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Homology Theory - Section de mathématiques
Homology Theory - Section de mathématiques

... categories of topological spaces, pairs of spaces (called “pairs” for short), and triples of spaces respectively. I.e. the objects of Top(2) are pairs (X, A), where X ∈ Ob(Top) is a topological space and A ⊂ X and a morphism f : (X, A) → (Y, B) is a continuous map f : X → Y with f A ⊂ B. Analogously ...
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... A topology on C(X, Y ) is said to be exponential if continuity of a function f : A×X → Y is equivalent to that of its transpose f : A → C(X, Y ). When an exponential topology exists, it is unique, and we denote the resulting space by [X ⇒ Y ]. This is elaborated in Section 2 below. In this case, tra ...
(core) compactly generated spaces
(core) compactly generated spaces

A Comparison of Lindelöf-type Covering Properties of Topological
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PART A TOPOLOGY COURSE: HT 2011 Contents 1. What is Topology about ?
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Connectedness - GMU Math 631 Spring 2011

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Renzo`s Math 490 Introduction to Topology

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Section 16. The Subspace Topology - Faculty

... Example 1. Let X = R with the order topology (which for R is the same as the standard topology) and let Y = [0, 1] have the subspace topology. A basis for the order topology on R is B = {(a, b) | a, b ∈ R, a < b} (by the definition of “order topology,” since R has neither a least or greatest element ...
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arXiv:0706.3441v1 [math.AG] 25 Jun 2007

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... In most applications, group schemes are flat, separated and of finite presentation over the base and many of our results will require these hypotheses. We will not make any general assumptions though. Groups that are finite, flat and locally of finite presentation, or equivalently groups that are fi ...
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... A basis B generates a topology T whose elements are all possible unions of elements of B . That is, the topology generated by B is the collection of arbitrary unions of the subsets of B . Proof: Have to prove that if u 1∪⋯∪u n ∈ T then u 1∩⋯∩u n ∈ T . By induction, it suffices to prove that if u1∪ u ...
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http://www.math.uiuc.edu/~rezk/homotopy-topos-sketch.pdf
http://www.math.uiuc.edu/~rezk/homotopy-topos-sketch.pdf

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... (iii)→MC. Fix A = {Ai : i ∈ k} a family of infinite pairwise disjoint sets and let A∗i and X be as in the proof of (i) → MC. Clearly, A∗i is a PFCS space. Thus, by (iii), X is also a PFCS space. Let V be a shrinking of the p.f. open cover U = {u : u = Ai or u = A∗i , i ∈ k} of X. Clearly Fi = v, v ∈ ...
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TOPOLOGICAL GROUPS The purpose of these notes

Free full version - topo.auburn.edu
Free full version - topo.auburn.edu

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PDF file

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Sheaf (mathematics)

In mathematics, a sheaf is a tool for systematically tracking locally defined data attached to the open sets of a topological space. The data can be restricted to smaller open sets, and the data assigned to an open set is equivalent to all collections of compatible data assigned to collections of smaller open sets covering the original one. For example, such data can consist of the rings of continuous or smooth real-valued functions defined on each open set. Sheaves are by design quite general and abstract objects, and their correct definition is rather technical. They exist in several varieties such as sheaves of sets or sheaves of rings, depending on the type of data assigned to open sets.There are also maps (or morphisms) from one sheaf to another; sheaves (of a specific type, such as sheaves of abelian groups) with their morphisms on a fixed topological space form a category. On the other hand, to each continuous map there is associated both a direct image functor, taking sheaves and their morphisms on the domain to sheaves and morphisms on the codomain, and an inverse image functor operating in the opposite direction. These functors, and certain variants of them, are essential parts of sheaf theory.Due to their general nature and versatility, sheaves have several applications in topology and especially in algebraic and differential geometry. First, geometric structures such as that of a differentiable manifold or a scheme can be expressed in terms of a sheaf of rings on the space. In such contexts several geometric constructions such as vector bundles or divisors are naturally specified in terms of sheaves. Second, sheaves provide the framework for a very general cohomology theory, which encompasses also the ""usual"" topological cohomology theories such as singular cohomology. Especially in algebraic geometry and the theory of complex manifolds, sheaf cohomology provides a powerful link between topological and geometric properties of spaces. Sheaves also provide the basis for the theory of D-modules, which provide applications to the theory of differential equations. In addition, generalisations of sheaves to more general settings than topological spaces, such as Grothendieck topology, have provided applications to mathematical logic and number theory.
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