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Episode 107 - Teaching Advanced Physics
Episode 107 - Teaching Advanced Physics

... Next we investigate the temperature dependence of the resistance of metals and semiconductors and (where relevant) discuss the phenomenon of superconductivity and its applications. An investigation of the dependence of resistance on type of material and dimensions leads to resistivity. The electrica ...
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Physics 212 HW17 - University of St. Thomas

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Skin effect



Skin effect is the tendency of an alternating electric current (AC) to become distributed within a conductor such that the current density is largest near the surface of the conductor, and decreases with greater depths in the conductor. The electric current flows mainly at the ""skin"" of the conductor, between the outer surface and a level called the skin depth. The skin effect causes the effective resistance of the conductor to increase at higher frequencies where the skin depth is smaller, thus reducing the effective cross-section of the conductor. The skin effect is due to opposing eddy currents induced by the changing magnetic field resulting from the alternating current. At 60 Hz in copper, the skin depth is about 8.5 mm. At high frequencies the skin depth becomes much smaller. Increased AC resistance due to the skin effect can be mitigated by using specially woven litz wire. Because the interior of a large conductor carries so little of the current, tubular conductors such as pipe can be used to save weight and cost.
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