Thesis edit2 - University of Tilburg
... ourselves, it is not novel. Over time, many philosophers and scientists have asked themselves the very same question. Biologists have tried to find answers in the search for a moral faculty in the brain (see e.g. Dwyer, 1999; Mikhail, 2000), moral psychologists have targeted (out of many) convention ...
... ourselves, it is not novel. Over time, many philosophers and scientists have asked themselves the very same question. Biologists have tried to find answers in the search for a moral faculty in the brain (see e.g. Dwyer, 1999; Mikhail, 2000), moral psychologists have targeted (out of many) convention ...
Evolution and moral naturalism - Victoria University of Wellington
... self-appraisals, but rather in virtue of producing self-appraisals that benefit the agent’s physical and/or psychological well-being. Most nativist hypotheses suggest that moral thinking evolved because it played a vital role in enhancing social cohesion. An individual who judges cheating her comrad ...
... self-appraisals, but rather in virtue of producing self-appraisals that benefit the agent’s physical and/or psychological well-being. Most nativist hypotheses suggest that moral thinking evolved because it played a vital role in enhancing social cohesion. An individual who judges cheating her comrad ...
The many moral nativisms - Victoria University of Wellington
... is psychologically altruistic if and only if it is motivated by an ultimate desire for the wellbeing of some other organism. A behavioral trait is evolutionarily altruistic if and only if it benefits another at some cost to the individual, where benefits and costs are understood in terms of reproduc ...
... is psychologically altruistic if and only if it is motivated by an ultimate desire for the wellbeing of some other organism. A behavioral trait is evolutionarily altruistic if and only if it benefits another at some cost to the individual, where benefits and costs are understood in terms of reproduc ...
Choosing from a Moral Point of View
... Choosing from a Moral Point of View “How could you possibly have done that?” says Sheila to her friend Betsy, “You really did the wrong thing.” “I don’t really know,” comes the answer. “I guess I just wasn’t thinking about it clearly; I didn’t have the right perspective on it.” Sheila is obviously ...
... Choosing from a Moral Point of View “How could you possibly have done that?” says Sheila to her friend Betsy, “You really did the wrong thing.” “I don’t really know,” comes the answer. “I guess I just wasn’t thinking about it clearly; I didn’t have the right perspective on it.” Sheila is obviously ...
Why Response-Dependence Theories of Morality are False
... Of course, one need not hold a Buddhist cosmology to be made sad by such atrocities. One might merely feel sadness or melancholy when confronted with such evidence of the human capacity for savagery, even if one doesn’t pity the murderers (as most of us would not). Or one might experience not sadnes ...
... Of course, one need not hold a Buddhist cosmology to be made sad by such atrocities. One might merely feel sadness or melancholy when confronted with such evidence of the human capacity for savagery, even if one doesn’t pity the murderers (as most of us would not). Or one might experience not sadnes ...
Is There Moral High Ground?
... we must relativize truth. The only other option is to accept both ours and the Taliban’s claims and conclude that there are true moral contradictions: it is both true and not true that it is good to educate women. Pace dialethism, we should assume that true moral contradictions are untenable. We may ...
... we must relativize truth. The only other option is to accept both ours and the Taliban’s claims and conclude that there are true moral contradictions: it is both true and not true that it is good to educate women. Pace dialethism, we should assume that true moral contradictions are untenable. We may ...
Does Moral Theory Corrupt Youth?
... moral beliefs, one’s evidence is ultimately supplied by moral intuitions, intellectual seemings that play the epistemic role of perceptual appearances, and that the “proportions” that one’s degrees of belief should bear to these appearances are fixed by permissible standards of coherence and of def ...
... moral beliefs, one’s evidence is ultimately supplied by moral intuitions, intellectual seemings that play the epistemic role of perceptual appearances, and that the “proportions” that one’s degrees of belief should bear to these appearances are fixed by permissible standards of coherence and of def ...
Good computing - St. Olaf College
... Weiss et al. (2002) provide an example of this complexity in the social and ME within which nurses practice and how insurance and governmental policies influence the ME. Overwhelmingly, they found that institutions influence employees’ basic conceptions of good, responsibility, and concern and that ...
... Weiss et al. (2002) provide an example of this complexity in the social and ME within which nurses practice and how insurance and governmental policies influence the ME. Overwhelmingly, they found that institutions influence employees’ basic conceptions of good, responsibility, and concern and that ...
dworkin on external skepticism
... that it is impermissible to terminate the life of people even if their futures will be miserable.8 But he is evidently an internal skeptic about these claims because, in arguing against them, he takes a non-skeptical attitude to a very general moral claim on which he depends to defend his views, nam ...
... that it is impermissible to terminate the life of people even if their futures will be miserable.8 But he is evidently an internal skeptic about these claims because, in arguing against them, he takes a non-skeptical attitude to a very general moral claim on which he depends to defend his views, nam ...
Draft of 6 January 2004
... same orientation each day. Young Lisa will observe two very regular sequences of events or dispositions of objects. But how, absent explicit instruction, will she learn to discriminate between the rule-governed behavior concerning recyclables and the merely accidental but regular placement of the c ...
... same orientation each day. Young Lisa will observe two very regular sequences of events or dispositions of objects. But how, absent explicit instruction, will she learn to discriminate between the rule-governed behavior concerning recyclables and the merely accidental but regular placement of the c ...
Rightness and Responsibility
... connection between morality and motivation. At its heart is the thesis that rightness and other moral considerations represent reasons for people to act in accordance with them. This thesis is a version of the position that is sometimes called “rationalism” in ethics; if it is true, then we can say ...
... connection between morality and motivation. At its heart is the thesis that rightness and other moral considerations represent reasons for people to act in accordance with them. This thesis is a version of the position that is sometimes called “rationalism” in ethics; if it is true, then we can say ...
A Plea for Moral Deference
... whom one might defer about what morality requires one to do. To generate that further conclusion, even for a given point in time, we would need to be shown that every ordinary person had developed his or her in principle equal epistemic capacities equally, i.e. to the same extent as everyone else (a ...
... whom one might defer about what morality requires one to do. To generate that further conclusion, even for a given point in time, we would need to be shown that every ordinary person had developed his or her in principle equal epistemic capacities equally, i.e. to the same extent as everyone else (a ...
Carving a Niche for Immoderate Moral Realism
... how much emphasis is placed on increasing understanding versus increasing proficiency will vary, depending on the field. It's not clear, for example, that the expert metaphysician can fulfill the proficiency requirement in any meaningful sense. Even the expert physicist, however, can play this role, ...
... how much emphasis is placed on increasing understanding versus increasing proficiency will vary, depending on the field. It's not clear, for example, that the expert metaphysician can fulfill the proficiency requirement in any meaningful sense. Even the expert physicist, however, can play this role, ...
Moral functioning as mediated action
... mediated action. Moral functioning is the higher psychological process (in Vygotsky’s terms) that a person invokes in order to respond to and resolve a specific problem, conflict or dilemma that requires a moral decision and a moral action – that is, when a person, like Karen, is faced with the ques ...
... mediated action. Moral functioning is the higher psychological process (in Vygotsky’s terms) that a person invokes in order to respond to and resolve a specific problem, conflict or dilemma that requires a moral decision and a moral action – that is, when a person, like Karen, is faced with the ques ...
Metaethical Principles, Meta-Prescriptions, and Moral Theories
... It is reasonable to construe the principles employed in the third method of refutation as metaethical since many of the critics of egoism try to show that that doctrine is not adequate because it is not a moral theory at all. But if we construe this method of refutation in this way, there are sever ...
... It is reasonable to construe the principles employed in the third method of refutation as metaethical since many of the critics of egoism try to show that that doctrine is not adequate because it is not a moral theory at all. But if we construe this method of refutation in this way, there are sever ...
MORAL INTUITION, MORAL THEORY, AND PRACTICAL ETHICS
... considerations may in fact have; but we are generally not overawed by the fact that these considerations have been identified as relevant by the theory. Their provenance in the theory fails to impress. One may even feel a certain puzzlement as to whether the norms and principles extracted from a mor ...
... considerations may in fact have; but we are generally not overawed by the fact that these considerations have been identified as relevant by the theory. Their provenance in the theory fails to impress. One may even feel a certain puzzlement as to whether the norms and principles extracted from a mor ...
Handout #2: Moral Motivation and Moral Semantics
... an attitude toward paying someone to murder innocent children, although this attitude would be conditional on the wrongness of murdering innocent children. It expresses no attitude toward ...
... an attitude toward paying someone to murder innocent children, although this attitude would be conditional on the wrongness of murdering innocent children. It expresses no attitude toward ...
Some Remarks on Moral Rules - Università degli Studi di Trieste
... but an action. So, the statement above should more correctly be translated into something like this: “if an act is prima facie a lie, this very fact makes it wrong.” This simple and seemingly trivial example reminds us that ethical reflection is always intended to be expressed as a kind of introduct ...
... but an action. So, the statement above should more correctly be translated into something like this: “if an act is prima facie a lie, this very fact makes it wrong.” This simple and seemingly trivial example reminds us that ethical reflection is always intended to be expressed as a kind of introduct ...
The Concept of Self-Identity and Moral Conflicts
... Taylor’s account of self-identity as constituted primarily by the self’s rational inwarddirected reflection on its desires and attachments. 2.2.2. Taylor and strong evaluation We have seen how Sandel attempts to establish the centrality of social conceptions of the good life to the individuals’ self ...
... Taylor’s account of self-identity as constituted primarily by the self’s rational inwarddirected reflection on its desires and attachments. 2.2.2. Taylor and strong evaluation We have seen how Sandel attempts to establish the centrality of social conceptions of the good life to the individuals’ self ...
The nature of moral judgments and the extent of the moral domain
... the moral domain, which he takes to include far more than the considerations of harm and fairness central to Joyce’s account. In response, I outline several strategies for reconciling Stich’s observations with Joyce’s account. Keywords: moral judgment; moral psychology; moral/conventional distinctio ...
... the moral domain, which he takes to include far more than the considerations of harm and fairness central to Joyce’s account. In response, I outline several strategies for reconciling Stich’s observations with Joyce’s account. Keywords: moral judgment; moral psychology; moral/conventional distinctio ...
Moral Disagreement among Philosophers Ralph Wedgwood 1. An
... have been decisively refuted by empirical investigations that are accessible to all educated people today. To that extent, even if Aristotle’s capacities for specifically moral thinking were in no way inferior to ours, he was deploying those capacities in significantly less favourable circumstances ...
... have been decisively refuted by empirical investigations that are accessible to all educated people today. To that extent, even if Aristotle’s capacities for specifically moral thinking were in no way inferior to ours, he was deploying those capacities in significantly less favourable circumstances ...
Dieter Birnbacher - Kultura i Wartości
... moral contexts, but also in non-moral ones. Thus, “good” does not only mean morally good but also instrumentally good (“a good knife”), aesthetic goodness (“a good performance of the Ninth Symphony”) or prudential goodness (“a two week’s holiday would be good for you”). “Right” can also refer to tec ...
... moral contexts, but also in non-moral ones. Thus, “good” does not only mean morally good but also instrumentally good (“a good knife”), aesthetic goodness (“a good performance of the Ninth Symphony”) or prudential goodness (“a two week’s holiday would be good for you”). “Right” can also refer to tec ...
Moral Psychology at the Crossroads
... trump the empirical claims of a theory. Kohlberg’s theory has been the recipient of much of this style of criticism, which Blasi calls “the mixed argument,” although it might also be, called “guilt by association.” So, according to this genre of criticism, Kohlberg’s theory can be safely dismissed b ...
... trump the empirical claims of a theory. Kohlberg’s theory has been the recipient of much of this style of criticism, which Blasi calls “the mixed argument,” although it might also be, called “guilt by association.” So, according to this genre of criticism, Kohlberg’s theory can be safely dismissed b ...
Relativism: Cognitive and Moral
... parasitic upon them. That is, where there are second-order native beliefs about what counts as true or valid or what counts as a good reason for holding a belief which are at odds with these basic principles, then those beliefs can only be rendered fully intelligible against the background of such p ...
... parasitic upon them. That is, where there are second-order native beliefs about what counts as true or valid or what counts as a good reason for holding a belief which are at odds with these basic principles, then those beliefs can only be rendered fully intelligible against the background of such p ...
Applied Moral Philosophy
... general claim from which it can be derived; and the same goes for limited general claims that are hemmed in by conditions. Describing reflective equilibrium method, John Rawls (1999) observed that in moral thinking one seeks a state of reflective equilibrium in which the particular claims one accept ...
... general claim from which it can be derived; and the same goes for limited general claims that are hemmed in by conditions. Describing reflective equilibrium method, John Rawls (1999) observed that in moral thinking one seeks a state of reflective equilibrium in which the particular claims one accept ...