Visual Cortex and Control Processes Stimuli in Opposite Visual
... direct evidence that inter-hemispheric sensory competition can arise between stimuli in opposite visual hemifields, to affect occipital cortex. However, this result may have been a consequence of task demands because subjects were always instructed to report letters on one particular side first in t ...
... direct evidence that inter-hemispheric sensory competition can arise between stimuli in opposite visual hemifields, to affect occipital cortex. However, this result may have been a consequence of task demands because subjects were always instructed to report letters on one particular side first in t ...
A Neurodynamical cortical model of visual attention and
... cortical visual system to be explored, because it incorporates several aspects of the cortical architecture of the visual systems found in the brain, including the hierarchies present in the ventral or Ôwhat’ visual system, and the backprojections in the ventral and dorsal visual ...
... cortical visual system to be explored, because it incorporates several aspects of the cortical architecture of the visual systems found in the brain, including the hierarchies present in the ventral or Ôwhat’ visual system, and the backprojections in the ventral and dorsal visual ...
Toward a Unified Theory of Visual Area V4
... functional domain-based networks, whether it be by bottom-up specification of object features or by topdown attentionally driven selection. Area V4 is a midtier visual cortical area in the ventral visual pathway. Although believed to be important in object recognition, V4’s functional role remains el ...
... functional domain-based networks, whether it be by bottom-up specification of object features or by topdown attentionally driven selection. Area V4 is a midtier visual cortical area in the ventral visual pathway. Although believed to be important in object recognition, V4’s functional role remains el ...
Role of Feedforward and Feedback Projections in Figure
... begins with V1, goes through visual area V2, then to the dorsomedial area and visual area MT (also known as V5) and to the posterior parietal cortex. The ventral stream begins with V1, goes through visual area V2, then through visual area V4, and to the inferior temporal cortex. Top-down information ...
... begins with V1, goes through visual area V2, then to the dorsomedial area and visual area MT (also known as V5) and to the posterior parietal cortex. The ventral stream begins with V1, goes through visual area V2, then through visual area V4, and to the inferior temporal cortex. Top-down information ...
Postnatal growth and column spacing in cat primary visual cortex
... Introduction In the primary visual cortex of the brain, as in other cortical areas, neurons specialized to process particular aspects of the visual input are arranged in complex spatial patterns, called cortical maps, and interact through a dense network of intracortical connections. Recently it was ...
... Introduction In the primary visual cortex of the brain, as in other cortical areas, neurons specialized to process particular aspects of the visual input are arranged in complex spatial patterns, called cortical maps, and interact through a dense network of intracortical connections. Recently it was ...
Brain Research, 178 (1979) 363-380 363 © Elsevier/North
... however, multi-units were never studied closer than 200 ffM apart. In some animals penetrations were widely spaced throughout the inferior temporal region. In other animals penetrations were closely spaced, sometimes every millimeter, to detect any small-scale organization and particularly to study ...
... however, multi-units were never studied closer than 200 ffM apart. In some animals penetrations were widely spaced throughout the inferior temporal region. In other animals penetrations were closely spaced, sometimes every millimeter, to detect any small-scale organization and particularly to study ...
Working Memory in the Prefrontal Cortex
... matching-to-sample task and the delayed non-matching-to-sample task are other examples of working memory tasks in which the subject is required to maintain non-spatial information, such as an object itself, its shape, or its color, during a delay period. In the delayed-response task using monkeys, f ...
... matching-to-sample task and the delayed non-matching-to-sample task are other examples of working memory tasks in which the subject is required to maintain non-spatial information, such as an object itself, its shape, or its color, during a delay period. In the delayed-response task using monkeys, f ...
100 The Molecular and Structural Basis of Amblyopia
... of synaptic transmission in brain slices (reviewed by Bear, 2003). Although it is now appreciated that there are many mechanisms for LTD in different brain regions, some of these are well conserved (Malenka & Bear, 2004). The study of LTD in hippocampus and visual cortex has led to a detailed unders ...
... of synaptic transmission in brain slices (reviewed by Bear, 2003). Although it is now appreciated that there are many mechanisms for LTD in different brain regions, some of these are well conserved (Malenka & Bear, 2004). The study of LTD in hippocampus and visual cortex has led to a detailed unders ...
`What` Is Happening in the Dorsal Visual Pathway
... reduced by continuous flash suppression, the object-selective activation is profoundly reduced in the ventral but not in the dorsal pathway [58]. The separability of dorsal versus ventral object representations is necessary, but not sufficient, to support the conclusion that the dorsal pathway plays a ...
... reduced by continuous flash suppression, the object-selective activation is profoundly reduced in the ventral but not in the dorsal pathway [58]. The separability of dorsal versus ventral object representations is necessary, but not sufficient, to support the conclusion that the dorsal pathway plays a ...
Organization of Visual Areas in Macaque and
... in which geographic (gyral and sulcal) landmarks were used to constrain the registration (Van Essen et al., 2001b). Depending on the data source, this method was applied to computerized maps (spherical or flat maps) and to scanned images of manually generated flat maps or drawings of the hemispheric ...
... in which geographic (gyral and sulcal) landmarks were used to constrain the registration (Van Essen et al., 2001b). Depending on the data source, this method was applied to computerized maps (spherical or flat maps) and to scanned images of manually generated flat maps or drawings of the hemispheric ...
Is perception informationally encapsulated? The issue of the theory-ladenness of perception
... transformed along the visual pathways in increasingly structured representations that are more convenient for subsequent processing. The processes that transform sensation to a representation that can be processed by cognition are called perception. Perception includes both low-level and intermediat ...
... transformed along the visual pathways in increasingly structured representations that are more convenient for subsequent processing. The processes that transform sensation to a representation that can be processed by cognition are called perception. Perception includes both low-level and intermediat ...
Contributions of cortical feedback to sensory processing in primary
... a functional map of columnar orientation preference and ocular dominance. These milestone findings furnished the (still current) textbook accounts of V1, which are dedicated to the feedforward cascade of processing and biased to neuronal spiking as recorded in electrophysiology. However, owing to inc ...
... a functional map of columnar orientation preference and ocular dominance. These milestone findings furnished the (still current) textbook accounts of V1, which are dedicated to the feedforward cascade of processing and biased to neuronal spiking as recorded in electrophysiology. However, owing to inc ...
Nerve growth factor improves visual loss in childhood optic
... Paediatric optic pathway gliomas are low-grade brain tumours characterized by slow progression and invalidating visual loss. Presently there is no strategy to prevent visual loss in this kind of tumour. This study evaluated the effects of nerve growth factor administration in protecting visual funct ...
... Paediatric optic pathway gliomas are low-grade brain tumours characterized by slow progression and invalidating visual loss. Presently there is no strategy to prevent visual loss in this kind of tumour. This study evaluated the effects of nerve growth factor administration in protecting visual funct ...
June 2010 - McPherson Eye Research Institute
... whether memory for visually-specified locations could also be influenced by a person’s experience with locations over repeated trials. In a recall task, adults were asked to remember the locations of dots within a circular frame on a computer screen. Experimental results showed that their performan ...
... whether memory for visually-specified locations could also be influenced by a person’s experience with locations over repeated trials. In a recall task, adults were asked to remember the locations of dots within a circular frame on a computer screen. Experimental results showed that their performan ...
Surface-view connectivity patterns of area 18 in cats
... with those which were labeled following the WGAHRP injection, which was many millimeters caudal and lateral to the other two injection sites, in a region of cortex representing upper visual space. Similarly, in case 93-99 (Fig. 2) neighboring injections in area 18 (within about 10' or less of visual ...
... with those which were labeled following the WGAHRP injection, which was many millimeters caudal and lateral to the other two injection sites, in a region of cortex representing upper visual space. Similarly, in case 93-99 (Fig. 2) neighboring injections in area 18 (within about 10' or less of visual ...
Organization of Visual Areas in Macaque and Human Cerebral
... next (Van Essen et al., 1984; Maunsell and Van Essen, 1987). This is compounded by substantial variability in the exact pattern of convolutions and in the location of areal boundaries relative to gyral and sulcal landmarks A compelling case for areal identification entails finding region-specific c ...
... next (Van Essen et al., 1984; Maunsell and Van Essen, 1987). This is compounded by substantial variability in the exact pattern of convolutions and in the location of areal boundaries relative to gyral and sulcal landmarks A compelling case for areal identification entails finding region-specific c ...
Stimuluslocked responses on human arm muscles reveal a rapid
... magnitude was predictive of reaction time, the response was tuned to the target’s spatial location, and it was more prevalent on shoulder than elbow muscles. Taken together, our results provide new insight into the neural pathways linking visual input and motor output and emphasize the close ties be ...
... magnitude was predictive of reaction time, the response was tuned to the target’s spatial location, and it was more prevalent on shoulder than elbow muscles. Taken together, our results provide new insight into the neural pathways linking visual input and motor output and emphasize the close ties be ...
The medial parietal occipital areas in the macaque
... The number, location, extent, and functional properties of the cortical areas that occupy the medial parieto-occipital cortex (mPOC) have been, and still is, a matter of scientific debate. The mPOC is a convoluted region of the brain that presents a high level of individual variability, and the fact ...
... The number, location, extent, and functional properties of the cortical areas that occupy the medial parieto-occipital cortex (mPOC) have been, and still is, a matter of scientific debate. The mPOC is a convoluted region of the brain that presents a high level of individual variability, and the fact ...
Mapping Retinotopic Structure in Mouse Visual Cortex with Optical
... To mask cortical regions devoid of activation, we used the maximum intensity projection of the intrinsic signal across all singlecondition maps for color saturation. Hence, nonresponsive regions remain dark. In this manner, we obtained a multicolored region at the center of the image, exhibiting a c ...
... To mask cortical regions devoid of activation, we used the maximum intensity projection of the intrinsic signal across all singlecondition maps for color saturation. Hence, nonresponsive regions remain dark. In this manner, we obtained a multicolored region at the center of the image, exhibiting a c ...
Contextual modulation of primary visual cortex by auditory signals
... sounds and sound imagery can also be read out of early visual cortex using fMRI and multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) [3]. Multivoxel pattern recognition techniques in functional brain imaging search for differences in spatial patterns of brain activity in response to stimulus conditions. These pat ...
... sounds and sound imagery can also be read out of early visual cortex using fMRI and multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) [3]. Multivoxel pattern recognition techniques in functional brain imaging search for differences in spatial patterns of brain activity in response to stimulus conditions. These pat ...
NOBA Memory (Encoding, Storage, Retrieval)
... mundane things around you, or the exact positions of surrounding objects? Although people have great confidence in flashbulb memories like these, the truth is, our objective accuracy with them is far from perfect (Talarico & Rubin, 2003). That is, even though people may have great confidence in what ...
... mundane things around you, or the exact positions of surrounding objects? Although people have great confidence in flashbulb memories like these, the truth is, our objective accuracy with them is far from perfect (Talarico & Rubin, 2003). That is, even though people may have great confidence in what ...
Visual Experience Is Necessary for Maintenance But Not
... 2002). Consistent with the diffuse terminal arbors, dark rearing throughout postnatal development can also result in enlarged cortical RFs, as defined electrophysiologically (Fagiolini et al. 1994). An alternative explanation for these results, however, is that the enlarged RFs in deprived animals r ...
... 2002). Consistent with the diffuse terminal arbors, dark rearing throughout postnatal development can also result in enlarged cortical RFs, as defined electrophysiologically (Fagiolini et al. 1994). An alternative explanation for these results, however, is that the enlarged RFs in deprived animals r ...
Features of Neuronal Synchrony in Mouse Visual Cortex
... been hypothesized to play a role in defining cell assemblies representing particular constellations of stimulus features. In many systems and species, synchronization is accompanied by an oscillatory response modulation at frequencies in the ␥-band. The cellular mechanisms underlying these phenomena ...
... been hypothesized to play a role in defining cell assemblies representing particular constellations of stimulus features. In many systems and species, synchronization is accompanied by an oscillatory response modulation at frequencies in the ␥-band. The cellular mechanisms underlying these phenomena ...
Mechanisms of Visual Attention in the Human Cortex
... stimuli presented alone. For example, if a single good stimulus elicited a high firing rate and a single poor stimulus elicited a low firing rate, the response to the paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited by the single good stimulus. This result indicates that two stimuli present at ...
... stimuli presented alone. For example, if a single good stimulus elicited a high firing rate and a single poor stimulus elicited a low firing rate, the response to the paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited by the single good stimulus. This result indicates that two stimuli present at ...
What can mice tell us about how vision works?
... In considering whether the mouse is a generalizable model for studying vision, an important issue to resolve is how the 22 RGC subtypes found in the mouse correspond to the 20 subtypes in the primate. The recent identification of RGC subtype-specific genes and immunohistochemical markers in the mous ...
... In considering whether the mouse is a generalizable model for studying vision, an important issue to resolve is how the 22 RGC subtypes found in the mouse correspond to the 20 subtypes in the primate. The recent identification of RGC subtype-specific genes and immunohistochemical markers in the mous ...
Visual memory
Visual memory describes the relationship between perceptual processing and the encoding, storage and retrieval of the resulting neural representations. Visual memory occurs over a broad time range spanning from eye movements to years in order to visually navigate to a previously visited location. Visual memory is a form of memory which preserves some characteristics of our senses pertaining to visual experience. We are able to place in memory visual information which resembles objects, places, animals or people in a mental image. The experience of visual memory is also referred to as the mind's eye through which we can retrieve from our memory a mental image of original objects, places, animals or people. Visual memory is one of several cognitive systems, which are all interconnected parts that combine to form the human memory. Types of palinopsia, the persistence or recurrence of a visual image after the stimulus has been removed, is a dysfunction of visual memory.