude for the reverse of a reaction. Pearso ...
ACID- BASE and ELECTROLYTE BALANCE
... • Results from an accumulation off acid or loss of a base • 4 most common Prehospital encounters are lactic acidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis, acidosis from renal failure, and acidosis from ingestion off toxins. • Treatment off metabolic acidosis varies but may include induced respiratory alkalosis, I ...
... • Results from an accumulation off acid or loss of a base • 4 most common Prehospital encounters are lactic acidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis, acidosis from renal failure, and acidosis from ingestion off toxins. • Treatment off metabolic acidosis varies but may include induced respiratory alkalosis, I ...
File
... 2 molecules of acetyl CoA The TCA cycle occurs twice for every molecule of glucose oxidized The net result is 2 ATP and 4 CO2 The overall reaction for glycolysis, acetyl CoA formation and TCA cycle ...
... 2 molecules of acetyl CoA The TCA cycle occurs twice for every molecule of glucose oxidized The net result is 2 ATP and 4 CO2 The overall reaction for glycolysis, acetyl CoA formation and TCA cycle ...
PDF
... a target phenotype. The main idea is to integrate the ontology information of the genes with their expression data (X) to perform unsupervised classification and to identify the genes that regulate the cellular responses (Y ). For a given cellular response, regression models are constructed to appro ...
... a target phenotype. The main idea is to integrate the ontology information of the genes with their expression data (X) to perform unsupervised classification and to identify the genes that regulate the cellular responses (Y ). For a given cellular response, regression models are constructed to appro ...
Document
... • A reasonable thing to do is to rely on existing annotations which help to relate the selected sequences with biological knowledge. • Bioinformatics resources hold data, often in the form of sequences which are annotated in scientific natural language. ...
... • A reasonable thing to do is to rely on existing annotations which help to relate the selected sequences with biological knowledge. • Bioinformatics resources hold data, often in the form of sequences which are annotated in scientific natural language. ...
Genetic Disorders and Diseases
... • Polygenic in nature, no single error in the genetic information. • Environmental factors play a significant role in precipitating the disorder in genetically susceptible individuals. • Tend to cluster in families • Do not show characteristic pedigree pattern of inheritance. ...
... • Polygenic in nature, no single error in the genetic information. • Environmental factors play a significant role in precipitating the disorder in genetically susceptible individuals. • Tend to cluster in families • Do not show characteristic pedigree pattern of inheritance. ...
answer key
... (VV p. 625 Problem 1) The formation of glucose-6-phosphate from glucose via the hexokinase reaction requires the expenditure of 1 ATP. The pentose phosphate pathway generates 2NADPH = 6ATP for each CO2 released. The resulting ribulose-5-phosphate can be reconverted to glucose6-phosphate through the ...
... (VV p. 625 Problem 1) The formation of glucose-6-phosphate from glucose via the hexokinase reaction requires the expenditure of 1 ATP. The pentose phosphate pathway generates 2NADPH = 6ATP for each CO2 released. The resulting ribulose-5-phosphate can be reconverted to glucose6-phosphate through the ...
Week 10 notes
... Once a bond is formed (or broken) in substrate(s) then products are released and the ENZYME REMAINS UNCHANGED and may be REUSED! A single enzyme can catalyze several million reactions in one minute The same enzyme may also catalyze the reverse reaction ...
... Once a bond is formed (or broken) in substrate(s) then products are released and the ENZYME REMAINS UNCHANGED and may be REUSED! A single enzyme can catalyze several million reactions in one minute The same enzyme may also catalyze the reverse reaction ...
Document
... The Solution – Use a “Safe” Cell Line for mAb Production The solution – use a “safe” cell line for mAb production: A variant of cetuximab, CHO-C225, which is produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines that do not produce a-1,3galactosyltransferase and, for this reason, has a pattern of glyc ...
... The Solution – Use a “Safe” Cell Line for mAb Production The solution – use a “safe” cell line for mAb production: A variant of cetuximab, CHO-C225, which is produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines that do not produce a-1,3galactosyltransferase and, for this reason, has a pattern of glyc ...
Sept 19th Lecture 4
... In most cases substrates are held in the active site by weak interactions – interactions typically involve groups of a few amino acids on the active site Catalyze the conversion of substrate to product. – A single enzyme molecule can catalyze thousands or more reactions a second. – Enzymes are unaff ...
... In most cases substrates are held in the active site by weak interactions – interactions typically involve groups of a few amino acids on the active site Catalyze the conversion of substrate to product. – A single enzyme molecule can catalyze thousands or more reactions a second. – Enzymes are unaff ...
Metabolic reaction network approach for CHO
... since it is inexpensive, requires less time than other methods and it is a simple way of understanding the behaviour of the cells in a culture. This Thesis worked in the design of one simulator that describe the evolution over time of the extracellular metabolites and cell growth of CHO culture. A m ...
... since it is inexpensive, requires less time than other methods and it is a simple way of understanding the behaviour of the cells in a culture. This Thesis worked in the design of one simulator that describe the evolution over time of the extracellular metabolites and cell growth of CHO culture. A m ...
Responses to challenges
... and separation of molecules. for example, in teh citric acid cycle where isocitrate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketogluturate catalyze the charging and decarboxlyation of the respective reactants to their product.. this enzyme is essential to regulating the metabolic pathway. it should also be noted tha ...
... and separation of molecules. for example, in teh citric acid cycle where isocitrate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketogluturate catalyze the charging and decarboxlyation of the respective reactants to their product.. this enzyme is essential to regulating the metabolic pathway. it should also be noted tha ...
Enzymes
... Not all proteins are enzymes. •Enzymes are catalysts. •A catalyst is a substance which increases the rate of chemical reaction – Catalysts themselves are NOT used up ...
... Not all proteins are enzymes. •Enzymes are catalysts. •A catalyst is a substance which increases the rate of chemical reaction – Catalysts themselves are NOT used up ...
Final Key - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... Graduate Student This exam consists of 8 questions. A maximum of 100 points can be earned. Partial credit will be given. There are a total of 12 pages, including the cover page and one blank sheet at the end for notes. However, do not use the blank sheet for your final answers. If you need more spac ...
... Graduate Student This exam consists of 8 questions. A maximum of 100 points can be earned. Partial credit will be given. There are a total of 12 pages, including the cover page and one blank sheet at the end for notes. However, do not use the blank sheet for your final answers. If you need more spac ...
Yeast as a navigational aid in genome analysis
... 1991). Competition experiments using mutant strains generated by either Ty insertions (Smith et al., 1995, 1996) or by the PCR-mediated gene replacement protocol described above (F. Baganz, A. Hayes, D. C. J. Gardner & S. G. Oliver, unpublished) have been performed using various forms of quantitativ ...
... 1991). Competition experiments using mutant strains generated by either Ty insertions (Smith et al., 1995, 1996) or by the PCR-mediated gene replacement protocol described above (F. Baganz, A. Hayes, D. C. J. Gardner & S. G. Oliver, unpublished) have been performed using various forms of quantitativ ...
Lecture 27 - Redox and PDH
... pyruvate to form CO2 and acetyl-CoA in a reaction that requires three enzymes (E1, E2, and E3), and five coenzymes (NAD+, FAD, CoA, TPP, and lipoic acid), that work together to catalyze five linked redox reactions. ...
... pyruvate to form CO2 and acetyl-CoA in a reaction that requires three enzymes (E1, E2, and E3), and five coenzymes (NAD+, FAD, CoA, TPP, and lipoic acid), that work together to catalyze five linked redox reactions. ...
Additional File 1
... test, Crosstalk (Li et al, Bioinformatics, 2008 and Huttenhower et al, Genome Research, 2009), and GsNetCom from the original web tool (Wang et al, Bioinformatics, 2011) and also implemented with HumanNet. Results for matching disjoint KEGG sets and time-split GO sets are shown on the left and right ...
... test, Crosstalk (Li et al, Bioinformatics, 2008 and Huttenhower et al, Genome Research, 2009), and GsNetCom from the original web tool (Wang et al, Bioinformatics, 2011) and also implemented with HumanNet. Results for matching disjoint KEGG sets and time-split GO sets are shown on the left and right ...
Metabolic network modelling
Metabolic network reconstruction and simulation allows for an in-depth insight into the molecular mechanisms of a particular organism. In particular, these models correlate the genome with molecular physiology. A reconstruction breaks down metabolic pathways (such as glycolysis and the Citric acid cycle) into their respective reactions and enzymes, and analyzes them within the perspective of the entire network. In simplified terms, a reconstruction collects all of the relevant metabolic information of an organism and compiles it in a mathematical model. Validation and analysis of reconstructions can allow identification of key features of metabolism such as growth yield, resource distribution, network robustness, and gene essentiality. This knowledge can then be applied to create novel biotechnology.In general, the process to build a reconstruction is as follows: Draft a reconstruction Refine the model Convert model into a mathematical/computational representation Evaluate and debug model through experimentation↑