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AP Physics III.E
AP Physics III.E

... Ex. A coil of wire with 20 turns has an area of 1.5 EE –3 square meters. A magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of each loop at all times. At the initial time, the initial magnetic field is 0.050 T. At 10.0 s the magnetic field is 0.060 T. Find a) the average induced emf during this time ...
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Skin effect



Skin effect is the tendency of an alternating electric current (AC) to become distributed within a conductor such that the current density is largest near the surface of the conductor, and decreases with greater depths in the conductor. The electric current flows mainly at the ""skin"" of the conductor, between the outer surface and a level called the skin depth. The skin effect causes the effective resistance of the conductor to increase at higher frequencies where the skin depth is smaller, thus reducing the effective cross-section of the conductor. The skin effect is due to opposing eddy currents induced by the changing magnetic field resulting from the alternating current. At 60 Hz in copper, the skin depth is about 8.5 mm. At high frequencies the skin depth becomes much smaller. Increased AC resistance due to the skin effect can be mitigated by using specially woven litz wire. Because the interior of a large conductor carries so little of the current, tubular conductors such as pipe can be used to save weight and cost.
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