Practical Implications of Sleep Neurochemistry
... • GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain, occurring in 30-40% of all synapses (second only to glutamate ...
... • GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain, occurring in 30-40% of all synapses (second only to glutamate ...
1 - u.arizona.edu
... - for humans, sleep is s state of decreased but not abolished consciousness, from which we can be aroused - sleep is an actively induced state - sleep stages defined by EEG criteria (measures movement of ions across cell membranes in layers 4-5 of cortex), 2 types: 1. synchronized, slow-wave EEF (sl ...
... - for humans, sleep is s state of decreased but not abolished consciousness, from which we can be aroused - sleep is an actively induced state - sleep stages defined by EEG criteria (measures movement of ions across cell membranes in layers 4-5 of cortex), 2 types: 1. synchronized, slow-wave EEF (sl ...
Glutamatergic Modulation of the Pedunculopontine Nucleus and its
... the PPN is active during waking and REM sleep. The PPN receives input from many areas of the brain, including glutamatergic input from other mesopontine nuclei and the thalamus. Studies involving microinjections into the PPN in the freely moving rat have demonstrated that glutamate increases waking ...
... the PPN is active during waking and REM sleep. The PPN receives input from many areas of the brain, including glutamatergic input from other mesopontine nuclei and the thalamus. Studies involving microinjections into the PPN in the freely moving rat have demonstrated that glutamate increases waking ...
File - McMurray VMC
... (after addiction), users may experience the undesirable effects of withdrawal. 2. Dependence: Absence of a drug may lead to a feeling of physical pain, intense cravings (physical dependence), and negative emotions ...
... (after addiction), users may experience the undesirable effects of withdrawal. 2. Dependence: Absence of a drug may lead to a feeling of physical pain, intense cravings (physical dependence), and negative emotions ...
What is the activation-synthesis hypothesis? What is an addiction
... suggests that dreams affect the motor commands of the brain but that the brain does not actually carried them out. ...
... suggests that dreams affect the motor commands of the brain but that the brain does not actually carried them out. ...
Chapter-3-Lecture
... 1. Insomnia: A persistent inability to fall asleep. 2. Narcolepsy: Overpowering urge to fall asleep that may occur while talking or standing up. 3. Sleep apnea: Failure to breathe when asleep. 4. Sleep paralysis: Conscious, but unable to move. ...
... 1. Insomnia: A persistent inability to fall asleep. 2. Narcolepsy: Overpowering urge to fall asleep that may occur while talking or standing up. 3. Sleep apnea: Failure to breathe when asleep. 4. Sleep paralysis: Conscious, but unable to move. ...
Rhythms of Waking and Sleep 2 Day Circadian Examples
... • Comes from a special group of ganglion cells that have their own photopigment called melanopsin. • These cells respond directly to light and do not require any input from the rods or cones. ...
... • Comes from a special group of ganglion cells that have their own photopigment called melanopsin. • These cells respond directly to light and do not require any input from the rods or cones. ...
UNIVERSITY OF MALTA
... channels gives rise to low threshold Ca2+ potentials and associated high frequency bursts of action potentials that are present during sleep spindles and delta wave. In addition, the window component of the T-type current is essential for the generation of the slow (< 1Hz) oscillation (Hughes et al. ...
... channels gives rise to low threshold Ca2+ potentials and associated high frequency bursts of action potentials that are present during sleep spindles and delta wave. In addition, the window component of the T-type current is essential for the generation of the slow (< 1Hz) oscillation (Hughes et al. ...
(1) Field: Biology/Life Science Session Topic: Introductory Speaker:
... fundamental physiological function observed in almost all organisms from a one-cell organism to human and is generated by an endogenous biological clock. It consists of three components: input, oscillator, and output. The endogenous period length is not exactly 24 h and must be entrained by light th ...
... fundamental physiological function observed in almost all organisms from a one-cell organism to human and is generated by an endogenous biological clock. It consists of three components: input, oscillator, and output. The endogenous period length is not exactly 24 h and must be entrained by light th ...
What is a sleep disorder?
... Medication, sleeping pills, may help in the short term but they can interfere with the sleep cycle and decrease the amount of REM sleep. Also, could become addicted. Natural alternatives are much better learning relaxation or stress management strategies, developing regular sleep routines, exercise, ...
... Medication, sleeping pills, may help in the short term but they can interfere with the sleep cycle and decrease the amount of REM sleep. Also, could become addicted. Natural alternatives are much better learning relaxation or stress management strategies, developing regular sleep routines, exercise, ...
Minh Tran - Dr Magrann
... Symptoms of Narcolepsy Cataplexy (60-90%) sudden loss of muscle control while awake, usually triggered by strong emotions, such as laughing or crying. ...
... Symptoms of Narcolepsy Cataplexy (60-90%) sudden loss of muscle control while awake, usually triggered by strong emotions, such as laughing or crying. ...
Biological Rhythms: 2 Day Circadian Examples Biorhythms
... • Retinal blindness can disturb resetting if it affects these ganglion cells • Some blind individuals have “free-running rhythms” for this reason. • But under normal conditions our internal clock itself is very resistant to disruption. ...
... • Retinal blindness can disturb resetting if it affects these ganglion cells • Some blind individuals have “free-running rhythms” for this reason. • But under normal conditions our internal clock itself is very resistant to disruption. ...
Lecture 7 Rhythms of the Brain
... • The length of melatonin produced at night remains constant all year in normal people. • People with SAD produce melatonin for about an hour longer during periods of prolonged reduced photoperiod. • Since melatonin and serotonin are both made from the same precursor, more melatonin generally means ...
... • The length of melatonin produced at night remains constant all year in normal people. • People with SAD produce melatonin for about an hour longer during periods of prolonged reduced photoperiod. • Since melatonin and serotonin are both made from the same precursor, more melatonin generally means ...
Lecture 38 (Rhythms)
... closet with no possible sunlight exposure and the plants continued to extend and retract leaves on a 24-hour cycle. ...
... closet with no possible sunlight exposure and the plants continued to extend and retract leaves on a 24-hour cycle. ...
Lesson Description - Harvard Life Sciences Outreach Program
... This lesson is designed to help students understand how important it is to get enough sleep, how a body tries to ensure it gets enough sleep, and what can happen when there is a lack of sleep. This lesson consists of a PowerPoint presentation, a Teacher’s Guide, and links to the resources necessary. ...
... This lesson is designed to help students understand how important it is to get enough sleep, how a body tries to ensure it gets enough sleep, and what can happen when there is a lack of sleep. This lesson consists of a PowerPoint presentation, a Teacher’s Guide, and links to the resources necessary. ...
November 29
... Stage 2 – theta rhythms (random neural activity) Stage 3 – sleep spindles and K complexes (synchronized bursts or neural activity) Stage 4 – delta rhythms (marked slowing) Stage 5 – REM sleep (rapid eye movement) ...
... Stage 2 – theta rhythms (random neural activity) Stage 3 – sleep spindles and K complexes (synchronized bursts or neural activity) Stage 4 – delta rhythms (marked slowing) Stage 5 – REM sleep (rapid eye movement) ...
The Cerebral Cortex and Higher Intellectual Functions
... sleep walking, talking, and eating nightmares and night terrors narcolepsy sleep apnea ...
... sleep walking, talking, and eating nightmares and night terrors narcolepsy sleep apnea ...
Print › AP Psych Unit 5 | Quizlet | Quizlet
... and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input. a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur. ...
... and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input. a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur. ...
Textbook PowerPoint
... Dependence on substance leads to tolerance and withdrawal Addiction Movie ...
... Dependence on substance leads to tolerance and withdrawal Addiction Movie ...
UCLA Molecular Biology Institute
... Sleep regulation is a very mysterious phenomenon. Despite the fact that sleep is an essential component of the human experience occupying ~ 1/3 of our lives, little is known about what sleep is and what purposes it serves. It is clear that chronic disruption of sleep leads to increased risks of not ...
... Sleep regulation is a very mysterious phenomenon. Despite the fact that sleep is an essential component of the human experience occupying ~ 1/3 of our lives, little is known about what sleep is and what purposes it serves. It is clear that chronic disruption of sleep leads to increased risks of not ...
Neurotest 3a Answers MC E 2) A 3) E 4) A 5) B Defs Habituation
... 4) Sensory neuron to interneuron to motor neuron diagram; reflexes allow swiftest response (unconscious) to noxious stimuli 5) (see Bowe) 6) Insomnia: inability to go to sleep or stay asleep Narcolepsy: falling asleep at inappropriate times throughout day Sleep Apnea: cessation of breathing during s ...
... 4) Sensory neuron to interneuron to motor neuron diagram; reflexes allow swiftest response (unconscious) to noxious stimuli 5) (see Bowe) 6) Insomnia: inability to go to sleep or stay asleep Narcolepsy: falling asleep at inappropriate times throughout day Sleep Apnea: cessation of breathing during s ...
Delayed sleep phase disorder
Delayed sleep-phase disorder (DSPD), also known as delayed sleep-phase syndrome (DSPS) or delayed sleep-phase type (DSPT), and in the 2014 revision of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ISCD-3), delayed sleep-wake phase disorder, is a dysregulation of a person's circadian rhythm (biological clock), compared to the general population and relative to societal norms. The disorder affects the timing of sleep, peak period of alertness, the core body temperature rhythm, hormonal and other daily cycles. People with DSPD generally fall asleep some hours after midnight and have difficulty waking up in the morning. They probably have a circadian period significantly longer than 24 hours.Affected people often report that while they do not get to sleep until the early morning, they do fall asleep around the same time every day. Unless they have another sleep disorder such as sleep apnea in addition to DSPD, patients can sleep well and have a normal need for sleep. However, they find it very difficult to wake up in time for a typical school or work day. If they are allowed to follow their own schedules, e.g. sleeping from 3:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon, their sleep is improved and they may not experience excessive daytime sleepiness. Attempting to force oneself onto daytime society's schedule with DSPD has been compared to constantly living with jet lag; DSPD has, in fact, been referred to as ""social jet lag"".The syndrome usually develops in early childhood or adolescence. An adolescent version may disappear in late adolescence or early adulthood; otherwise DSPD is a lifelong condition. Depending on the severity, the symptoms can be managed to a greater or lesser degree, but there is no known cure. Prevalence among adults, equally distributed among women and men, is approximately 0.15%, or 3 in 2,000. Prevalence among adolescents is as much as 7–16%.DSPD is also genetically linked to ADHD by findings of polymorphism in genes in common between those apparently involved in ADHD and those involved in the circadian rhythm and a high proportion of DSPD among those with ADHD.DSPD was first formally described in 1981 by Elliot D. Weitzman and others at Montefiore Medical Center. It is responsible for 7–10% of patient complaints of chronic insomnia. However, since many doctors are unfamiliar with the condition, it often goes untreated or is treated inappropriately; DSPD is often misdiagnosed as primary insomnia or as a psychiatric condition. DSPD can be treated or helped in some cases by careful daily sleep practices, light therapy, dark therapy, and medications such as melatonin and modafinil (Provigil); the former is a natural neurohormone responsible partly and in tiny amounts for the human body clock. At its most severe and inflexible, DSPD is a disability. A chief difficulty of treating DSPD is in maintaining an earlier schedule after it has been established, as the patient's body has a strong tendency to reset the sleeping schedule to its intrinsic late times. People with DSPD may improve their quality of life by choosing careers that allow late sleeping times, rather than forcing themselves to follow a conventional 9-to-5 work schedule.