The Volvox glsA gene - Development
... divisions at the sixth, seventh and eighth cleavage cycles (Fig. 4A). In contrast, glsA transcript levels were low in somatic cells throughout the life cycle. (The small peak seen in the somatic sample at the time glsA transcript is maximally abundant in embryos (Fig. 4A) could be accounted for if t ...
... divisions at the sixth, seventh and eighth cleavage cycles (Fig. 4A). In contrast, glsA transcript levels were low in somatic cells throughout the life cycle. (The small peak seen in the somatic sample at the time glsA transcript is maximally abundant in embryos (Fig. 4A) could be accounted for if t ...
Document
... • Produced a phylogenetic trees for every family and used maximum likelihood to estimate the relative rate values in the rate matrix (overall lnL over 182 different trees) – Better fit of the model with most data (significant improvement of the tree lnL when compared to PAM or JTT matrices) ...
... • Produced a phylogenetic trees for every family and used maximum likelihood to estimate the relative rate values in the rate matrix (overall lnL over 182 different trees) – Better fit of the model with most data (significant improvement of the tree lnL when compared to PAM or JTT matrices) ...
19 Cell Signaling 10 17 05
... the ER (down their concentration gradient), raising the Ca2+ level in the cytosol. ...
... the ER (down their concentration gradient), raising the Ca2+ level in the cytosol. ...
Protein folding
... that transiently associate with newly synthesized proteins and promote their folding. • Misfolded proteins are retained and subsequently degraded by the ER-associated degradation. • Protein misfolding is the cause of several genetic diseases. • Chemical chaperones are small molecules that bind to a ...
... that transiently associate with newly synthesized proteins and promote their folding. • Misfolded proteins are retained and subsequently degraded by the ER-associated degradation. • Protein misfolding is the cause of several genetic diseases. • Chemical chaperones are small molecules that bind to a ...
Optimization of Ammonium Sulfate Concentration for Purification of
... to soft leaf tissue (Jamal et al., 2009, 2012; Song et al., 2015). The tumor-associated antigen GA733, a glycoprotein that is highly expressed on the cell-surface of colorectal carcinomas, has previously been fused with the human immunoglobulin Fc fragment carrying the ER retention sequence, to prod ...
... to soft leaf tissue (Jamal et al., 2009, 2012; Song et al., 2015). The tumor-associated antigen GA733, a glycoprotein that is highly expressed on the cell-surface of colorectal carcinomas, has previously been fused with the human immunoglobulin Fc fragment carrying the ER retention sequence, to prod ...
The origin of the eukaryotic cell: A genomic investigation
... This finding would imply that the proteins involved in phagocytosis, endocytosis, and the calcium ion control system (mod1422 兩 www.pnas.org兾cgi兾doi兾10.1073兾pnas.032658599 ...
... This finding would imply that the proteins involved in phagocytosis, endocytosis, and the calcium ion control system (mod1422 兩 www.pnas.org兾cgi兾doi兾10.1073兾pnas.032658599 ...
Clox, a mammalian homeobox gene related to Drosophila cut
... mammalian homeoprotein that is closely related to Cut and CDP, named Clox (for Cut-like homeobox). Clox contains the three diagnostic internal cut repeats and a homeodomain that is more closely related to that of Cut and CDP than to other homeoproteins. Clox comprises a family of nuclear proteins th ...
... mammalian homeoprotein that is closely related to Cut and CDP, named Clox (for Cut-like homeobox). Clox contains the three diagnostic internal cut repeats and a homeodomain that is more closely related to that of Cut and CDP than to other homeoproteins. Clox comprises a family of nuclear proteins th ...
Mutations within the propeptide, the primary cleavage site or the
... domain containing the Asp-His-Ser catalytic triad which is characteristic of serine proteases ; (4) a P-domain (amino acids 415–569) which is conserved among members of the family ; and (5) a C-terminal hydrophobic sequence (amino acids 592–613). Two mutants were made which from previous studies [24 ...
... domain containing the Asp-His-Ser catalytic triad which is characteristic of serine proteases ; (4) a P-domain (amino acids 415–569) which is conserved among members of the family ; and (5) a C-terminal hydrophobic sequence (amino acids 592–613). Two mutants were made which from previous studies [24 ...
Chapter 17
... At the same time that Jacob & Monod were doing their work, Englesberg, et. al. were studying The regulation of the arabinose (ara) operon of E. coli. They found that instead of being regulated with a negative control mechanism as seen in the lac operon, the ara operon was primarily under Positive co ...
... At the same time that Jacob & Monod were doing their work, Englesberg, et. al. were studying The regulation of the arabinose (ara) operon of E. coli. They found that instead of being regulated with a negative control mechanism as seen in the lac operon, the ara operon was primarily under Positive co ...
Evolving Theories of Enzyme Evolution
... of 100 amino acids in a polypeptideby a series of 500 questions answered yes or no. Nevertheless, there is a paradox in that acquisition of new enzyme functions may require multiple amino acid substitutions and therefore may not be selectable step by step. The evolved @galactosidase was first discov ...
... of 100 amino acids in a polypeptideby a series of 500 questions answered yes or no. Nevertheless, there is a paradox in that acquisition of new enzyme functions may require multiple amino acid substitutions and therefore may not be selectable step by step. The evolved @galactosidase was first discov ...
Snímek 1
... sequester RNA binding proteins and lead to a loss of their normal function. For example, in myotonic dystrophy, CUG(G) expanded RNA transcripts sequester MBNL proteins from their normal splicing targets leading to a MBNL loss-of-function and alternative splicing dysregulation. The recent discovery o ...
... sequester RNA binding proteins and lead to a loss of their normal function. For example, in myotonic dystrophy, CUG(G) expanded RNA transcripts sequester MBNL proteins from their normal splicing targets leading to a MBNL loss-of-function and alternative splicing dysregulation. The recent discovery o ...
association of drg1 and drg2 with ribosomes from pea, arabidopsis
... kDa); smaller bands (possible degradation products) were seen only occasionally. DRG2 antibodies recognized bands with apparent molecular masses of 30, 43, and 45 kDa, which varied in abundance in different tissues. The predicted mass of DRG2 from pea and Arabidopsis is ;44.5 kDa. As will be demonst ...
... kDa); smaller bands (possible degradation products) were seen only occasionally. DRG2 antibodies recognized bands with apparent molecular masses of 30, 43, and 45 kDa, which varied in abundance in different tissues. The predicted mass of DRG2 from pea and Arabidopsis is ;44.5 kDa. As will be demonst ...
(2016) Target selection during protein quality control. Trends
... produced by ribosomes that have stalled during translation elongation. ...
... produced by ribosomes that have stalled during translation elongation. ...
H - Free
... Between charged groups on the biological receptor and oppositely charged groups on the transducer surface. These are mainly used for immobilisation of DNA. 3.2 Physical adsorption to the surface Many materials (e.g. glass, gold, silica gel) adsorb proteins on their surfaces. No reagents are required ...
... Between charged groups on the biological receptor and oppositely charged groups on the transducer surface. These are mainly used for immobilisation of DNA. 3.2 Physical adsorption to the surface Many materials (e.g. glass, gold, silica gel) adsorb proteins on their surfaces. No reagents are required ...
Official pGLO GFP powerpoint Spring 2005
... • Laboratory extensions • Real-world connections • Link to careers and industry ...
... • Laboratory extensions • Real-world connections • Link to careers and industry ...
Gene Section MIER1 (mesoderm induction early response 1 homolog (Xenopus laevis))
... termini. Transcription from the P1 promoter produces proteins that either begin with M-L- or with the sequence encoded by exon 3A (MFMFNWFTDCLWTLFLSNYQ). Transcription from the P2 promoter produces a protein that begins with M-A-E-. The variant N-termini of the MIER1 isoforms are followed by common ...
... termini. Transcription from the P1 promoter produces proteins that either begin with M-L- or with the sequence encoded by exon 3A (MFMFNWFTDCLWTLFLSNYQ). Transcription from the P2 promoter produces a protein that begins with M-A-E-. The variant N-termini of the MIER1 isoforms are followed by common ...
Gene Section MSF (MLL septin-like fusion) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... Binding of Cdc12p to the mating hormone induced Afr1p and of Cdc10p to the chitin associated Bni4p, suggests roles for septins in determining the site of fusion in yeast in chitin deposition, respectively. Identification of interacting proteins implicates yeast septins in cell cycle regulation based ...
... Binding of Cdc12p to the mating hormone induced Afr1p and of Cdc10p to the chitin associated Bni4p, suggests roles for septins in determining the site of fusion in yeast in chitin deposition, respectively. Identification of interacting proteins implicates yeast septins in cell cycle regulation based ...
Alight-inducible organelle targeting system for dynamically
... localization and that the presence of the fusion protein did not alter cell doubling time. Following these assays, nine PhyB-mCherry-anchor fusions targeting eight different locations displayed good behavior (Figure 1C), and the other 11 strains were eliminated because of growth defects or failure o ...
... localization and that the presence of the fusion protein did not alter cell doubling time. Following these assays, nine PhyB-mCherry-anchor fusions targeting eight different locations displayed good behavior (Figure 1C), and the other 11 strains were eliminated because of growth defects or failure o ...
Intracellular Protein Degradation
... dehydrogenase (G6PD) is 15 hours (for review articles, see, for example, Refs. 13,14). Also, rates of degradation of many proteins was shown to change with changing physiological conditions, such as availability of nutrients or hormones. It was conceptually difficult to reconcile the findings of dis ...
... dehydrogenase (G6PD) is 15 hours (for review articles, see, for example, Refs. 13,14). Also, rates of degradation of many proteins was shown to change with changing physiological conditions, such as availability of nutrients or hormones. It was conceptually difficult to reconcile the findings of dis ...
Science - Iowa State University
... Return of the Matrix A few cell biologists are trying to convince skeptics that they have missed a molecular matrix that helps a dividing cell move its chromosomes around It’s tough to get money to study something that most biologists doubt exists. Kristen Johansen of Iowa State University in Ames l ...
... Return of the Matrix A few cell biologists are trying to convince skeptics that they have missed a molecular matrix that helps a dividing cell move its chromosomes around It’s tough to get money to study something that most biologists doubt exists. Kristen Johansen of Iowa State University in Ames l ...
21 О О О Termination of Polypeptide Synthesis Requires a Stop
... AND TARGETING Some proteins emerge from the ribosome ready to function, while others undergo a variety of posttranslational modifications. These alterations may result in conversion to a functional form, direction to a specific subcellular compartment, secretion from the cell, or an alteration in ac ...
... AND TARGETING Some proteins emerge from the ribosome ready to function, while others undergo a variety of posttranslational modifications. These alterations may result in conversion to a functional form, direction to a specific subcellular compartment, secretion from the cell, or an alteration in ac ...
Parallel Geometric Hashing Algorithm for Protein Tertiary Structure
... (iii) Gather results from slaves and announce who is the protein tertiary structure winner. Reference frames in the query are assigned to slave nodes based on a number of reference frames (i.e. if we have 20 reference frames, in three nodes (1 master, 2 slaves), master sends hash table and 10 refere ...
... (iii) Gather results from slaves and announce who is the protein tertiary structure winner. Reference frames in the query are assigned to slave nodes based on a number of reference frames (i.e. if we have 20 reference frames, in three nodes (1 master, 2 slaves), master sends hash table and 10 refere ...
TALKING POINT The origin of the eukaryotic cell
... (a) Sequence signatures in the hsp70 protein family showing the relatedness of eukaryotic cytosolic homologs to the Gram-negative eubacteria. The letters A, E, N, P and 0 refer to sequences from archaebacteria (A), eukaryotes (cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum; E), Gram-negative bacteria (N), Gram ...
... (a) Sequence signatures in the hsp70 protein family showing the relatedness of eukaryotic cytosolic homologs to the Gram-negative eubacteria. The letters A, E, N, P and 0 refer to sequences from archaebacteria (A), eukaryotes (cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum; E), Gram-negative bacteria (N), Gram ...
ppt - University of Connecticut
... No. The ancestor of red algae and green plants is much older than insects. 2. Chlamydiae acquired plant-like genes via Acanthamoeba hosts (Stephens et al. 1999; Wolf et al. 1999; Ortutay et al. 2003). No. All these genes are of bacterial origin. The direction of gene transfer is from bacteria to euk ...
... No. The ancestor of red algae and green plants is much older than insects. 2. Chlamydiae acquired plant-like genes via Acanthamoeba hosts (Stephens et al. 1999; Wolf et al. 1999; Ortutay et al. 2003). No. All these genes are of bacterial origin. The direction of gene transfer is from bacteria to euk ...
Choosing between pathogenicity and saprophytism: A case study
... reduced virulence in the presence of quinic acid, a phenolic compound from composted plant materials. To identify molecular mechanisms associated with quinic acid induced hypovirulence, a subtracted cDNA library was constructed from Rhs 1AP that had been made hypovirulent by the application of exoge ...
... reduced virulence in the presence of quinic acid, a phenolic compound from composted plant materials. To identify molecular mechanisms associated with quinic acid induced hypovirulence, a subtracted cDNA library was constructed from Rhs 1AP that had been made hypovirulent by the application of exoge ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.