Relationships between dinoflagellate cyst assemblages in surface
... 2 The Alaska Coastal Water (ACW) is relatively warm (about 11 ° C) and characterised by low salinity (about 32) during summer because of freshwater inputs from the Yukon River, which also contributes to some nutrient enrichment (Walsh et al., 1989; Chen, 1993; Chen et al., 1997). However, the Copyri ...
... 2 The Alaska Coastal Water (ACW) is relatively warm (about 11 ° C) and characterised by low salinity (about 32) during summer because of freshwater inputs from the Yukon River, which also contributes to some nutrient enrichment (Walsh et al., 1989; Chen, 1993; Chen et al., 1997). However, the Copyri ...
Tropical Marginal Seas
... of the SCS (17,535 publications for the North Sea compared with 5,099 for the SCS). However, the annual research output is growing more rapidly for the SCS: In the 1970s, the North Sea had 20 times more publications annually than the SCS did, but since 2000 it has had only twice as many. TMSs vary i ...
... of the SCS (17,535 publications for the North Sea compared with 5,099 for the SCS). However, the annual research output is growing more rapidly for the SCS: In the 1970s, the North Sea had 20 times more publications annually than the SCS did, but since 2000 it has had only twice as many. TMSs vary i ...
the sea and coastal environment
... shorelines) which are ideal for this purpose. The use of relict sands for this type of intervention entails certain advantages, such as the availability of large amounts of sediments (millions of m3), a grain size and composition similar to that of the beach sands, a low environmental impact and rel ...
... shorelines) which are ideal for this purpose. The use of relict sands for this type of intervention entails certain advantages, such as the availability of large amounts of sediments (millions of m3), a grain size and composition similar to that of the beach sands, a low environmental impact and rel ...
the response of echinoderms to ocean acidification
... the tanks to values of either 8.1 or 7.7 by adjusting environmental CO2 levels to either 372 ppm or 930 ppm, during which time they documented settlement success as the percentage of initially free-swimming larvae that affixed themselves to the aquarium walls, larval length at various time intervals ...
... the tanks to values of either 8.1 or 7.7 by adjusting environmental CO2 levels to either 372 ppm or 930 ppm, during which time they documented settlement success as the percentage of initially free-swimming larvae that affixed themselves to the aquarium walls, larval length at various time intervals ...
Hydrography of the eastern part of the Aegean Sea during the
... a salinity of 39.0 psu and temperature less than 19 °C. The upwelled water flows towards south influencing a big area from west side of the Lesvos Island up to the Chios Basin forming two cyclonic eddies. The cold cores can be identified even from the SST field (Fig. 2). These frequently seen cyclonic e ...
... a salinity of 39.0 psu and temperature less than 19 °C. The upwelled water flows towards south influencing a big area from west side of the Lesvos Island up to the Chios Basin forming two cyclonic eddies. The cold cores can be identified even from the SST field (Fig. 2). These frequently seen cyclonic e ...
Research Article
... Systematic study of fauna from the deeper parts of the Black Sea began since start the EU projects HERMES (2006–2009) and HYPOX (2009–20012). Two oceanographic expeditions were conducted to survey fauna at the deep-water part in the outlet area of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) during cruises of t ...
... Systematic study of fauna from the deeper parts of the Black Sea began since start the EU projects HERMES (2006–2009) and HYPOX (2009–20012). Two oceanographic expeditions were conducted to survey fauna at the deep-water part in the outlet area of the Istanbul Strait’s (Bosporus) during cruises of t ...
The tilt of mean sea level along the east coast of North America
... Monthly tide gauge data were obtained from the Revised Local Reference (RLR) data set of the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) [Woodworth and Player, 2003], with mean sea level (MSL) at each location referenced to a local benchmark. GPS ellipsoidal heights at these benchmarks, or nearby b ...
... Monthly tide gauge data were obtained from the Revised Local Reference (RLR) data set of the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) [Woodworth and Player, 2003], with mean sea level (MSL) at each location referenced to a local benchmark. GPS ellipsoidal heights at these benchmarks, or nearby b ...
2008, final Lecture 12 deep sea and hydro vents
... iron and sulfide, which combine to form iron monosulfide. This compound gives the smoker its black color. • White smokers release water that is cooler than their cousins’ and often contains compounds of barium, calcium, and silicon, which are white ...
... iron and sulfide, which combine to form iron monosulfide. This compound gives the smoker its black color. • White smokers release water that is cooler than their cousins’ and often contains compounds of barium, calcium, and silicon, which are white ...
Contribution of the Black Sea observing system to ECOOP
... Relative variations of the sea level are measured with the error of about four centimetres. Such accuracy is sufficient for precise observations of mesoscale variability of the Black Sea basin. The along-track SLA data set is further processed at MHI NASU to exclude 30 km coastal zone known for the ...
... Relative variations of the sea level are measured with the error of about four centimetres. Such accuracy is sufficient for precise observations of mesoscale variability of the Black Sea basin. The along-track SLA data set is further processed at MHI NASU to exclude 30 km coastal zone known for the ...
How Accurately Can We Predict Optical Clarity in the Littorals?
... Besides investigating the patterns of spatial variability in optical clarity, we also attempted to determine the short-term (hours to days) temporal variability. Only one station was repeatedly sampled to provide this kind of information, i.e., the corner of Region C (near the boundary with Regions ...
... Besides investigating the patterns of spatial variability in optical clarity, we also attempted to determine the short-term (hours to days) temporal variability. Only one station was repeatedly sampled to provide this kind of information, i.e., the corner of Region C (near the boundary with Regions ...
Quantifying sea surface temperature ranges of the Arabian Sea for
... composition of sea-water. However, the amount of annual rainfall today is 100 mm (based on the satellite data used by Shakun et al., 2007), with a maximum of 30 % within one month. If we assume an increase of rainfall by a factor of 10 (maximum of 30 cm within a month, which is unrealistically high) ...
... composition of sea-water. However, the amount of annual rainfall today is 100 mm (based on the satellite data used by Shakun et al., 2007), with a maximum of 30 % within one month. If we assume an increase of rainfall by a factor of 10 (maximum of 30 cm within a month, which is unrealistically high) ...
Climate change and reduced ice cover significantly impact the
... of the eastern Bering Sea ecosystem from 2007–2012. More than one hundred federal, state, university, and private institution scientists are studying a range of issues in the Bering Sea—from atmospheric forcing and physical oceanography to humans and communities—including the attendant economic and ...
... of the eastern Bering Sea ecosystem from 2007–2012. More than one hundred federal, state, university, and private institution scientists are studying a range of issues in the Bering Sea—from atmospheric forcing and physical oceanography to humans and communities—including the attendant economic and ...
Comparison of remotely-sensed surveys vs. in situ plot
... was establishing transects perpendicular to shore rather than parallel, to identify differences along a clearly defined depth gradient. Eelgrass samples were collected during each of 3 time periods (June–July, August– September, and October–November) in all years. The following eelgrass characterist ...
... was establishing transects perpendicular to shore rather than parallel, to identify differences along a clearly defined depth gradient. Eelgrass samples were collected during each of 3 time periods (June–July, August– September, and October–November) in all years. The following eelgrass characterist ...
Modeling of the Total Alkalinity and the Total Inorganic Carbon
... 2005. The reason for the slightly less steep slope and the less negative intercept in our correlation (Eq.1) compared to the other one (Eq.I) could be attributed to the difference of sampling locations (different specific total alkalinities between the Western and the Eastern basins). Located in the ...
... 2005. The reason for the slightly less steep slope and the less negative intercept in our correlation (Eq.1) compared to the other one (Eq.I) could be attributed to the difference of sampling locations (different specific total alkalinities between the Western and the Eastern basins). Located in the ...
The abundance and size of giant sea anemones at different
... affects rate of respiration. Temperature is an important factor that limits the geographic distribution of sea anemones. Actinia equina in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea was not found in the southern part, from Israel to the Egyptian coast. This was probably caused by the high temperatur ...
... affects rate of respiration. Temperature is an important factor that limits the geographic distribution of sea anemones. Actinia equina in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea was not found in the southern part, from Israel to the Egyptian coast. This was probably caused by the high temperatur ...
Chapter 14. Biogenic and authigenic sediment
... 2) the ocean is buffered by its carbonate oozes, which can dissolve to take up acid protons and keep the ocean from changing its pH (defined based on the concentration of acid protons) (b) Controls of CO2 in the ocean (i) CO2 more soluble in cold waters, which form at high latitudes, where it dissol ...
... 2) the ocean is buffered by its carbonate oozes, which can dissolve to take up acid protons and keep the ocean from changing its pH (defined based on the concentration of acid protons) (b) Controls of CO2 in the ocean (i) CO2 more soluble in cold waters, which form at high latitudes, where it dissol ...
Observations of abundance, stock composition, body size and food
... The Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway, carried out pelagic trawl surveys in the Norwegian Sea during the summers of 1991, and 1995, and in the area between the Hebrides and Faroes in 1995 (Figures 1 and 2). In all years the trawls were fitted with buoys on the wings and headline to allow ...
... The Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway, carried out pelagic trawl surveys in the Norwegian Sea during the summers of 1991, and 1995, and in the area between the Hebrides and Faroes in 1995 (Figures 1 and 2). In all years the trawls were fitted with buoys on the wings and headline to allow ...
Sea-floor sediments and bedforms around Turkey
... rivers took place in a west-southwest direction, parallel to the main current of the northeastern Mediterranean waters (Okyar, 1991; Ergin et al., 1992). At that time, the current velocity in this area may have been so high that the finegrained materials were winnowed out of the sediments supplied f ...
... rivers took place in a west-southwest direction, parallel to the main current of the northeastern Mediterranean waters (Okyar, 1991; Ergin et al., 1992). At that time, the current velocity in this area may have been so high that the finegrained materials were winnowed out of the sediments supplied f ...
Exchange processes between the Gulf of Finland and
... boundary wave field was found to be accurate (Fig. 1). The wave field at Harmaja for these situations consisted of waves limited by the fetch to the peninsula of Porkkala in the west combined with longer attenuated waves from the open sea. This finding was confirmed by a simple model relying on a co ...
... boundary wave field was found to be accurate (Fig. 1). The wave field at Harmaja for these situations consisted of waves limited by the fetch to the peninsula of Porkkala in the west combined with longer attenuated waves from the open sea. This finding was confirmed by a simple model relying on a co ...
Utilizacin de Encuestas de Opinin de Expertos para Clasificar
... terms, pathogens were consistently ranked low as a hazard. Global warming was considered less of a hazard than pathogens. Nevertheless, global warming had the highest impact score for flatback turtles (Natator depressus). There were apparent differences between impact scores for sea turtle species w ...
... terms, pathogens were consistently ranked low as a hazard. Global warming was considered less of a hazard than pathogens. Nevertheless, global warming had the highest impact score for flatback turtles (Natator depressus). There were apparent differences between impact scores for sea turtle species w ...
Status of coral reefs in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden in 2004 (PDF
... northern Red Sea and Gulf of Aqaba (including areas of Saudi Arabia and Egypt); parts of the Southern Red Sea ‘Complex’ (including areas of Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Djibouti, Eritrea); and the Socotra Archipelago (Yemen). Socotra is a UNESCO ‘Man and Biosphere Reserve’. Parts of Southern Egypt, central ...
... northern Red Sea and Gulf of Aqaba (including areas of Saudi Arabia and Egypt); parts of the Southern Red Sea ‘Complex’ (including areas of Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Djibouti, Eritrea); and the Socotra Archipelago (Yemen). Socotra is a UNESCO ‘Man and Biosphere Reserve’. Parts of Southern Egypt, central ...
article (Open Access)
... et al. 2005), and Libya (Ben-Abdallah et al. 2011). The distribution of this species mainly in eastern part of Mediterranean Sea reflects a slow rate of expansion compared to that of L. sceleratus. There have been nomenclature issues with Lagocephalus guentheri, which complicates assessing its rate ...
... et al. 2005), and Libya (Ben-Abdallah et al. 2011). The distribution of this species mainly in eastern part of Mediterranean Sea reflects a slow rate of expansion compared to that of L. sceleratus. There have been nomenclature issues with Lagocephalus guentheri, which complicates assessing its rate ...
Birth and Development of Continental Margin Basins
... been applied extensively to the interpretation of several basins in the Eastern Brazilian and West African conjugate margins. However, the tectonic development of these basins is markedly different from the magma-poor margins. In this article, I emphasize the contrasts from the tectono-sedimentary f ...
... been applied extensively to the interpretation of several basins in the Eastern Brazilian and West African conjugate margins. However, the tectonic development of these basins is markedly different from the magma-poor margins. In this article, I emphasize the contrasts from the tectono-sedimentary f ...
Determination of flushing characteristics of the Irish Sea: a spatial
... that describes its ability to renew water contained in it. In literature, it is most often ...
... that describes its ability to renew water contained in it. In literature, it is most often ...
Red Sea
The Red Sea, (also the Erythraean Sea), is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. The connection to the ocean is in the south through the Bab el Mandeb strait and the Gulf of Aden. In the north, there is the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Gulf of Suez (leading to the Suez Canal). The Red Sea is a Global 200 ecoregion. The sea is underlain by the Red Sea Rift which is part of the Great Rift Valley.The Red Sea has a surface area of roughly 438,000 km2 (169,100 mi2). It is about 2250 km (1398 mi) long and, at its widest point, 355 km (220.6 mi) wide. It has a maximum depth of 2211 m (7254 ft) in the central median trench, and an average depth of 490 m (1,608 ft). However, there are also extensive shallow shelves, noted for their marine life and corals. The sea is the habitat of over 1,000 invertebrate species, and 200 soft and hard corals. It is the world's northernmost tropical sea.