Generation of Cosmological Perturbations by a First
... phase to a broken phase is of strongly first-order. However a very important issue of cosmology has been left out of arguments: One has to explain how and why the universe has attained the large scale inhomogeneities of matter distribution such as superclusters of galaxies. 9 ) This problem must be ...
... phase to a broken phase is of strongly first-order. However a very important issue of cosmology has been left out of arguments: One has to explain how and why the universe has attained the large scale inhomogeneities of matter distribution such as superclusters of galaxies. 9 ) This problem must be ...
Functions of the Gravitational Potential
... Put the average ground gravitational potential associated with the rest mass of the earth U E 6.24 107 (m / s)2 into formula (4.37) to get a constant speed: VE 20376 m / s which will be interpreted as the speed of a flux associated with the cosmic gravitational field in section 5. If the grav ...
... Put the average ground gravitational potential associated with the rest mass of the earth U E 6.24 107 (m / s)2 into formula (4.37) to get a constant speed: VE 20376 m / s which will be interpreted as the speed of a flux associated with the cosmic gravitational field in section 5. If the grav ...
Ph.D. THESIS Multipolar ordering in f
... state J multiplet. For most of the rare earth ions, the spin-orbit splitting is larger than the thermal energy kB T in the interesting temperature range. Thus it is good approximation to confine ourselves to the Hund’s rule ground state J multiplet1 . The relevant degrees of freedom for one ion are ...
... state J multiplet. For most of the rare earth ions, the spin-orbit splitting is larger than the thermal energy kB T in the interesting temperature range. Thus it is good approximation to confine ourselves to the Hund’s rule ground state J multiplet1 . The relevant degrees of freedom for one ion are ...
Parity violating measurements of neutron densities
... asymmetries (with appropriate theoretical errors) on the first few excited states of Ca-48? Our acceptance falls off to zero above about 5 MeV, but we may accept a small fraction of events up to 5 MeV of inelasticity. 3. At the level of accuracy proposed, are there any other outstanding theoretical ...
... asymmetries (with appropriate theoretical errors) on the first few excited states of Ca-48? Our acceptance falls off to zero above about 5 MeV, but we may accept a small fraction of events up to 5 MeV of inelasticity. 3. At the level of accuracy proposed, are there any other outstanding theoretical ...
Cosmic Strings - University of Amsterdam
... The cosmic microwave background (CMB) shows the afterglow of the Big Bang, with slight temperature differences indicating density fluctuations responsible for the structure in our universe. When cosmic strings were first predicted, they were a candidate for the seeds of density perturbations that c ...
... The cosmic microwave background (CMB) shows the afterglow of the Big Bang, with slight temperature differences indicating density fluctuations responsible for the structure in our universe. When cosmic strings were first predicted, they were a candidate for the seeds of density perturbations that c ...
cp violation and the origins of matter
... at high energies does not respect some symmetry, like baryon number. At low energies we must include all local operators, including those that violate baryon number, an apparently disastrous result. But if the theory has an accidental symmetry, the only such operators are of dimension greater than f ...
... at high energies does not respect some symmetry, like baryon number. At low energies we must include all local operators, including those that violate baryon number, an apparently disastrous result. But if the theory has an accidental symmetry, the only such operators are of dimension greater than f ...
An Introduction to the Standard Model
... membranes) such a description is an idealization which is valid for distances larger than the characteristic lenght which measures the granularity of the medium (the air for sound waves). For smaller distances these theories are then modified in a profound way. Apparently, the electromagnetic field ...
... membranes) such a description is an idealization which is valid for distances larger than the characteristic lenght which measures the granularity of the medium (the air for sound waves). For smaller distances these theories are then modified in a profound way. Apparently, the electromagnetic field ...
Subatomic particle processes within neutron stars
... accretion of matter from a lower mass, less dense companion within the binary. Angular momentum added to a neutron star in this way is consumed by inhibiting a further spin-up until the quark-matter has been converted into a mixed phase of matter made up of hadrons and quarks [1]. There will be an a ...
... accretion of matter from a lower mass, less dense companion within the binary. Angular momentum added to a neutron star in this way is consumed by inhibiting a further spin-up until the quark-matter has been converted into a mixed phase of matter made up of hadrons and quarks [1]. There will be an a ...
higher dimensional defects in cosmology tufts university
... gravity with quantum field theory. Our best candidate of quantum gravity, superstring theory, requires ten-dimensional space-time for mathematical consistency. However, since our world appears four-dimensional there must be a mechanism that “hides” extra dimensions so that we do not experience them ...
... gravity with quantum field theory. Our best candidate of quantum gravity, superstring theory, requires ten-dimensional space-time for mathematical consistency. However, since our world appears four-dimensional there must be a mechanism that “hides” extra dimensions so that we do not experience them ...
Vacuum Energy
... (2000) presents and studies a possible mechanism of extracting energies from the vacuum by external classical fields. Taking a constant magnetic field as an example, he discusses why and how the vacuum energy can be released in the context of quantum field theories. In addition, he gives a theoretic ...
... (2000) presents and studies a possible mechanism of extracting energies from the vacuum by external classical fields. Taking a constant magnetic field as an example, he discusses why and how the vacuum energy can be released in the context of quantum field theories. In addition, he gives a theoretic ...
Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology Master’s Thesis Erik Enqvist
... the oxygen atoms bound to the surface dissolve into the bulk material, causing a clean activated surface. The getter can be deposited as a thin film on the inner walls of vacuum chambers by sputtering. NEG film coatings are widely used in UHV systems for particle accelerators to assure distributed p ...
... the oxygen atoms bound to the surface dissolve into the bulk material, causing a clean activated surface. The getter can be deposited as a thin film on the inner walls of vacuum chambers by sputtering. NEG film coatings are widely used in UHV systems for particle accelerators to assure distributed p ...
IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)
... It is generally believed that strange quark matter, consisting of and quarks, is the most energetically favourable state of baryon matter. Witten [24] suggested that there are two ways of formation of the strange matter: the quarkhadron phase transition in the early universe and the conversion of ne ...
... It is generally believed that strange quark matter, consisting of and quarks, is the most energetically favourable state of baryon matter. Witten [24] suggested that there are two ways of formation of the strange matter: the quarkhadron phase transition in the early universe and the conversion of ne ...
Enhanced sensitivity of the LIGO gravitational The LIGO Scientific Collaboration*
... photon counting noise (shot noise), arising from statistical fluctuations in the arrival time of photons at the interferometer output, and radiation pressure noise, which is the recoil of the mirrors due to the radiation pressure arising from quantum fluctuations in the photon flux. Both sources can be ...
... photon counting noise (shot noise), arising from statistical fluctuations in the arrival time of photons at the interferometer output, and radiation pressure noise, which is the recoil of the mirrors due to the radiation pressure arising from quantum fluctuations in the photon flux. Both sources can be ...
Electroweak Precision Observables and Effective
... wave, the photon has two helicity states. One the other hand, a Lorentz vector has four components. Only two of them (or certain linear combinations) can therefore correspond to physical degrees of freedom. The additional components arise due to the gauge freedom we already observe at the classical ...
... wave, the photon has two helicity states. One the other hand, a Lorentz vector has four components. Only two of them (or certain linear combinations) can therefore correspond to physical degrees of freedom. The additional components arise due to the gauge freedom we already observe at the classical ...
Zero Modes in Compact Lattice QED
... problem, occurs. Light is shed on this unwanted phenomenon before several ways leading more or less out of this dilemma are discussed. Thereafter attention is given to renormalization on the lattice and the phase structure of compact lattice QED. The Metropolis method for updating the gauge fields i ...
... problem, occurs. Light is shed on this unwanted phenomenon before several ways leading more or less out of this dilemma are discussed. Thereafter attention is given to renormalization on the lattice and the phase structure of compact lattice QED. The Metropolis method for updating the gauge fields i ...
Bogoliubov`s Vision: Quasiaverages and Broken Symmetry to
... The developments in many-body theory and quantum field theory, in the theory of phase transitions, and in the general theory of symmetry provided a new perspective. As it was emphasized by Callen,28, 29 it appeared that symmetry considerations lie ubiquitously at the very roots of thermodynamic theo ...
... The developments in many-body theory and quantum field theory, in the theory of phase transitions, and in the general theory of symmetry provided a new perspective. As it was emphasized by Callen,28, 29 it appeared that symmetry considerations lie ubiquitously at the very roots of thermodynamic theo ...
3, Coherent and Squeezed States 1. Coherent states 2. Squeezed
... Attenuation of Coherent States Glauber showed that a classical oscillating current in free space produces a multimode coherent state of light. The quantum noise of a laser operating at far above threshold is close to that of a coherent state. A coherent state does not change its quantum noise prope ...
... Attenuation of Coherent States Glauber showed that a classical oscillating current in free space produces a multimode coherent state of light. The quantum noise of a laser operating at far above threshold is close to that of a coherent state. A coherent state does not change its quantum noise prope ...
Document
... The total decay rate depends on the coupling constant and the phase space. For a fixed coupling constant, the rate is the integral of : ...
... The total decay rate depends on the coupling constant and the phase space. For a fixed coupling constant, the rate is the integral of : ...
here.
... Quantization of radiation field in radiation gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 ...
... Quantization of radiation field in radiation gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 ...
Notes for course on Physics of Particles and Fields, CMI, Autumn
... Quantization of radiation field in radiation gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 ...
... Quantization of radiation field in radiation gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 ...
Pulsars as Astrophysical Laboratories for Nuclear and Particle Physics
... vector mesons (κ = ω, ρ). In RMF, RHF and RBHF the meson-baryon vertices Γ̂α (α = σ, ω, δ, ρ) are density-independent quantities which are given by expressions like Γ̂σ = igσ for the scalar σ meson, Γ̂µω = gω γ µ + (i/2)(fω /2m)∂λ [γ λ , γ µ ] for ω mesons, etc. [2]. In the framework of the DD-RBHF ...
... vector mesons (κ = ω, ρ). In RMF, RHF and RBHF the meson-baryon vertices Γ̂α (α = σ, ω, δ, ρ) are density-independent quantities which are given by expressions like Γ̂σ = igσ for the scalar σ meson, Γ̂µω = gω γ µ + (i/2)(fω /2m)∂λ [γ λ , γ µ ] for ω mesons, etc. [2]. In the framework of the DD-RBHF ...
vortices - University of Toronto Physics
... In this simple picture the core is like a string, in which the superfluid density goes to zero at the origin - the core has a finite diameter, because the singularity in the phase cannot persist in bulk superfluid. In He-4 this diameter is very small (only about 1 Angstrom!), but in other superfluid ...
... In this simple picture the core is like a string, in which the superfluid density goes to zero at the origin - the core has a finite diameter, because the singularity in the phase cannot persist in bulk superfluid. In He-4 this diameter is very small (only about 1 Angstrom!), but in other superfluid ...