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Transplantation - immunology.unideb.hu
Transplantation - immunology.unideb.hu

... At the same time may provoke powerful immune responses ...
L-6 Lymphatic System
L-6 Lymphatic System

... • T Cells (T lymphocytes) - attack foreign cells or body cells infected by viruses; T cells mature and divide in the thymus - responsible for cell-mediated immunity (protection directly from living cells) • B Cells (B lymphocytes) responsible for antibody-mediated immunity (=humoral immunity); a per ...
Cell-mediated Response
Cell-mediated Response

... 1) What cells are responsible for insulin secretion: a) Alpha cells, b) Beta cells, c) Gamma Cells, d) Islet of Langerhans 2) Which of the following statements is false. a) Type 1 diabetes is caused by a T cell–mediated autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cells. b) Having one or both copie ...
Connective tissue proper There are three major components of
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... cytoplasm are the structures indicative of the phagocytic capability of the cell.  Macrophage function is phagocytosis of either bacteria or virus cell debris.  Also they play a role in immune reaction by presenting lymphocytes with concentrated antigen derived from phagocytosed foreign cells or p ...
Mechanisms of Autoimmunity
Mechanisms of Autoimmunity

... Microbial infection may initiate autoimmune response not only through molecular mimicry, but also with polyclonal activation and release of isolated autoantigen. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a product of infectious microbes, bacterial DNA, and viruses serve as an adjuvant to immune response. They bind ...
ARTIFICIAL IMMUNE SYSTEMS FOR ILLNESSES DIAGNOSTIC  Ubiquitous Computing and Communication Journal
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... to show limits and differences between methods and some perspectives also. ...
TUTORIAL 5 Multiple Choices For each of the questions below
TUTORIAL 5 Multiple Choices For each of the questions below

... An ELISA designed to test for the presence of serum antibody for a new strain of pathogenic bacteria is under development. Initially, a monoclonal antibody specific for a single epitope of the organism was used both to sensitize the wells of the ELISA plate and as the enzyme-labeled detecting antibo ...
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... The four types of hypersensitivity are . Type I Hypersensitivity IgE mediated . Type II Hypersensitivity Antibody mediated . Type III Hypersensitivity immune complex . Type IV Hypersensitivity cell mediated The first three are mediated by antibody, the fourth by T cells. ...
positive selection - immunology.unideb.hu
positive selection - immunology.unideb.hu

... Effector functions are inhibited by regulatory T cells ...
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... – However, the disease agent could mutate back to pathogenic strain – Harder to make this type for bacteria – usu. viruses – Example: MMR, Varicella zoster ...
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... Common Structures - Both the antibodies of the humoral response and the molecules involved in the cellular response (antibody, TCR, most CD [cell surface molecules expressed on various cell types in the immune system]) contain elements of common structure. The domains in these molecules are built on ...
Immune Responses to Viral Infections
Immune Responses to Viral Infections

... • Virus infection of a cell may initiate a process that causes the death of the cell before progeny virus has been produced, hence preventing the spread of infection to other cells. • In animal cells this suicide mechanism is known as apoptosis. • It is triggered, not only by virus infection, but al ...
Project Plan: Gene Ontology – Alzheimer`s Disease
Project Plan: Gene Ontology – Alzheimer`s Disease

... factor for developing AD. Amyloidogenic proteins such as amyloid plaque are found in lipid based structures. There are three groups of lipid in the brain glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids and cholesterol. Sphingolipids and cholesterol self aggregate into membrane domains called lipid rafts, which ...
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... encountered the epitope to which it is specific. In contrast, a memory B cell is one which derives from an activated naive or memory B cell. The activation of a naive or a memory B cell is followed by a manifold proliferation of that particular B cell, most of the progeny of which terminally differe ...
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... Four Types of Vaccines 1. Live-virus vaccines are made to lose most of their disease-causing properties while stimulating the production of antibodies. 2. Killed-virus vaccines use inactivated pathogens. The organism stimulates an immune response and antibodies are produced. 3. Toxoids are inactivat ...
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... 3 Major Types of Vaccines: 1)live-virus vaccines-these are made from weakened viruses. Measles, rubella, and oral polio vaccines all contain live viruses. 2)killed-virus vaccines-the vaccines contain viruses that have been killed. They are not as powerful as live-virus vaccines. Need booster shots f ...
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Immune Design Partners with Top Cancer Organizations
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... facilitate the investigation of next generation combination immunotherapies,” said Adam Kolom, managing director of CRI’s nonprofit venture fund, which makes investments to support the costs of innovative immunotherapy clinical trials. “Each of our partnerships is designed to facilitate access to on ...
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... iii. Cytokines have a vital role in initiation and regulation of both immune responses. III. Simplified Schematic of Immune Response [S4] a. Helps illustrate the immune system. b. Both humoral and cellular immunity work by identifying the Ag as part of a bacteria or virus. c. In humoral immunity the ...
the immune system
the immune system

... addition, PMNs contribute to collateral tissue damage that occurs during inflammation. 2. Macrophages – Tissue macrophages and newly recruited monocytes which differentiate into macrophages, also function in phagocytosis and intracellular killing of microorganisms. In addition, macrophages are capab ...
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Immunomics

Immunomics is the study of immune system regulation and response to pathogens using genome-wide approaches. With the rise of genomic and proteomic technologies, scientists have been able to visualize biological networks and infer interrelationships between genes and/or proteins; recently, these technologies have been used to help better understand how the immune system functions and how it is regulated. Two thirds of the genome is active in one or more immune cell types and less than 1% of genes are uniquely expressed in a given type of cell. Therefore, it is critical that the expression patterns of these immune cell types be deciphered in the context of a network, and not as an individual, so that their roles be correctly characterized and related to one another. Defects of the immune system such as autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency, and malignancies can benefit from genomic insights on pathological processes. For example, analyzing the systematic variation of gene expression can relate these patterns with specific diseases and gene networks important for immune functions.Traditionally, scientists studying the immune system have had to search for antigens on an individual basis and identify the protein sequence of these antigens (“epitopes”) that would stimulate an immune response. This procedure required that antigens be isolated from whole cells, digested into smaller fragments, and tested against T- and B-cells to observe T- and B- cell responses. These classical approaches could only visualize this system as a static condition and required a large amount of time and labor.Immunomics has made this approach easier by its ability to look at the immune system as a whole and characterize it as a dynamic model. It has revealed that some of the immune system’s most distinguishing features are the continuous motility, turnover, and plasticity of its constituent cells. In addition, current genomic technologies, like microarrays, can capture immune system gene expression over time and can trace interactions of microorganisms with cells of the innate immune system. New, proteomic approaches, including T-cell and B-cells-epitope mapping, can also accelerate the pace at which scientists discover antibody-antigen relationships.
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