Chapter01 Introduction Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins (绪论
... Exotic proteins - Antifreeze proteins in fish Hierarchy of protein structure Primary Structure (1º) : Unique sequence of amino acids: sequence is determined by genetic material Secondary Structure (2º) : coiling /folding as a result of hydrogen bonding Tertiary Structure (3º) : 3-D shape due to bond ...
... Exotic proteins - Antifreeze proteins in fish Hierarchy of protein structure Primary Structure (1º) : Unique sequence of amino acids: sequence is determined by genetic material Secondary Structure (2º) : coiling /folding as a result of hydrogen bonding Tertiary Structure (3º) : 3-D shape due to bond ...
dna - Kowenscience.com
... Transcription begins with the opening and unwinding of a small portion of the DNA double helix to expose the bases on each DNA strand. One of the two strands of the DNA double helix then acts as a template for the synthesis of an RNA molecule. As in DNA replication, the nucleotide sequence of th ...
... Transcription begins with the opening and unwinding of a small portion of the DNA double helix to expose the bases on each DNA strand. One of the two strands of the DNA double helix then acts as a template for the synthesis of an RNA molecule. As in DNA replication, the nucleotide sequence of th ...
semester two final review key units 5 and 6 only
... 1. Definitions to know: monomer, polymer, biochemistry, hydrocarbon, carbohydrate, protein, lipids, and nucleic acids. Monomer: a molecule of any class of compounds, mostly organic that can react with other molecules that can form larger molecules Polymer: any of a class of natural or synthetic subs ...
... 1. Definitions to know: monomer, polymer, biochemistry, hydrocarbon, carbohydrate, protein, lipids, and nucleic acids. Monomer: a molecule of any class of compounds, mostly organic that can react with other molecules that can form larger molecules Polymer: any of a class of natural or synthetic subs ...
Protein Folding Activity
... B. Acidic sidechains contain two _______ atoms. This is called a carboxylic acid functional group. Draw a carboxylic acid functional group in the space below. ...
... B. Acidic sidechains contain two _______ atoms. This is called a carboxylic acid functional group. Draw a carboxylic acid functional group in the space below. ...
Lect2(Enzim
... The contrast between a reaction catalysed by an enzyme and by a nonenzymatic catalyst is well illustrated by the process of nitrogen fixation (i.e. reduction of N2 to ammonia). Nitrogenase catalyses this reaction at temperatures around 300 K and at neutral pH. The enzyme is a complex system compri ...
... The contrast between a reaction catalysed by an enzyme and by a nonenzymatic catalyst is well illustrated by the process of nitrogen fixation (i.e. reduction of N2 to ammonia). Nitrogenase catalyses this reaction at temperatures around 300 K and at neutral pH. The enzyme is a complex system compri ...
Computational Biology 1 - Bioinformatics Institute
... few additional interactions can increase stability e.g. Taq DNA polymerase used in PCR. • Thermophilic proteins retain their structure and activity at high temperatures (e.g. found in microorganisms that live in thermal vents in the deep ...
... few additional interactions can increase stability e.g. Taq DNA polymerase used in PCR. • Thermophilic proteins retain their structure and activity at high temperatures (e.g. found in microorganisms that live in thermal vents in the deep ...
Amino acidopathies: defects in amino acid metabolism
... Eumelanin polymers are composed of numerous cross-linked 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) and 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2carboxylic acid (DHICA) polymers. Two types are recognized: black and brown. A small amount of black eumelanin in the absence of other pigments causes grey hair. A small amount of brown eumela ...
... Eumelanin polymers are composed of numerous cross-linked 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) and 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2carboxylic acid (DHICA) polymers. Two types are recognized: black and brown. A small amount of black eumelanin in the absence of other pigments causes grey hair. A small amount of brown eumela ...
Poster
... observed in the UV-Vis experiment does consume molecular oxygen • Shows oxygen is necessary for formation of 4HKA ...
... observed in the UV-Vis experiment does consume molecular oxygen • Shows oxygen is necessary for formation of 4HKA ...
Powerpoint Presentation: Translation
... same direction 5’ to 3’ (the same way as transcription and replication) The polypeptide chain is constructed from the amino end to the carboxyl end ...
... same direction 5’ to 3’ (the same way as transcription and replication) The polypeptide chain is constructed from the amino end to the carboxyl end ...
Ch. 2 Macromolecules
... You are in the fourth quarter of a basketball or football game and you are completely exhausted (and I mean gassed). You slam a bottle of Gatorade and you immediately begin to get your “second wind.” What macromolecule in Gatorade is ...
... You are in the fourth quarter of a basketball or football game and you are completely exhausted (and I mean gassed). You slam a bottle of Gatorade and you immediately begin to get your “second wind.” What macromolecule in Gatorade is ...
PDF only - at www.arxiv.org.
... hierarchical organization [3]. For example, the code distinguishes most clearly between pyrimidine (Y, Uracil or Cytosine) and purine (R, Adenine or Guanine) bases [4]. Since the number of heterocyclic rings differ in Y and R bases, mutations that preserve this classification, called transitions, ar ...
... hierarchical organization [3]. For example, the code distinguishes most clearly between pyrimidine (Y, Uracil or Cytosine) and purine (R, Adenine or Guanine) bases [4]. Since the number of heterocyclic rings differ in Y and R bases, mutations that preserve this classification, called transitions, ar ...
Transcription Study Guide
... complementary - matching, such as between pairs of nucleotides in a DNA molecule cytidine - one of the nucleotide bases in which cells store their genetic code. Cytidine bonds with guanosine in both DNA and RNA. DNA - the molecule that stores and encodes an organism’s genetic information. DNA is a ...
... complementary - matching, such as between pairs of nucleotides in a DNA molecule cytidine - one of the nucleotide bases in which cells store their genetic code. Cytidine bonds with guanosine in both DNA and RNA. DNA - the molecule that stores and encodes an organism’s genetic information. DNA is a ...
CHAPTERS 23-25
... In one cycle four redox reactions produce 3 NADH and 1 FADH2 One molecule of GTP is generated Fig 23.7 page 719 Citrate synthetase is an allosteric enzyme that is inhibited by ATP and NADH and activated by ADP ...
... In one cycle four redox reactions produce 3 NADH and 1 FADH2 One molecule of GTP is generated Fig 23.7 page 719 Citrate synthetase is an allosteric enzyme that is inhibited by ATP and NADH and activated by ADP ...
Article - Nature
... they are encoded in biosynthetic gene clusters responsible for their respective compounds. GrhP,13 RubR, ORF11,14 and TblS, which belong to the same clade, have no catalytic Cys ...
... they are encoded in biosynthetic gene clusters responsible for their respective compounds. GrhP,13 RubR, ORF11,14 and TblS, which belong to the same clade, have no catalytic Cys ...
Organic compounds are covalent compounds composed of carbon
... Carbon atoms bond together to form a structure called a backbone. It makes the molecule very strong. There are three types of structures for organic compounds. ...
... Carbon atoms bond together to form a structure called a backbone. It makes the molecule very strong. There are three types of structures for organic compounds. ...
2.277 December 2005 Final Exam
... An enzyme-catalyzed reaction was carried out with the substrate concentration initially 10 times greater than the Km for that substrate. After 15 minutes, 2% of the substrate had been converted to product, and the amount of product formed in the reaction mixture was 45 µmol. If, in a separate experi ...
... An enzyme-catalyzed reaction was carried out with the substrate concentration initially 10 times greater than the Km for that substrate. After 15 minutes, 2% of the substrate had been converted to product, and the amount of product formed in the reaction mixture was 45 µmol. If, in a separate experi ...
unit 2 – the chemistry of life
... Most important representatives and their functions: o Starch – a storage polysaccharide of plants that consists entirely of glucose molecules that join by a 1-4 carbon linkage by two α-glucose molecules. The molecule is helical. Two subgroups of starches are amylose and amylopectin. o Glycogen – a s ...
... Most important representatives and their functions: o Starch – a storage polysaccharide of plants that consists entirely of glucose molecules that join by a 1-4 carbon linkage by two α-glucose molecules. The molecule is helical. Two subgroups of starches are amylose and amylopectin. o Glycogen – a s ...
Valine Mydrogenase from Streptmzyces fiadipe
... After SDS-PAGE the enzyme exhibited a single band correspondingto an M,of about 18000. Thus, the enzyme appears to consist of 12 subunits of similar M,. Isoelectric focusing of the VDH in a polyacrylamidegel showed the PI value to be 4.7 (Fig. 1). Eflect of p H and temperature on the erczynte activi ...
... After SDS-PAGE the enzyme exhibited a single band correspondingto an M,of about 18000. Thus, the enzyme appears to consist of 12 subunits of similar M,. Isoelectric focusing of the VDH in a polyacrylamidegel showed the PI value to be 4.7 (Fig. 1). Eflect of p H and temperature on the erczynte activi ...
Chapter 10 Summary
... vitamin is stored, toxicity can occur, resulting in neurological problems. Good sources of vitamin B 6 include chickpeas (garbanzo beans), fish, liver, and potatoes, as well as fortified breakfast cereals and bakery products. Biotin acts as a coenzyme for enzymes catalyzing carboxylation reactions. ...
... vitamin is stored, toxicity can occur, resulting in neurological problems. Good sources of vitamin B 6 include chickpeas (garbanzo beans), fish, liver, and potatoes, as well as fortified breakfast cereals and bakery products. Biotin acts as a coenzyme for enzymes catalyzing carboxylation reactions. ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.