Chapter 8 Enzymes: basic concepts and kinetics
... The free energy is derived from: • Sunlight: phototrophs are trapping sunlight in photosynthesis (conversion of energy-poor molecules like CO2 into energy-rich molecules like fatty acids and sugars). • Oxidation of compounds (foodstuffs): chemotrophs oxidize (carbon) compounds. Foodstuffs are gener ...
... The free energy is derived from: • Sunlight: phototrophs are trapping sunlight in photosynthesis (conversion of energy-poor molecules like CO2 into energy-rich molecules like fatty acids and sugars). • Oxidation of compounds (foodstuffs): chemotrophs oxidize (carbon) compounds. Foodstuffs are gener ...
BCOR 011 Exam 2, 2004
... MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. According to the first law of thermodynamics, A. the universe loses energy because of friction. B. matter can be neither created nor destroyed. C. energy is neither created nor destroyed. D. all ...
... MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. According to the first law of thermodynamics, A. the universe loses energy because of friction. B. matter can be neither created nor destroyed. C. energy is neither created nor destroyed. D. all ...
ATP is an
... Major Pathways in Cells • Metabolic fuels Three major nutrients consumed by mammals: (1) Carbohydrates - provide energy (2) Proteins - provide amino acids for protein synthesis and some energy (3) Fats - triacylglycerols provide energy and also lipids for membrane synthesis ...
... Major Pathways in Cells • Metabolic fuels Three major nutrients consumed by mammals: (1) Carbohydrates - provide energy (2) Proteins - provide amino acids for protein synthesis and some energy (3) Fats - triacylglycerols provide energy and also lipids for membrane synthesis ...
FEED NUTRIENTS
... Animals need very small amounts of trace minerals, usually ranging from 2% to 5%. However, this small percentage is essential for performing many body functions, such as: Growth of bones, soft tissues, and teeth Blood and body fluid processes Vitamin utilization Regulation of chemical processes Repr ...
... Animals need very small amounts of trace minerals, usually ranging from 2% to 5%. However, this small percentage is essential for performing many body functions, such as: Growth of bones, soft tissues, and teeth Blood and body fluid processes Vitamin utilization Regulation of chemical processes Repr ...
Glycolysis - MrOwdijWiki
... breakdown of sugars into energy • Some of that energy is harvested as ATP and the rest is lost as heat • It happens in every organism • Heterotrophs and autotrophs both do cellular respiration ...
... breakdown of sugars into energy • Some of that energy is harvested as ATP and the rest is lost as heat • It happens in every organism • Heterotrophs and autotrophs both do cellular respiration ...
Free Energy and Metabolism
... – Energy flows into an ecosystem in the form of __________ and ________ in the form of _________ – The evolution of more complex organisms does not violate the second law of thermodynamics – Entropy (disorder) may decrease in an organism, but the ___________ _________________________________________ ...
... – Energy flows into an ecosystem in the form of __________ and ________ in the form of _________ – The evolution of more complex organisms does not violate the second law of thermodynamics – Entropy (disorder) may decrease in an organism, but the ___________ _________________________________________ ...
Macromolecules 2015 16
... • Lipids consist of chains of carbon atoms bonded to each other and to hydrogen atoms. This structure makes lipids repel water. ...
... • Lipids consist of chains of carbon atoms bonded to each other and to hydrogen atoms. This structure makes lipids repel water. ...
Exam 2
... Figure 10.5 (a) The energy of activation is a barrier that prevents molecules from undergoing otherwise favorable reactions. (b) Enzymes lower the energy of activation barrier, allowing the reaction to proceed. ...
... Figure 10.5 (a) The energy of activation is a barrier that prevents molecules from undergoing otherwise favorable reactions. (b) Enzymes lower the energy of activation barrier, allowing the reaction to proceed. ...
Focus on Metabolism
... known as anabolism. Each of the essential nutrients plays a unique role in metabolism. ...
... known as anabolism. Each of the essential nutrients plays a unique role in metabolism. ...
bonds form when water is removed to hold acids together.
... 23. Amino acids are linked together to make proteins by removing a molecule of _____________ in a process called __________________. 24. Chains of amino acids make ________________________ which can join together to make a _____________________. 25. _______________ bonds form when water is removed t ...
... 23. Amino acids are linked together to make proteins by removing a molecule of _____________ in a process called __________________. 24. Chains of amino acids make ________________________ which can join together to make a _____________________. 25. _______________ bonds form when water is removed t ...
File
... manipulate or move glucose and its breakdown products through the various steps of both fermentation and aerobic respiration. When you feel you have developed a good working model, demonstrate and explain it to another student. ...
... manipulate or move glucose and its breakdown products through the various steps of both fermentation and aerobic respiration. When you feel you have developed a good working model, demonstrate and explain it to another student. ...
Review Questions
... transport in plant cells are powered by a. the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. b. ATP from the light reactions of photosynthesis. c. ATP from fermentation. d. ATP from glycolysis and cellular respiration. _____18. Which of the statements below about the citric acid ...
... transport in plant cells are powered by a. the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. b. ATP from the light reactions of photosynthesis. c. ATP from fermentation. d. ATP from glycolysis and cellular respiration. _____18. Which of the statements below about the citric acid ...
Cell Respiration
... So far only 4 of the 38 ATP that will be produced have been, all by substrate level phosphorylation. The remaining will be produced by the ETC. The majority of the ATP produced comes from the energy carried in the electrons of NADH (and FADH2) that were produced by the Krebs Cycle. 6 NADH and 2 FADH ...
... So far only 4 of the 38 ATP that will be produced have been, all by substrate level phosphorylation. The remaining will be produced by the ETC. The majority of the ATP produced comes from the energy carried in the electrons of NADH (and FADH2) that were produced by the Krebs Cycle. 6 NADH and 2 FADH ...
Topic Three Chemistry of Life - MrsGorukhomework
... just like petroleum and can store a lot of energy – and not soluble in water When fats are metabolized for energy, it releases a lot more water than if you use glucose. Desert camels can live off that water when they use the fat in their hump. *condensation and hydrolysis equations with words or for ...
... just like petroleum and can store a lot of energy – and not soluble in water When fats are metabolized for energy, it releases a lot more water than if you use glucose. Desert camels can live off that water when they use the fat in their hump. *condensation and hydrolysis equations with words or for ...
1. What is the source of our energy, and what is its fate in the body
... ATP synthesis reactions. In these and other oxygen-consuming redox reactions, the product may not be water, but one or more of three highly reactive species. The superoxide ion, !O2- , and the hydroxyl free radical, !OH, can grab an electron from a bond in another molecule, which results in breaking ...
... ATP synthesis reactions. In these and other oxygen-consuming redox reactions, the product may not be water, but one or more of three highly reactive species. The superoxide ion, !O2- , and the hydroxyl free radical, !OH, can grab an electron from a bond in another molecule, which results in breaking ...
Chapter 7
... (Remember this is per pyruvate molecule. You need to double this to get the number per glucose!) The remainder of the cycle is dedicated to rearranging the atoms to regenerate oxaloacetate to allow the cycle to continue. Note that the two carbons that entered the cycle in acetyl-CoA are not the two ...
... (Remember this is per pyruvate molecule. You need to double this to get the number per glucose!) The remainder of the cycle is dedicated to rearranging the atoms to regenerate oxaloacetate to allow the cycle to continue. Note that the two carbons that entered the cycle in acetyl-CoA are not the two ...
Metabolism of exercise
... work-rate can be maintained, while low-intensity work which has been under way for some time is totally aerobic. Nevertheless, there are also metabolic regulators. All physical work, at the outset, has an anaerobic component; even if it is of an intensity which can ultimately be maintained entirely ...
... work-rate can be maintained, while low-intensity work which has been under way for some time is totally aerobic. Nevertheless, there are also metabolic regulators. All physical work, at the outset, has an anaerobic component; even if it is of an intensity which can ultimately be maintained entirely ...
modelling human energy conversion and metabolism
... describes the physiological system of an athlete performing external work at the macroscopic level. Although the model can be applied to various endurance sports, we will apply it to bicycle racing here. The energy conversion relevant to propel the bicycle takes place in muscle. During cycling, less ...
... describes the physiological system of an athlete performing external work at the macroscopic level. Although the model can be applied to various endurance sports, we will apply it to bicycle racing here. The energy conversion relevant to propel the bicycle takes place in muscle. During cycling, less ...
Carbon Compounds 2-3 Foldable Instructions
... Sudan III solution is an indicator solution for fats & lipids. It turns red in the presence of fats & lipids. Benedict’s solution is an indicator solution for simple sugars. It changes from blue to yellow, orange or red. Iodine solution is an indicator solution for complex sugars. It changes from br ...
... Sudan III solution is an indicator solution for fats & lipids. It turns red in the presence of fats & lipids. Benedict’s solution is an indicator solution for simple sugars. It changes from blue to yellow, orange or red. Iodine solution is an indicator solution for complex sugars. It changes from br ...
Cellular respiration *vs
... This fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and produces only 2 molecules of ATP—Therefore, this is not as efficient of an energy path to follow. • So where does this fermentation occur—have you every been sore after a hard workout or from playing a sport you have not done for a long time? ...
... This fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and produces only 2 molecules of ATP—Therefore, this is not as efficient of an energy path to follow. • So where does this fermentation occur—have you every been sore after a hard workout or from playing a sport you have not done for a long time? ...
Ch 12
... • If we start with 1M reactants and products, the free energy change of that reaction is called the “standard” free energy • Go’ is a reflection of the chemical potential (stability of bonds) – Negative Go’ means equilibrium ...
... • If we start with 1M reactants and products, the free energy change of that reaction is called the “standard” free energy • Go’ is a reflection of the chemical potential (stability of bonds) – Negative Go’ means equilibrium ...
Energetics and Catabolism
... The direction of a reaction can be predicted by a thermodynamic quantity called Gibbs free energy change, G. - If Go’ < 0, the process may go forward. - If Go’ > 0, the reaction will go in reverse. ...
... The direction of a reaction can be predicted by a thermodynamic quantity called Gibbs free energy change, G. - If Go’ < 0, the process may go forward. - If Go’ > 0, the reaction will go in reverse. ...
Chapter 6: Metabolism and Energy
... Energy: The Ability to Do Work Exists in two states Kinetic energy: energy of motion Potential energy: stored energy that has the capacity of moving Living organisms transform potential energy into kinetic energy Thermodynamics: The Study of Energy Energy is readily measured by its conversion into h ...
... Energy: The Ability to Do Work Exists in two states Kinetic energy: energy of motion Potential energy: stored energy that has the capacity of moving Living organisms transform potential energy into kinetic energy Thermodynamics: The Study of Energy Energy is readily measured by its conversion into h ...
Basal metabolic rate
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the minimal rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. (McNab, B. K. 1997). On the Utility of Uniformity in the Definition of Basal Rate of Metabolism. Physiol. Zool. Vol.70; Metabolism refers to the processes that the body needs to function. Basal Metabolic Rate is the amount of energy expressed in calories that a person needs to keep the body functioning at rest. Some of those processes are breathing, blood circulation, controlling body temperature, cell growth, brain and nerve function, and contraction of muscles. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) affects the rate that a person burns calories and ultimately whether you maintain, gain, or lose weight. Your basal metabolic rate accounts for about 60 to 75% of the calories you burn every day. It is influenced by several factors.