A plant has stunted growth and yellowing leaves because it is
... donates an electron to one of the amino acids, which is used to form the dipeptide. Distractor Rationale: This answer suggests the student may understand that this is a dehydration synthesis reaction, but does not understand that a hydrogen atom is removed from one amino acid and a hydroxyl group is ...
... donates an electron to one of the amino acids, which is used to form the dipeptide. Distractor Rationale: This answer suggests the student may understand that this is a dehydration synthesis reaction, but does not understand that a hydrogen atom is removed from one amino acid and a hydroxyl group is ...
Chem331 Krebs Cycle
... TCA (tricarboxylic acid cycle) Citric acid cycle and Krebs cycle. Named after Sir Hans Krebs, Nobel Laureate. He worked as an assistant professor for Otto Warburg (Nobel Prize 1931) and his position terminated 1933 and at, Sir Fredrick Gowland Hopkin's (Nobel prize 1929) request he left Germany to h ...
... TCA (tricarboxylic acid cycle) Citric acid cycle and Krebs cycle. Named after Sir Hans Krebs, Nobel Laureate. He worked as an assistant professor for Otto Warburg (Nobel Prize 1931) and his position terminated 1933 and at, Sir Fredrick Gowland Hopkin's (Nobel prize 1929) request he left Germany to h ...
TROPISMS
... •The leaves of the Venus Fly Trap and the Mimosa plants both close up in response to touch. The closure is not in one particular direction. •The flowers and leaves of many plants close up when the light intensity decreases (it gets dark), regardless of where light is or isn’t. ...
... •The leaves of the Venus Fly Trap and the Mimosa plants both close up in response to touch. The closure is not in one particular direction. •The flowers and leaves of many plants close up when the light intensity decreases (it gets dark), regardless of where light is or isn’t. ...
View/Open - Oregon State University
... 2. The two NADHs produced in glycolysis are a factor in determining which pathways is taken after pyruvate is produced in glycolysis. Three different pathways are possible AFTER glycoysis. Pyruvate is the last molecule made in glycolysis. 3. Both animals, plants, and microorganisms have the same pat ...
... 2. The two NADHs produced in glycolysis are a factor in determining which pathways is taken after pyruvate is produced in glycolysis. Three different pathways are possible AFTER glycoysis. Pyruvate is the last molecule made in glycolysis. 3. Both animals, plants, and microorganisms have the same pat ...
Molecules of the Cell: The Building Blocks of Life
... A single polysaccharide molecule may contain hundreds or thousands of monosaccharide subunits bonded together through dehydration synthesis reactions. One example of an “energy polysaccharide” is starch, which is composed exclusively of glucose molecules ( Figure 3.3b ). Starch is typically found i ...
... A single polysaccharide molecule may contain hundreds or thousands of monosaccharide subunits bonded together through dehydration synthesis reactions. One example of an “energy polysaccharide” is starch, which is composed exclusively of glucose molecules ( Figure 3.3b ). Starch is typically found i ...
Chapter 6: Cellular Respiration
... During the transport of electrons, a concentration gradient of H+ ions is formed across the inner membrane into the intermembrane space – The potential energy of this concentration gradient is used to make ATP by a process called chemiosmosis – The concentration gradient drives H+ through ATP synt ...
... During the transport of electrons, a concentration gradient of H+ ions is formed across the inner membrane into the intermembrane space – The potential energy of this concentration gradient is used to make ATP by a process called chemiosmosis – The concentration gradient drives H+ through ATP synt ...
ARISE Curriculum Guide Chemistry: Topic 19—Equilibirum ChemMatters
... To study factors which can disturb an equilibrium system. Many chemical reactions reach a state of equilibrium if conditions are right. In an equilibrium system, forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates so that no net change is produced. When equilibrium is reached by a reaction in a test ...
... To study factors which can disturb an equilibrium system. Many chemical reactions reach a state of equilibrium if conditions are right. In an equilibrium system, forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates so that no net change is produced. When equilibrium is reached by a reaction in a test ...
universally valid preconditions of the biochemistry of living matter
... It is not unthinkable that cells under extreme conditions with little/limited phosphorus than arsenic can be used as replacement of PO4 instead of ADP. ADP could appear as AAsP or as AAsAs. This could not be extraordinary. It becomes extraordinary only when the energy containing third phosphate grou ...
... It is not unthinkable that cells under extreme conditions with little/limited phosphorus than arsenic can be used as replacement of PO4 instead of ADP. ADP could appear as AAsP or as AAsAs. This could not be extraordinary. It becomes extraordinary only when the energy containing third phosphate grou ...
Lecture 6
... – Describe energy-releasing and energyrequiring reactions. – Use the creation and use of ATP for cellular work as examples of these reactions. – Be sure to use the word “entropy.” ...
... – Describe energy-releasing and energyrequiring reactions. – Use the creation and use of ATP for cellular work as examples of these reactions. – Be sure to use the word “entropy.” ...
Table of Contents - Milan Area Schools
... citrate. With molecular rearrangements, oxaloacetate is formed, which can be used for the next cycle. • For each turn of the cycle, three molecules of NADH + H+, one molecule of ATP, one molecule of FADH2, and two molecules of CO2 are generated. ...
... citrate. With molecular rearrangements, oxaloacetate is formed, which can be used for the next cycle. • For each turn of the cycle, three molecules of NADH + H+, one molecule of ATP, one molecule of FADH2, and two molecules of CO2 are generated. ...
PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY
... shunt or pathway), or the pentose phosphate pathway, or the phosphogluconate pathway (Fig. 15-1). The pathway in its full form is complicated and has complicated stoichiometry. Usually it’s not necessary to remember all of it. The important points are that it makes NADPH for biosynthesis and riboses ...
... shunt or pathway), or the pentose phosphate pathway, or the phosphogluconate pathway (Fig. 15-1). The pathway in its full form is complicated and has complicated stoichiometry. Usually it’s not necessary to remember all of it. The important points are that it makes NADPH for biosynthesis and riboses ...
energy
... A. Energy released when an energy source is oxidized can be conserved in the form of high energy chemical bonds. oxidation waste glucose products ADP + Pi ...
... A. Energy released when an energy source is oxidized can be conserved in the form of high energy chemical bonds. oxidation waste glucose products ADP + Pi ...
bio-lesson-13 - WordPress.com
... sunken stomata, often reduced in size • In American cacti and African euphorbs, leaves are often reduced such that they serve as spine to discourage herbivory and reduce water loss • The stems serve as the primary organ of photosynthesis. ...
... sunken stomata, often reduced in size • In American cacti and African euphorbs, leaves are often reduced such that they serve as spine to discourage herbivory and reduce water loss • The stems serve as the primary organ of photosynthesis. ...
Mary Jones Jennifer Gregory - Assets
... into the cell and three sodium ions move out of the cell. Since only two potassium ions are added to the cell contents for every three sodium ions removed, a potential difference is created across the membrane which is negative inside with respect to the outside. Both sodium and potassium ions leak ...
... into the cell and three sodium ions move out of the cell. Since only two potassium ions are added to the cell contents for every three sodium ions removed, a potential difference is created across the membrane which is negative inside with respect to the outside. Both sodium and potassium ions leak ...
Herbicide Classification and Mode of Action
... • Plants stop growing shortly after application, but plant death may be slow (10+ days) ...
... • Plants stop growing shortly after application, but plant death may be slow (10+ days) ...
Chapter 4 - Brock University
... will be unable to match the rate of ATP depletion and [ATP] in the cytosol will fall. ATP-dependent processes (maintenance of ion gradients, muscular contraction, transcription and translation) will cease (see below). However, too much oxygen is actually a substantial problem as well. Just as metal ...
... will be unable to match the rate of ATP depletion and [ATP] in the cytosol will fall. ATP-dependent processes (maintenance of ion gradients, muscular contraction, transcription and translation) will cease (see below). However, too much oxygen is actually a substantial problem as well. Just as metal ...
Plant Hormones
... growth - formation of adventitious and lateral roots, inhibits leaf loss, promotes cell division (with cytokinins), increases ethylene production, enforces dormancy of lateral buds produced by shoot apical meristems and other immature parts Cytokinins - stimulate cell division (with auxin), promote ...
... growth - formation of adventitious and lateral roots, inhibits leaf loss, promotes cell division (with cytokinins), increases ethylene production, enforces dormancy of lateral buds produced by shoot apical meristems and other immature parts Cytokinins - stimulate cell division (with auxin), promote ...
KATABOLISME KARBOHIDRAT
... transport system and chemiosmosis. • Per glucose molecule, ten NADH and two FADH2 take electrons to the electron transport system; three ATP are formed per NADH and two ATP per FADH2. • Electrons carried by NADH produced during glycolysis are shuttled to the electron transport chain by an organic mo ...
... transport system and chemiosmosis. • Per glucose molecule, ten NADH and two FADH2 take electrons to the electron transport system; three ATP are formed per NADH and two ATP per FADH2. • Electrons carried by NADH produced during glycolysis are shuttled to the electron transport chain by an organic mo ...
O 2 - Madison Public Schools
... glycerol (3C) G3P glycolysis fatty acids 2C acetyl acetyl Krebs ...
... glycerol (3C) G3P glycolysis fatty acids 2C acetyl acetyl Krebs ...
Cellular Respiration
... • Cellular Respiration is a metabolic process like burning fuel – Burning energy yields some heat, but much of the energy in food we use to make ATP – This ATP provides cells with the energy they need to carry out the activities of life. * Cellular respiration occurs in all cells 24 hours a day. ...
... • Cellular Respiration is a metabolic process like burning fuel – Burning energy yields some heat, but much of the energy in food we use to make ATP – This ATP provides cells with the energy they need to carry out the activities of life. * Cellular respiration occurs in all cells 24 hours a day. ...
Chapter 17 – Amino Acid Metabolism
... To reduce nitrogen gas to ammonia takes a strong enzyme --> reaction is called nitrogen fixation. Only a few organisms are capable of fixing nitrogen and assembling amino acids from that. ...
... To reduce nitrogen gas to ammonia takes a strong enzyme --> reaction is called nitrogen fixation. Only a few organisms are capable of fixing nitrogen and assembling amino acids from that. ...
Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
... Products of Glycolysis • 2 Pyruvic Acids (a 3C acid) • 4 ATP ...
... Products of Glycolysis • 2 Pyruvic Acids (a 3C acid) • 4 ATP ...
chapter_3_plant_kingdom
... produced as a result of the reduction division taking place inside the capsule. Moss- In mosses, the primary protonema (developed in the first stage) develops into the secondary protonema. Both these stages are haploid or gametophytic. The secondary protonema bears the sex organs which produce gamet ...
... produced as a result of the reduction division taking place inside the capsule. Moss- In mosses, the primary protonema (developed in the first stage) develops into the secondary protonema. Both these stages are haploid or gametophytic. The secondary protonema bears the sex organs which produce gamet ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.