An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere Ecology
... • provides energy for photosynthesis, which drives most food webs • plants often compete for light because of shading or absorption of light by deep columns of water ...
... • provides energy for photosynthesis, which drives most food webs • plants often compete for light because of shading or absorption of light by deep columns of water ...
Fermentation
... Cell Respiration – cells of your body need energy they get it through this process. Oxygen is required during the last stage of respiration. ...
... Cell Respiration – cells of your body need energy they get it through this process. Oxygen is required during the last stage of respiration. ...
Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
... translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of food, phloem transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gases (brief mention). Mineral nutrition: Essential minerals, macro and micronutrients and their role; Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity; Elementary idea of Hydroponics as a method to stu ...
... translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of food, phloem transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gases (brief mention). Mineral nutrition: Essential minerals, macro and micronutrients and their role; Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity; Elementary idea of Hydroponics as a method to stu ...
METABOLISM - Doctor Jade Main
... atoms as it is converted to CO2 O2 gains hydrogen atoms to form water O2 is an electron grabber – pulls harder than other atoms to get electrons these hydrogen movements represent electron transfers each hydrogen atom consists of one electron and one proton electrons move along with hydrogens from g ...
... atoms as it is converted to CO2 O2 gains hydrogen atoms to form water O2 is an electron grabber – pulls harder than other atoms to get electrons these hydrogen movements represent electron transfers each hydrogen atom consists of one electron and one proton electrons move along with hydrogens from g ...
CBSE Class 10 Biology Life Processes Notes
... i) Autotrophs can prepare their own food from simple inorganic sources like carbon dioxide and water. (eg- green plants, some bacteria) ii) Heterotrophs cannot synthesize their own food and is dependent on the autotrophs for obtaining complex organic substances for nutrition. (eg. animals) ...
... i) Autotrophs can prepare their own food from simple inorganic sources like carbon dioxide and water. (eg- green plants, some bacteria) ii) Heterotrophs cannot synthesize their own food and is dependent on the autotrophs for obtaining complex organic substances for nutrition. (eg. animals) ...
Features of Life and the Cell
... – Energy is added to break bonds. – Energy is released when bonds form. • A reaction is at equilibrium when reactants and products form at the same rate. ...
... – Energy is added to break bonds. – Energy is released when bonds form. • A reaction is at equilibrium when reactants and products form at the same rate. ...
Plant Kingdom
... a. Anther produces pollen. b. Pollen is carried by wind or insects to stigma of a different ...
... a. Anther produces pollen. b. Pollen is carried by wind or insects to stigma of a different ...
Keys (above) modified by the `Big Ideas`
... 4. Peppered moths have wings that vary in color, ranging from white to dark gray. During the Industrial Revolution through the mid-20th century, factories and power plants, which burned coal, produced large quantities of soot and smog. Near industrialized areas, black powder covered surfaces, includ ...
... 4. Peppered moths have wings that vary in color, ranging from white to dark gray. During the Industrial Revolution through the mid-20th century, factories and power plants, which burned coal, produced large quantities of soot and smog. Near industrialized areas, black powder covered surfaces, includ ...
What are plants and how are they classified?
... • Cuticle – waxy substance that coats the plant to keep in moisture. • Stomata – pores in the leaf surface that allow for gas exchange and regulate water loss. Stomata Guard Cells ...
... • Cuticle – waxy substance that coats the plant to keep in moisture. • Stomata – pores in the leaf surface that allow for gas exchange and regulate water loss. Stomata Guard Cells ...
Nucleic acids
... Almost all living organisms contain carbon. Carbon is a useful element in the molecules of life because carbon can form four covalent bonds in its outer shell. This allows carbon compounds to form straight chain molecules, branched molecules, and ring molecules. ...
... Almost all living organisms contain carbon. Carbon is a useful element in the molecules of life because carbon can form four covalent bonds in its outer shell. This allows carbon compounds to form straight chain molecules, branched molecules, and ring molecules. ...
Cellular Respiration (CR
... eukaryotic cells (location and names of processes involved)? How many ATP’s are produced from each cell type? --------------------------------------------Define: The process of releasing energy (ATP) from food (glucose). Both consumers AND producers need to go through cellular respiration to turn th ...
... eukaryotic cells (location and names of processes involved)? How many ATP’s are produced from each cell type? --------------------------------------------Define: The process of releasing energy (ATP) from food (glucose). Both consumers AND producers need to go through cellular respiration to turn th ...
The Biosphere - LunsfordIntegratedScience
... A harmful algal bloom (HAB) is an algal bloom that causes negative impacts to other organisms via production of natural toxins, mechanical damage to other organisms, or by other means. HABs are often associated with large-scale marine mortality events ...
... A harmful algal bloom (HAB) is an algal bloom that causes negative impacts to other organisms via production of natural toxins, mechanical damage to other organisms, or by other means. HABs are often associated with large-scale marine mortality events ...
BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BIODIVERSITY
... The Ecological and Economic Importance of Mosses Wind dispersal of their lightweight spores has distributed mosses throughout the world. These plants are particularly common and diverse in moist forests and wetlands Some mosses colonize bare, sandy soil, where researchers have found they help ret ...
... The Ecological and Economic Importance of Mosses Wind dispersal of their lightweight spores has distributed mosses throughout the world. These plants are particularly common and diverse in moist forests and wetlands Some mosses colonize bare, sandy soil, where researchers have found they help ret ...
energy-flow-and-cycles1415 PBL
... (proteins and nucleic acids). Air is about 78% nitrogen gas (N2). That’s where most of the nitrogen hangs out. Most organisms can’t use atmospheric (free) nitrogen as is. They need it changed into nitrogen compounds. Plants need their nitrogen "fixed", which means as part of compounds such as: ammon ...
... (proteins and nucleic acids). Air is about 78% nitrogen gas (N2). That’s where most of the nitrogen hangs out. Most organisms can’t use atmospheric (free) nitrogen as is. They need it changed into nitrogen compounds. Plants need their nitrogen "fixed", which means as part of compounds such as: ammon ...
Respiration - csfcA2Biology
... Key Ideas - Making ATP • To make ATP a phosphate group (Pi) has to be added to ADP, this reaction is called phosphorylation ATP + Pi ATP The energy to add the Pi group can come in three different ways: 1.Substrate level phosphorylation – use the energy released from chemical reactions 2.Oxidative p ...
... Key Ideas - Making ATP • To make ATP a phosphate group (Pi) has to be added to ADP, this reaction is called phosphorylation ATP + Pi ATP The energy to add the Pi group can come in three different ways: 1.Substrate level phosphorylation – use the energy released from chemical reactions 2.Oxidative p ...
AQA – Biology Unit 5 The Essay
... Carbon dioxide is both a vital requirement for producers – the first organisms in any food chain, and at times a dangerous waste product. Where plants use carbon dioxide during the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis, at night they also produce small quantities due to respiration. Fundamentally, carbon d ...
... Carbon dioxide is both a vital requirement for producers – the first organisms in any food chain, and at times a dangerous waste product. Where plants use carbon dioxide during the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis, at night they also produce small quantities due to respiration. Fundamentally, carbon d ...
Cell Metabolism - Florida International University
... Also known as the Krebs Cycle Series of metabolic reactions catalyzed by many enzymes inside the mitochondria. For each glucose molecule, end products are ...
... Also known as the Krebs Cycle Series of metabolic reactions catalyzed by many enzymes inside the mitochondria. For each glucose molecule, end products are ...
36. ______ layers of ______ make up the cell membrane.
... 25. __________ bonds form when water is removed to hold _________ acids together. Lipids are large, nonpolar (won't dissolve in water) molecules. Phospholipids make up cell membranes. Lipids also serve as waxy coverings (cuticle) on plants, pigments (chlorophyll), and steroids. Lipids have more carb ...
... 25. __________ bonds form when water is removed to hold _________ acids together. Lipids are large, nonpolar (won't dissolve in water) molecules. Phospholipids make up cell membranes. Lipids also serve as waxy coverings (cuticle) on plants, pigments (chlorophyll), and steroids. Lipids have more carb ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.