Generic Vision 2050 Short Presentation
... Business domains for the next decade – Opportunities and overlaps ...
... Business domains for the next decade – Opportunities and overlaps ...
GDP per capita in the Member States ranged from 47
... and 25% lower. Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Hungary and Latvia were between 30% and 40% lower than the average, while Romania and Bulgaria were more than 50% below the average. ...
... and 25% lower. Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Hungary and Latvia were between 30% and 40% lower than the average, while Romania and Bulgaria were more than 50% below the average. ...
DOC - Europa.eu
... and 25% lower. Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Hungary and Latvia were between 30% and 40% lower than the average, while Romania and Bulgaria were more than 50% below the average. ...
... and 25% lower. Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Hungary and Latvia were between 30% and 40% lower than the average, while Romania and Bulgaria were more than 50% below the average. ...
About the ICP and PPPs
... compile expenditure weights, and participate in regional and global workshops and training. PPP estimates for non-benchmark countries are processed separately, with their price levels estimated by regressions ran on the benchmark countries. Once PPPs are estimated for both benchmark and non-benchmar ...
... compile expenditure weights, and participate in regional and global workshops and training. PPP estimates for non-benchmark countries are processed separately, with their price levels estimated by regressions ran on the benchmark countries. Once PPPs are estimated for both benchmark and non-benchmar ...
Foundations of the future What is holding back business investment in
... When a company makes an investment in a new market many factors feed into the decision. Some of these factors are beyond the reach of policymakers. For example, the size of a domestic population, the presence of natural resources and the geographic location are important considerations that governme ...
... When a company makes an investment in a new market many factors feed into the decision. Some of these factors are beyond the reach of policymakers. For example, the size of a domestic population, the presence of natural resources and the geographic location are important considerations that governme ...
Outline - EMIT Project
... academic literature and popular media, especially in East Asia. After decades of rapid growth, a number of middle-income countries have been experiencing wage increases, thereby compromising their competitiveness in the high-volume, low value-added segment of manufacturing exports. However, transiti ...
... academic literature and popular media, especially in East Asia. After decades of rapid growth, a number of middle-income countries have been experiencing wage increases, thereby compromising their competitiveness in the high-volume, low value-added segment of manufacturing exports. However, transiti ...
The Global Financial Crisis: Impact on Asia and Policy Challenges Ahead
... that business cycles in the key economies in Asia have been increasingly driven by common rather than idiosyncratic shocks. Based on a data set of 10 Asian economies excluding Japan, we find that most countries in the sample experienced a decline in the variability of the idiosyncratic component rel ...
... that business cycles in the key economies in Asia have been increasingly driven by common rather than idiosyncratic shocks. Based on a data set of 10 Asian economies excluding Japan, we find that most countries in the sample experienced a decline in the variability of the idiosyncratic component rel ...
external economic policy
... Asia and G20 provided opportunities for discussions between advanced and developing countries. In order to encourage sustainable growth in emerging economies through its experience with OECD, shouldn’t Japan encourage closer cooperation between OECD and ERIA / G20? Looking for ways of cooperation ...
... Asia and G20 provided opportunities for discussions between advanced and developing countries. In order to encourage sustainable growth in emerging economies through its experience with OECD, shouldn’t Japan encourage closer cooperation between OECD and ERIA / G20? Looking for ways of cooperation ...
Why the West Became Rich before China and Why China Has
... became developed countries. In recent decades, a similar process is underway in Southeast Asia and China. Together with the recent acceleration of growth of India and some other developing countries, it could mean that we have reached a tipping point in the Great Divergence and that from now on, the ...
... became developed countries. In recent decades, a similar process is underway in Southeast Asia and China. Together with the recent acceleration of growth of India and some other developing countries, it could mean that we have reached a tipping point in the Great Divergence and that from now on, the ...
South African Trade Policy and the Future Global Trading Environment
... S A I I A O C C A S I O N A L PA P E R N U M B E R 12 8 ...
... S A I I A O C C A S I O N A L PA P E R N U M B E R 12 8 ...
South African Trade Policy and the Future Global Trading Environment f
... S A I I A O C C A S I O N A L PA P E R N U M B E R 12 8 ...
... S A I I A O C C A S I O N A L PA P E R N U M B E R 12 8 ...
Why the West Became Rich before China and Why China Has Been
... How the West Got Rich: Literature Review Before 1500, all countries had roughly the same GDP per capita (about $500 in 1985 prices—Maddison, 1995), but by 1900, the gap between the groups of countries that are now ...
... How the West Got Rich: Literature Review Before 1500, all countries had roughly the same GDP per capita (about $500 in 1985 prices—Maddison, 1995), but by 1900, the gap between the groups of countries that are now ...
- Statcan.gc.ca
... per capita and actual individual consumption (AIC) per capita. The purpose of the ICP is to compare price and actual spending levels of GDP, including its components, using purchasing power parities (PPPs) between participating countries. The program is the result of a statistical partnership establ ...
... per capita and actual individual consumption (AIC) per capita. The purpose of the ICP is to compare price and actual spending levels of GDP, including its components, using purchasing power parities (PPPs) between participating countries. The program is the result of a statistical partnership establ ...
India and the Eurozone: A Commentary on the Political Economy of
... economy country policies of the 2000s on developing countries through transmission effects in international trade. This was in keeping with the mainstream trade model that regarded the trade balance as a measure of competitiveness of national economies, and therefore regarded a fall in financial and ...
... economy country policies of the 2000s on developing countries through transmission effects in international trade. This was in keeping with the mainstream trade model that regarded the trade balance as a measure of competitiveness of national economies, and therefore regarded a fall in financial and ...
Emerging Market Economies, Macroeconomic Policy Coordination
... financial regulations are two obvious examples of public goods and the presence externalities. Macroeconomic policy coordination through the G-20 clearly provides a good case on how a group of nations can try to solve global problems together. ...
... financial regulations are two obvious examples of public goods and the presence externalities. Macroeconomic policy coordination through the G-20 clearly provides a good case on how a group of nations can try to solve global problems together. ...
BRICS: South Africa`s way ahead? Summary
... noticing the influence on the structure of the world economy of the BRICs. Their role in the global arena, from an economic and political perspective, has raised concern in the developed world about the manner in which their influence is shaping or shifting the balance of power. Concerns about the i ...
... noticing the influence on the structure of the world economy of the BRICs. Their role in the global arena, from an economic and political perspective, has raised concern in the developed world about the manner in which their influence is shaping or shifting the balance of power. Concerns about the i ...
Interim EO September 2016 - handout
... Source: OECD Business and Finance Outlook 2016; Thomson Reuters; Bloomberg; US Federal Reserve; Bank of Japan; UK Debt Management Office; ECB; and OECD calculations. ...
... Source: OECD Business and Finance Outlook 2016; Thomson Reuters; Bloomberg; US Federal Reserve; Bank of Japan; UK Debt Management Office; ECB; and OECD calculations. ...
TERRITORIAL COOPERATION WITH NEIGHBOURHOOD
... improve connectivity, facilitate mobility, obtain energy efficiency and reduce costs Strategic projects of economic and political importance in energy, infrastructure and ICT to be initiated, continued, finalized and implemented in the neighbourhood Neigbourhood as a source of human flows, students, ...
... improve connectivity, facilitate mobility, obtain energy efficiency and reduce costs Strategic projects of economic and political importance in energy, infrastructure and ICT to be initiated, continued, finalized and implemented in the neighbourhood Neigbourhood as a source of human flows, students, ...
The Rise and Fall of Export-led Growth
... production and diverting new investment, that benefits emerging market economies by creating jobs, transferring technology, and relieving balance of payments constraints on growth. However, these economies do not own the industrialization process as was the case in stages I and II. Third, it does co ...
... production and diverting new investment, that benefits emerging market economies by creating jobs, transferring technology, and relieving balance of payments constraints on growth. However, these economies do not own the industrialization process as was the case in stages I and II. Third, it does co ...
Business Environment
... developing countries Environmental damage – developing countries, rich in natural resources, but with weak institutional framework suffer from environmental damage ...
... developing countries Environmental damage – developing countries, rich in natural resources, but with weak institutional framework suffer from environmental damage ...
Import substitution industrialization as learning process: Sub
... countries specialized in the production of ―primary‖ (agricultural, mineral, forests) products. In this way, it was reasoned, different countries specialize in the production of those commodities with which each enjoys a ―comparative advantage‖ i.e. an abundant resource or factor endowment (e.g. lab ...
... countries specialized in the production of ―primary‖ (agricultural, mineral, forests) products. In this way, it was reasoned, different countries specialize in the production of those commodities with which each enjoys a ―comparative advantage‖ i.e. an abundant resource or factor endowment (e.g. lab ...
Student Study Guide for Chapter 14
... 13. False. Poorly planned or misguided development projects may lead to waste or even harm. 14. False. While natural resources are generally very important, there are some economies with few natural resources that have done very well (e.g. Hong Kong and Singapore, which are natural ports but have li ...
... 13. False. Poorly planned or misguided development projects may lead to waste or even harm. 14. False. While natural resources are generally very important, there are some economies with few natural resources that have done very well (e.g. Hong Kong and Singapore, which are natural ports but have li ...
A dominant recessive trend and ... main implications of the current technological trajectories
... Some evidence from the U.S. and the UK •MIT's Supply Chain Forum of Innovation: 33% of firms with overseas production, considered returning to the U.S., 15% had already made the decision (2012). •Boston Consulting Group: “Made in America, Again. Why Manufacturing will Return to the U.S.”, 2011 •UK ...
... Some evidence from the U.S. and the UK •MIT's Supply Chain Forum of Innovation: 33% of firms with overseas production, considered returning to the U.S., 15% had already made the decision (2012). •Boston Consulting Group: “Made in America, Again. Why Manufacturing will Return to the U.S.”, 2011 •UK ...
SALT trends Economic power balance shifting to developing
... countries will impact a business’s domestic and global incentives function In this article, we explore how the shift in economic power from developed to developing countries may impact a business’s domestic and global incentives function. The shift in global economic power from developed to developi ...
... countries will impact a business’s domestic and global incentives function In this article, we explore how the shift in economic power from developed to developing countries may impact a business’s domestic and global incentives function. The shift in global economic power from developed to developi ...
States and Economic Development
... performance. Unlike in cohesive-capitalist states, however, public authority in these states tends to be more fragmented and to rest on a broader class alliance—meaning that these states are not in a position to define their goals as narrowly or pursue them as effectively as are cohesive-capitalist ...
... performance. Unlike in cohesive-capitalist states, however, public authority in these states tends to be more fragmented and to rest on a broader class alliance—meaning that these states are not in a position to define their goals as narrowly or pursue them as effectively as are cohesive-capitalist ...
BRIC
In economics, BRIC is a grouping acronym that refers to the countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China, which are all deemed to be at a similar stage of newly advanced economic development. It is typically rendered as ""the BRICs"" or ""the BRIC countries"" or ""the BRIC economies"" or alternatively as the ""Big Four"". A related acronym, BRICS, includes South Africa.The acronym was coined in 2001 by Jim O'Neill from investment bank Goldman Sachs in a paper entitled ""Building Better Global Economic BRICs."" The acronym has come into widespread use as a symbol of the apparent shift in global economic power away from the developed G7 economies towards the developing world.Projections on the future power of the BRIC economies vary widely. Some sources suggest that they might overtake the G7 economies by 2027. More modestly, Goldman Sachs has argued that, although the four BRIC countries are developing rapidly, it was only by 2050 that their combined economies could eclipse the combined economies of the current richest countries of the world.In 2010, however, while the four BRIC countries accounted for over a quarter of the world's land area and more than 40% of the world's population, they accounted for only one-quarter of the world gross national income.According to a paper published in 2005, Mexico and South Korea were the only other countries comparable to the BRICs, but their economies were excluded initially because they were considered already more developed, as they were already members of the OECD. The same creator of the term ""BRIC"" endorsed the term MINT, that includes Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey.Goldman Sachs did not argue that the BRICs would organize themselves into an economic bloc, or a formal trading association, as the European Union has done. However, there are some indications that the ""four BRIC countries have been seeking to form a 'political club' or 'alliance'"", and thereby converting ""their growing economic power into greater geopolitical clout"". On June 16, 2009, the leaders of the BRIC countries held their first summit in Yekaterinburg, and issued a declaration calling for the establishment of an equitable, democratic and multipolar world order. Since then they have met in Brasília in 2010, met in Sanya, on China's Hainan Island in 2011 and in New Delhi, India, in 2012.Some other developing countries that have not yet reached the N-11 economic level, such as South Africa, aspired to BRIC status.South Africa was subsequently successful in joining the bloc, despite the fact that economists at the Reuters 2011 Investment Outlook Summit dismissed the prospects of South African success. Jim O'Neill, for example, told the summit that South Africa, at a population of under 50 million people, was just too small an economy to join the BRIC ranks. However, after the BRIC countries formed a political organization among themselves, they later expanded to include South Africa, becoming the BRICS.Several of the more developed of the N-11 countries, in particular Turkey, Mexico, Indonesia and South Korea, were seen as the most likely contenders to the BRICs.In recent years, the BRICs have received increasing scholarly attention. Brazilian political economist Marcos Prado Troyjo and French investment banker Christian Déséglise founded the BRICLab at Columbia University, a Forum examining the strategic, political and economic consequences of the rise of BRIC countries, especially by analyzing their projects for power, prosperity and prestige through graduate courses, special sessions with guest speakers, Executive Education programs, and annual conferences for policymakers, business and academic leaders, and students.