Epipelagic and mesopelagic fishes in the southern California
... Mesopelagic (aka midwater) fishes have been largely neglected in models of pelagic food web dynamics for productive marine ecosystems. The ‘wasp-waist’ paradigm, for example, posits that eastern boundary current ecosystems are unstable because only a few species, such as sardine and anchovy, dominate ...
... Mesopelagic (aka midwater) fishes have been largely neglected in models of pelagic food web dynamics for productive marine ecosystems. The ‘wasp-waist’ paradigm, for example, posits that eastern boundary current ecosystems are unstable because only a few species, such as sardine and anchovy, dominate ...
A LITERATURE REVIEW of THE ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS of
... speed by about 15%. The length of time required for the dredge tracks to fill in is highly variable, depending on location as well as the original depth of the trench. Factors that affect track persistence include sediment type, depth, wind and tidal currents, vegetation, and whether an area is subt ...
... speed by about 15%. The length of time required for the dredge tracks to fill in is highly variable, depending on location as well as the original depth of the trench. Factors that affect track persistence include sediment type, depth, wind and tidal currents, vegetation, and whether an area is subt ...
Habitat: Oyster Reefs - Oyster Restoration Workgroup
... Oysters filter tremendous amounts of water while feeding (Newell, 1988). By filtering water column particulates, nutrients, sediment, and phytoplankton, oyster reefs increase light penetration to deeper layers, thus promoting the growth of SAV and, via denitrification, reduce anthropogenic nitrogen ...
... Oysters filter tremendous amounts of water while feeding (Newell, 1988). By filtering water column particulates, nutrients, sediment, and phytoplankton, oyster reefs increase light penetration to deeper layers, thus promoting the growth of SAV and, via denitrification, reduce anthropogenic nitrogen ...
Highly resolved early Eocene food webs show development of
... Event [25]. These K–Pg to Messel events (electronic supplementary material, table S5) likely affected food web structure, particularly for Northern Hemisphere ecosystems, that would represent a major, cumulative effect of the previous 18 Myr and not the subsequent 48 Myr of ecosystem change reflecte ...
... Event [25]. These K–Pg to Messel events (electronic supplementary material, table S5) likely affected food web structure, particularly for Northern Hemisphere ecosystems, that would represent a major, cumulative effect of the previous 18 Myr and not the subsequent 48 Myr of ecosystem change reflecte ...
Living Resources - State of New Jersey
... up to 14 feet (4.3 m), and weigh over 800 pounds (364 kg). They are distinguished by armor-like plates called “scutes“ and a long snout. They are opportunistic benthic feeders filtering quantities of mud along with their food which consists of aquatic invertebrates (Vladykov and Greely 1963). Mature ...
... up to 14 feet (4.3 m), and weigh over 800 pounds (364 kg). They are distinguished by armor-like plates called “scutes“ and a long snout. They are opportunistic benthic feeders filtering quantities of mud along with their food which consists of aquatic invertebrates (Vladykov and Greely 1963). Mature ...
In search of operational trophospecies in a tropical aquatic ,food web
... of which speciesin the system eat which others, with trophic interactions regarded simply as either present up using the first generation food web data. One or absent for each pair of species. A dynamic food might wish to know how closely the first generation web is a model of population and predati ...
... of which speciesin the system eat which others, with trophic interactions regarded simply as either present up using the first generation food web data. One or absent for each pair of species. A dynamic food might wish to know how closely the first generation web is a model of population and predati ...
MANN, K. H. Production and use of detritus in various freshwater
... plant detritus, rendering it nutritious for animals. Algal (seaweed, diatom, etc.) detritus starts with a lower fiber content and a higher nitrogen content. Many animals can use it directly, and a very short period of microbial colonization renders it highly nutritious. As a result, a high proportio ...
... plant detritus, rendering it nutritious for animals. Algal (seaweed, diatom, etc.) detritus starts with a lower fiber content and a higher nitrogen content. Many animals can use it directly, and a very short period of microbial colonization renders it highly nutritious. As a result, a high proportio ...
Paper
... Dynamics) scientists examined zooplankton populations and their predators in four coastal marine ecosystems: Georges Bank/Gulf of Maine, Northern California Current, coastal Gulf of Alaska, and western Antarctic Peninsula (Turner et al., 2013, in this issue). In each, understanding the spatial and t ...
... Dynamics) scientists examined zooplankton populations and their predators in four coastal marine ecosystems: Georges Bank/Gulf of Maine, Northern California Current, coastal Gulf of Alaska, and western Antarctic Peninsula (Turner et al., 2013, in this issue). In each, understanding the spatial and t ...
A meso-predator release of stickleback promotes recruitment of
... treatments (Fig. 1, main effect: F3,8 = 5.49, P b 0.05). Nutrient enrichment resulted in almost a doubling in the mean number of algal recruits (482 ± 161.3 and 840 ± 312.7, number per dm², ambient and enriched, respectively, mean ± SE, no interaction effect), but variability of algal abundances was ...
... treatments (Fig. 1, main effect: F3,8 = 5.49, P b 0.05). Nutrient enrichment resulted in almost a doubling in the mean number of algal recruits (482 ± 161.3 and 840 ± 312.7, number per dm², ambient and enriched, respectively, mean ± SE, no interaction effect), but variability of algal abundances was ...
SCHULZE, PETER C., HORACIO E. ZAGARESE, AND CRAIG E
... chambers and the hoses that connected them to the reservoirs were cleaned weekly. Flow rates were controlled by adjusting the pressure head and the length and diameter of the outflow hoses. The flow rate of this system is not affected by the level of medium in the reservoir because air enters the Ma ...
... chambers and the hoses that connected them to the reservoirs were cleaned weekly. Flow rates were controlled by adjusting the pressure head and the length and diameter of the outflow hoses. The flow rate of this system is not affected by the level of medium in the reservoir because air enters the Ma ...
Mod2/3-B Lake Ecology
... There are always many species abundant “somewhere” in the water column or littoral zone ...
... There are always many species abundant “somewhere” in the water column or littoral zone ...
evaluation of the factors that limit Olympia oyster
... between the coastal towns of Santa Cruz and Monterey, consists of a network of interconnected estuarine channels, the largest of which is Elkhorn Slough. Other channels include Bennett Slough, Moro Cojo Slough, Tembladero Slough, and the old Salinas River channel. The Elkhorn Slough watershed has un ...
... between the coastal towns of Santa Cruz and Monterey, consists of a network of interconnected estuarine channels, the largest of which is Elkhorn Slough. Other channels include Bennett Slough, Moro Cojo Slough, Tembladero Slough, and the old Salinas River channel. The Elkhorn Slough watershed has un ...
Diss für PDF - Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek
... The life cycle of copepods in tropical and subtropical regions is characterised by continuous and irregular breeding throughout the year without any seasonality. This, together with lacking seasonal variation in prosome length (Chisholm and Roff 1990a) makes it difficult to identify successive brood ...
... The life cycle of copepods in tropical and subtropical regions is characterised by continuous and irregular breeding throughout the year without any seasonality. This, together with lacking seasonal variation in prosome length (Chisholm and Roff 1990a) makes it difficult to identify successive brood ...
The Biology of Lakes and Ponds
... to the tropical regions that experience high temperatures year-round. Of course, this large variation in spatial and temporal scale as well as in climatic conditions creates a tremendous difference in the environmental conditions experienced by the organisms that inhabit these systems. Thus, organis ...
... to the tropical regions that experience high temperatures year-round. Of course, this large variation in spatial and temporal scale as well as in climatic conditions creates a tremendous difference in the environmental conditions experienced by the organisms that inhabit these systems. Thus, organis ...
Towards a framework for assessment and management of
... and high-level predators. Carnivores and omnivores and ...
... and high-level predators. Carnivores and omnivores and ...
STUDIES ON TAXONOMY, DISTRIBUTION
... natural habitats of rotifers and their relationships with different ecological parameters in which they grow in nature. Information on the interrelationships of rotifers with other planktonic organisms would also help us in better understanding of their position in the natural food web. ...
... natural habitats of rotifers and their relationships with different ecological parameters in which they grow in nature. Information on the interrelationships of rotifers with other planktonic organisms would also help us in better understanding of their position in the natural food web. ...
Verween et al. 2006
... species was first observed again in Chesapeake Bay in the 1960s (Pfitzenmeyer and Drobeck 1964, Hopkins and Andrews 1970) where it might have been present before 1955 (Hopkins and Andrews 1970). Prior to the 1960s R. cuneata was not observed, while in the 1960s R. cuneata was extremely abundant and ...
... species was first observed again in Chesapeake Bay in the 1960s (Pfitzenmeyer and Drobeck 1964, Hopkins and Andrews 1970) where it might have been present before 1955 (Hopkins and Andrews 1970). Prior to the 1960s R. cuneata was not observed, while in the 1960s R. cuneata was extremely abundant and ...
Reliable flows and preferred patterns in food webs
... In flow networks, the reliability of the network flow can easily be increased by adding new edges. Nevertheless, in the case of food webs, it can be shown on population dynamical grounds, that high connectance results in instability (Gardner and Ashby, 1970; May, 1972; McMurtrie, 1975; Rejmánek and ...
... In flow networks, the reliability of the network flow can easily be increased by adding new edges. Nevertheless, in the case of food webs, it can be shown on population dynamical grounds, that high connectance results in instability (Gardner and Ashby, 1970; May, 1972; McMurtrie, 1975; Rejmánek and ...
The Role of Body Size in Complex Food Webs: A Cold - ePIC
... decline or go extinct more rapidly than those that are smaller (Cardillo, 2003; Layer et al., 2011; McKinney, 1997). This suggests that some life-history traits like body size are linked to susceptibility to extinction and thus may be more likely to trigger secondary extinctions. Body size is a usef ...
... decline or go extinct more rapidly than those that are smaller (Cardillo, 2003; Layer et al., 2011; McKinney, 1997). This suggests that some life-history traits like body size are linked to susceptibility to extinction and thus may be more likely to trigger secondary extinctions. Body size is a usef ...
Ecological subsystems via graph theory: the role of
... transformed into a single compartment. In this way, a DAG for every network was obtained. Performing topological sort on each DAG yielded a sequential chain of energy flow. Using the Baltic Sea network as an example, the entire process is pictorially represented in Fig. 1. In it, one sees the networ ...
... transformed into a single compartment. In this way, a DAG for every network was obtained. Performing topological sort on each DAG yielded a sequential chain of energy flow. Using the Baltic Sea network as an example, the entire process is pictorially represented in Fig. 1. In it, one sees the networ ...
The Role of Macroinvertebrates in Stream Ecosystem Function
... are characterized by many diverse microhabitats(51), which result from physical factors, such as relief, lithology, runoff, and large woody debris, that generate an array of channel forms (15). Physical heterogeneity, including the substrate and the current velocity of a stream channel, is an import ...
... are characterized by many diverse microhabitats(51), which result from physical factors, such as relief, lithology, runoff, and large woody debris, that generate an array of channel forms (15). Physical heterogeneity, including the substrate and the current velocity of a stream channel, is an import ...
pdf
... The 2000 Chesapeake Bay Agreement states the following goal: “By 2004, assess the effects of different population levels of filter feeders such as menhaden, oysters and clams on Bay water quality and habitat.” Clearly, the existing model cannot be used readily to assess the effects of menhaden or ot ...
... The 2000 Chesapeake Bay Agreement states the following goal: “By 2004, assess the effects of different population levels of filter feeders such as menhaden, oysters and clams on Bay water quality and habitat.” Clearly, the existing model cannot be used readily to assess the effects of menhaden or ot ...
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... suggests that there may be differences in foraging behaviour between the sexes. In addition to gender differences, numerous environmental factors may influence the foraging activity of cormorants within an estuarine environment (e.g., Richner 1995; Dorfman and Kingsford 2001). The spatial and tempor ...
... suggests that there may be differences in foraging behaviour between the sexes. In addition to gender differences, numerous environmental factors may influence the foraging activity of cormorants within an estuarine environment (e.g., Richner 1995; Dorfman and Kingsford 2001). The spatial and tempor ...
Dinger EC, Hendrickson DA, Winsborough BM, Marks JC (2006)
... Cuatro Ciénegas) that also harbor diverse metazoans, alternative hypotheses have been posed to explain the global decline of stromatolites include changing sedimentological conditions (Pratt, 1982), changes in seawater carbonate saturation (Grotzinger, 1990) and competition for space with other alg ...
... Cuatro Ciénegas) that also harbor diverse metazoans, alternative hypotheses have been posed to explain the global decline of stromatolites include changing sedimentological conditions (Pratt, 1982), changes in seawater carbonate saturation (Grotzinger, 1990) and competition for space with other alg ...
Ecology of the San Francisco Estuary
The San Francisco Estuary together with the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta represents a highly altered ecosystem. The region has been heavily re-engineered to accommodate the needs of water delivery, shipping, agriculture, and most recently, suburban development. These needs have wrought direct changes in the movement of water and the nature of the landscape, and indirect changes from the introduction of non-native species. New species have altered the architecture of the food web as surely as levees have altered the landscape of islands and channels that form the complex system known as the Delta.This article deals particularly with the ecology of the low salinity zone (LSZ) of the estuary. Reconstructing a historic food web for the LSZ is difficult for a number of reasons. First, there is no clear record of the species that historically have occupied the estuary. Second, the San Francisco Estuary and Delta have been in geologic and hydrologic transition for most of their 10,000 year history, and so describing the ""natural"" condition of the estuary is much like ""hitting a moving target"". Climate change, hydrologic engineering, shifting water needs, and newly introduced species will continue to alter the food web configuration of the estuary. This model provides a snapshot of the current state, with notes about recent changes or species introductions that have altered the configuration of the food web. Understanding the dynamics of the current food web may prove useful for restoration efforts to improve the functioning and species diversity of the estuary.