Supporting Information
... reaction, oxidized flavin mononucleotide (FMN) is reduced by two electrons to FMNH2. Molecular oxygen restores the flavin to the fully oxidized state in vitro; in vivo, the oxidant remains unknown. (B) ClustalW alignment of ⬇30 SagB orthologs (includes S. dysgalactiae). Because of divergence at the ...
... reaction, oxidized flavin mononucleotide (FMN) is reduced by two electrons to FMNH2. Molecular oxygen restores the flavin to the fully oxidized state in vitro; in vivo, the oxidant remains unknown. (B) ClustalW alignment of ⬇30 SagB orthologs (includes S. dysgalactiae). Because of divergence at the ...
Definition and classification of the cardiomyopathies
... Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of diseases of the myocardium associated with mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction that usually (but not invariably) exhibit inappropriate ventricular hypertrophy or dilatation and are due to a variety of causes that frequently are genetic. Cardiomyopat ...
... Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of diseases of the myocardium associated with mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction that usually (but not invariably) exhibit inappropriate ventricular hypertrophy or dilatation and are due to a variety of causes that frequently are genetic. Cardiomyopat ...
CHIP controls necroptosis through ubiquitylation
... mouse embryonic fibroblasts and CHIP-depleted L929 and HT-29 cells exhibited higher levels of RIPK3 expression, resulting in increased sensitivity to necroptosis induced by TNF (also known as TNFα). These phenomena are due to the CHIP-mediated ubiquitylation of RIPK3, which leads to its lysosomal de ...
... mouse embryonic fibroblasts and CHIP-depleted L929 and HT-29 cells exhibited higher levels of RIPK3 expression, resulting in increased sensitivity to necroptosis induced by TNF (also known as TNFα). These phenomena are due to the CHIP-mediated ubiquitylation of RIPK3, which leads to its lysosomal de ...
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS WORKSHEET
... PART A. Read the following and take notes on your paper: Protein synthesis is the process used by the body to make proteins. The first step of protein synthesis is called Transcription. It occurs in the nucleus. During transcription, mRNA transcribes (copies) DNA. DNA is “unzipped” and the mRNA stra ...
... PART A. Read the following and take notes on your paper: Protein synthesis is the process used by the body to make proteins. The first step of protein synthesis is called Transcription. It occurs in the nucleus. During transcription, mRNA transcribes (copies) DNA. DNA is “unzipped” and the mRNA stra ...
Glowing Fish (and other uses for green fluorescent protein)
... requiring only oxygen to complete its synthesis. In this way a single protein acts as both substrate and enzyme. Other natural pigments require multiple enzymes for their production. Biotechnology has taken advantage of this unique feature of GFP, putting it to use as an in vivo marker of gene expre ...
... requiring only oxygen to complete its synthesis. In this way a single protein acts as both substrate and enzyme. Other natural pigments require multiple enzymes for their production. Biotechnology has taken advantage of this unique feature of GFP, putting it to use as an in vivo marker of gene expre ...
Seminars: Molecular and cellular biophysics WS04/05
... Proteins provide the building blocks for multicomponent molecular units, or pathways, from which higher cellular functions emerge. These units consist of either assemblies of physically interacting proteins or dispersed biochemical activities connected by rapidly diffusing second messengers, metabol ...
... Proteins provide the building blocks for multicomponent molecular units, or pathways, from which higher cellular functions emerge. These units consist of either assemblies of physically interacting proteins or dispersed biochemical activities connected by rapidly diffusing second messengers, metabol ...
Breakfast of Champions
... is made up of a mixture of proteins that include betalactoglobulin, alphalactalbumin, bovine serum albumen and immunoglobulins. These proteins are involved in regulating a number of genes involved with protein synthesis and other metabolic pathways. ...
... is made up of a mixture of proteins that include betalactoglobulin, alphalactalbumin, bovine serum albumen and immunoglobulins. These proteins are involved in regulating a number of genes involved with protein synthesis and other metabolic pathways. ...
Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-binding proteins related to the short circuit
... 1989). On the other hand, incubation of unstacked thylakoids with (cHxN),C shows no influence on the protonic reactions in photosystem 11. This behaviour is independent of the stacking conditions during flash spectrophotometricmeasurements of the proton-pumping activity. [ 14C](cHxN),C binds to seve ...
... 1989). On the other hand, incubation of unstacked thylakoids with (cHxN),C shows no influence on the protonic reactions in photosystem 11. This behaviour is independent of the stacking conditions during flash spectrophotometricmeasurements of the proton-pumping activity. [ 14C](cHxN),C binds to seve ...
3-20
... • Basic, living, structural and functional unit of the body – compartmentalization of chemical reactions within specialized structures – regulate inflow & outflow of materials – use genetic material to direct cell activities ...
... • Basic, living, structural and functional unit of the body – compartmentalization of chemical reactions within specialized structures – regulate inflow & outflow of materials – use genetic material to direct cell activities ...
Diverse Biological Functions of Small GTP-Binding Proteins in Yeast.
... to detect the analogous proteins between even the most widely divergent species more readily than they detect other members of the small GTP-binding family, such as the p21 RAS proteins, within the same species. The YPT1 gene product is thus implicated in an early intracellular step in secretion or ...
... to detect the analogous proteins between even the most widely divergent species more readily than they detect other members of the small GTP-binding family, such as the p21 RAS proteins, within the same species. The YPT1 gene product is thus implicated in an early intracellular step in secretion or ...
Mesoderm induction
... - ectopic expression of nodal on right side randomizes location of the heart - nodal is involved in determining left-right asymmetry in mice, frogs, chicken & zebrafish ...
... - ectopic expression of nodal on right side randomizes location of the heart - nodal is involved in determining left-right asymmetry in mice, frogs, chicken & zebrafish ...
Steps of Translation
... 2. A tRNA carrying an amino acid approaches 3. The Anticodon on the tRNA pairs with codon 4. The tRNA drops off it’s amino acid 5. An enzyme forms a peptide bond between amino acids 6. This process continues to form a protein until a STOP codon is reached and then the new protein is released. ...
... 2. A tRNA carrying an amino acid approaches 3. The Anticodon on the tRNA pairs with codon 4. The tRNA drops off it’s amino acid 5. An enzyme forms a peptide bond between amino acids 6. This process continues to form a protein until a STOP codon is reached and then the new protein is released. ...
CHAPTER 24
... used to identify the locations of genes on chromosomes. This technique can also be used to locate gene products within oocytes, embryos, and larvae. For this reason, it has been commonly used by developmental geneticists to understand the expression patterns of genes during development. The photogra ...
... used to identify the locations of genes on chromosomes. This technique can also be used to locate gene products within oocytes, embryos, and larvae. For this reason, it has been commonly used by developmental geneticists to understand the expression patterns of genes during development. The photogra ...
This tutorial covers only the most basic implementation of
... ordering of hits for the spectrum (Figure 2). Other attributes include chargeState, calculatedMassToCharge and experimentalMassToCharge. SpectrumIdentificationItem captures the scores associated with the identification, such as e-values or ion score, using controlled vocabulary parameters, sourced f ...
... ordering of hits for the spectrum (Figure 2). Other attributes include chargeState, calculatedMassToCharge and experimentalMassToCharge. SpectrumIdentificationItem captures the scores associated with the identification, such as e-values or ion score, using controlled vocabulary parameters, sourced f ...
Document
... copied into mRNA molecule • Translation: ribosomes translate mRNA into protein— a chain of amino acids • Proteins control phenotype. How? ...
... copied into mRNA molecule • Translation: ribosomes translate mRNA into protein— a chain of amino acids • Proteins control phenotype. How? ...
From Gene to Protein
... copied into mRNA molecule • Translation: ribosomes translate mRNA into protein— a chain of amino acids • Proteins control phenotype. How? ...
... copied into mRNA molecule • Translation: ribosomes translate mRNA into protein— a chain of amino acids • Proteins control phenotype. How? ...
Powerpoint file - Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity
... a database of the sequences of these proteins, based on the increasing number of pathogen genomes which have been, or are currently being, sequenced. Candidate functions identified by our informatics approach will be tested in the laboratory (see flow chart) to investigate their role in pathogen inf ...
... a database of the sequences of these proteins, based on the increasing number of pathogen genomes which have been, or are currently being, sequenced. Candidate functions identified by our informatics approach will be tested in the laboratory (see flow chart) to investigate their role in pathogen inf ...
03 131 Exam III – F2015 Name:_________________________
... Choice A: A protein can either be released as a soluble protein by the cell or anchored in its cell membrane. What are the common features of these two proteins and how do they differ? Choice B: How is the release of glucose from glycogen controlled by the hormone glucagon under conditions of low bl ...
... Choice A: A protein can either be released as a soluble protein by the cell or anchored in its cell membrane. What are the common features of these two proteins and how do they differ? Choice B: How is the release of glucose from glycogen controlled by the hormone glucagon under conditions of low bl ...
Carbohydrate Fans
... What are the common two-ring sugars? Where is each one found? What are the common large carbohydrates? Where? How and where are carbohydrates broken down (metabolized)? Why are sugars fast energy? Which sugars are the fastest? Explain the difference between fruit/candy/bread in terms of athletic per ...
... What are the common two-ring sugars? Where is each one found? What are the common large carbohydrates? Where? How and where are carbohydrates broken down (metabolized)? Why are sugars fast energy? Which sugars are the fastest? Explain the difference between fruit/candy/bread in terms of athletic per ...
Sample abstract
... various fish species (e.g. salmonids and cod). The exoprotease, AsaP1, is one of its main virulence factors, which induces all the pathology of atypical furunculosis when it is injected in its pure form into salmon. The AsaP1 encoding gene has been cloned and expressed in E. coli and an AsaP1 negati ...
... various fish species (e.g. salmonids and cod). The exoprotease, AsaP1, is one of its main virulence factors, which induces all the pathology of atypical furunculosis when it is injected in its pure form into salmon. The AsaP1 encoding gene has been cloned and expressed in E. coli and an AsaP1 negati ...
Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions – Brooker et al ARIS site
... Answer: The first observation was the presence of some bacterial strains that had constitutive expression of the lac operon. Normally, the genes are only expressed when lactose is present. These mutant strains expressed the genes all the time. The researchers also observed that some of these strains ...
... Answer: The first observation was the presence of some bacterial strains that had constitutive expression of the lac operon. Normally, the genes are only expressed when lactose is present. These mutant strains expressed the genes all the time. The researchers also observed that some of these strains ...
(PowerPoint) Southeast 2012 - Yale Center for Teaching and Learning
... • Option 1: Given that we still can’t distinguish between the models, design an experiment to help answer the question of what causes color variation in Bulldog lizards. Be ready to share your experimental design in the next class period. • Option 2: We learned that a mutation in B-52 leads to lower ...
... • Option 1: Given that we still can’t distinguish between the models, design an experiment to help answer the question of what causes color variation in Bulldog lizards. Be ready to share your experimental design in the next class period. • Option 2: We learned that a mutation in B-52 leads to lower ...
Nucleotide Sequence Databases
... • REFERENCE: credits author(s) who initially determined the sequence; includes ...
... • REFERENCE: credits author(s) who initially determined the sequence; includes ...
source file
... the membrane, outside the cell, or in the cytoplasm Ex: If probability >0.75, then result is significant. The maximum probability is 1, so the probability that amino acids #1-#20 are “inside” is 100% ...
... the membrane, outside the cell, or in the cytoplasm Ex: If probability >0.75, then result is significant. The maximum probability is 1, so the probability that amino acids #1-#20 are “inside” is 100% ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.