HIV - Shifa College of Medicine
... • AIDS is the ultimate clinical consequence of infection with HIV • HIV is a retrovirus that primarily infects vital organs of the human immune system such as CD4+ T cells (a subset of T cells), macrophages and dendritic cells • It directly and indirectly destroys CD4+ T cells • Once HIV has killed ...
... • AIDS is the ultimate clinical consequence of infection with HIV • HIV is a retrovirus that primarily infects vital organs of the human immune system such as CD4+ T cells (a subset of T cells), macrophages and dendritic cells • It directly and indirectly destroys CD4+ T cells • Once HIV has killed ...
Addison`s Disease
... What is addison’s disease? Addison’s disease (also called primary hypoadrenocorticism) is a condition caused by the deficiency of hormones made by the adrenal gland. The adrenal glands (there are two, one in front of each kidney) makes several important hormones. With Addison’s disease, clinical sig ...
... What is addison’s disease? Addison’s disease (also called primary hypoadrenocorticism) is a condition caused by the deficiency of hormones made by the adrenal gland. The adrenal glands (there are two, one in front of each kidney) makes several important hormones. With Addison’s disease, clinical sig ...
Bacterial Vaginosis
... creams and suppositories don’t work as well for preventing the harmful effects of BV during pregnancy. Neither antibiotic is considered harmful to the fetus. If you take oral metronidazole you will be instructed not to drink alcohol during treatment because the combination causes severe nausea and v ...
... creams and suppositories don’t work as well for preventing the harmful effects of BV during pregnancy. Neither antibiotic is considered harmful to the fetus. If you take oral metronidazole you will be instructed not to drink alcohol during treatment because the combination causes severe nausea and v ...
Bacteria Notes
... division of bacteria into two identical cells Conjugation – sexual; two prokaryotes attach to each other and exchange genetic material; creates diversity among bacteria ...
... division of bacteria into two identical cells Conjugation – sexual; two prokaryotes attach to each other and exchange genetic material; creates diversity among bacteria ...
Snake Fungal Disease
... appear to be caused by a fungal infection. Over the past several years these reports have been increasing, and the disease, informally called snake fungal disease (SFD), has received attention from conservationists because it was determined to be affecting timber rattlesnakes in New England, and eas ...
... appear to be caused by a fungal infection. Over the past several years these reports have been increasing, and the disease, informally called snake fungal disease (SFD), has received attention from conservationists because it was determined to be affecting timber rattlesnakes in New England, and eas ...
Canine vector-borne diseases: What tests to run and what to do with
... Borrelia burgdorferi, where the amount of exposure required to develop an antibody response, combined with the low immune clearance rate, means that a positive antibody test can mean infection. The C6 peptide-based SNAP antibody tests are also useful for discriminating antibodies to natural exposure ...
... Borrelia burgdorferi, where the amount of exposure required to develop an antibody response, combined with the low immune clearance rate, means that a positive antibody test can mean infection. The C6 peptide-based SNAP antibody tests are also useful for discriminating antibodies to natural exposure ...
ASM Microbe 2016 Highlights
... "respiratory fluoroquinolone restriction program," which included education and development of criteria for use of the drugs. The five hospitals, all part of one healthcare system, are in Austin, Houston, and Memphis. Before the program's launch, overall fluoroquinolone use was 24.5 days of therapy ...
... "respiratory fluoroquinolone restriction program," which included education and development of criteria for use of the drugs. The five hospitals, all part of one healthcare system, are in Austin, Houston, and Memphis. Before the program's launch, overall fluoroquinolone use was 24.5 days of therapy ...
Isolation Prioritisation Scoring System
... Isolation only required where risk of body fluid contamination of others or the environment. Only for first 7 days following onset of jaundice ...
... Isolation only required where risk of body fluid contamination of others or the environment. Only for first 7 days following onset of jaundice ...
Video: Understanding Viruses - Hutchison
... bacteria and viruses. Each antibody targets an antigen present on the invading organism. This antigen is like a key that helps the antibody identify the organism. The antibody acts by tagging or neutralizing its target. ...
... bacteria and viruses. Each antibody targets an antigen present on the invading organism. This antigen is like a key that helps the antibody identify the organism. The antibody acts by tagging or neutralizing its target. ...
clinical pearls: sore throat
... capacity and no detrimental effects in those with IM allowed to participate in light exercise ad libitum as soon as they become afebrile, compared with those restricted from activity for 2 weeks.71 The resumption of light activity assumes that the activity will avoid any chest or abdominal trauma an ...
... capacity and no detrimental effects in those with IM allowed to participate in light exercise ad libitum as soon as they become afebrile, compared with those restricted from activity for 2 weeks.71 The resumption of light activity assumes that the activity will avoid any chest or abdominal trauma an ...
Nipah Virus
... in bat urine and potentially, bat feces, saliva, and birthing fluids. Perhaps as a result of deforestation programmes, the Malaysian pig farms where the disease first originated had fruit trees which attracted the bats from the tropical forest, thus exposing domestic pigs to bat urine and feces. It is ...
... in bat urine and potentially, bat feces, saliva, and birthing fluids. Perhaps as a result of deforestation programmes, the Malaysian pig farms where the disease first originated had fruit trees which attracted the bats from the tropical forest, thus exposing domestic pigs to bat urine and feces. It is ...
Biology 6 – Test 3 Study Guide
... i. Mutualism – both benefit. E.g. E. coli break down food and release vitamin K. Also may outcompete pathogens: microbial antagonism. ii. Commensalism – one benefits, other unharmed. E.g. organisms that live on our skin. iii. Parasitism – one benefits, other is harmed. Diseases caused by these. Some ...
... i. Mutualism – both benefit. E.g. E. coli break down food and release vitamin K. Also may outcompete pathogens: microbial antagonism. ii. Commensalism – one benefits, other unharmed. E.g. organisms that live on our skin. iii. Parasitism – one benefits, other is harmed. Diseases caused by these. Some ...
STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION
... Spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes tiny droplets into the air and another person breathes them in. Also can be spread by touching the secretions from the nose and mouth of an infected person or by touching hands, tissues, or other items soiled with these secretions and then touching on ...
... Spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes tiny droplets into the air and another person breathes them in. Also can be spread by touching the secretions from the nose and mouth of an infected person or by touching hands, tissues, or other items soiled with these secretions and then touching on ...
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
... inflammation are often helpful but their overuse should be avoided. Do not use strong steroid creams, e.g. fluorinated steroids, on the face. If certain foods make the eczema worse and if known food allergies exist, attempts should be made to remove the offending food items. Platelet transfusions ma ...
... inflammation are often helpful but their overuse should be avoided. Do not use strong steroid creams, e.g. fluorinated steroids, on the face. If certain foods make the eczema worse and if known food allergies exist, attempts should be made to remove the offending food items. Platelet transfusions ma ...
Diapositive 1
... Objective: To evaluate the role of Gbps in macrophages infected with intracellular bacteria sensitive to IFN-γ mediated killing ...
... Objective: To evaluate the role of Gbps in macrophages infected with intracellular bacteria sensitive to IFN-γ mediated killing ...
H1B – Dose 1 Lifestyle babies Letter
... Child at risk of Hepatitis B infection for lifestyle or family reasons - first vaccination given. Notification to healthcare professional to deliver subsequent vaccine doses. Dear Doctor, I would like to inform you of an infant born to a mother who is not Hepatitis B positive but who is at risk of H ...
... Child at risk of Hepatitis B infection for lifestyle or family reasons - first vaccination given. Notification to healthcare professional to deliver subsequent vaccine doses. Dear Doctor, I would like to inform you of an infant born to a mother who is not Hepatitis B positive but who is at risk of H ...
Antibiotics Resistance: Impact and Alternatives
... 1- Haxhiraj, E, The Secret of Emerging Diseases, Albania 2010, Biblioteka Kombetare, Book, 19-21. 2- EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) ; Technical guidance - Update of the criteria used in the assessment of bacterial resistance to antibiotics of human or ...
... 1- Haxhiraj, E, The Secret of Emerging Diseases, Albania 2010, Biblioteka Kombetare, Book, 19-21. 2- EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) ; Technical guidance - Update of the criteria used in the assessment of bacterial resistance to antibiotics of human or ...
Hitting the right button: MAVS-mediated defense against HAV infection
... induction of type-I-interferon, thereby blunting interferon responses in infected hepatocytes. Hirai-Yuki et al. [4] now report that HAV can infect mice that lack type-IInterferon signaling, i.e., IFN-receptor (IFNAR) knockout mice. Such infection is similar to HAV infection in humans and is charact ...
... induction of type-I-interferon, thereby blunting interferon responses in infected hepatocytes. Hirai-Yuki et al. [4] now report that HAV can infect mice that lack type-IInterferon signaling, i.e., IFN-receptor (IFNAR) knockout mice. Such infection is similar to HAV infection in humans and is charact ...
Virkon ® S - for Companion Animals
... The greatest disease threat to a companion animal comes from another animal, either through direct contact or through contaminated surfaces, bedding, feeding bowls, drinkers or carried by people from animal to animal. Boarding kennels and catteries insist that animals have been vaccinated and medica ...
... The greatest disease threat to a companion animal comes from another animal, either through direct contact or through contaminated surfaces, bedding, feeding bowls, drinkers or carried by people from animal to animal. Boarding kennels and catteries insist that animals have been vaccinated and medica ...
XI./2. chapter: Neck inflammation, abscess, phlegmone
... Attention is called to the possibility of such inflammations by the worsening of the patient’s condition, high temperature, shivering, very weak state, and according to the neck region painful swelling develops, the neck becomes torticollis-like fixed, perhaps even trismus can also occur depending o ...
... Attention is called to the possibility of such inflammations by the worsening of the patient’s condition, high temperature, shivering, very weak state, and according to the neck region painful swelling develops, the neck becomes torticollis-like fixed, perhaps even trismus can also occur depending o ...
Infection
Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to these organisms and the toxins they produce. Infectious disease, also known as transmissible disease or communicable disease, is illness resulting from an infection.Infections are caused by infectious agents including viruses, viroids, prions, bacteria, nematodes such as parasitic roundworms and pinworms, arthropods such as ticks, mites, fleas, and lice, fungi such as ringworm, and other macroparasites such as tapeworms and other helminths.Hosts can fight infections using their immune system. Mammalian hosts react to infections with an innate response, often involving inflammation, followed by an adaptive response.Specific medications used to treat infections include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, antiprotozoals, and antihelminthics. Infectious diseases resulted in 9.2 million deaths in 2013 (about 17% of all deaths). The branch of medicine that focuses on infections is referred to as Infectious Disease.