20.2 Classification of Enzymes
... Isoenzymes As Diagnostic Tools Isoenzymes • are different forms of an enzyme that catalyze the same reaction in different cells or tissues of the body. • have quaternary structures with slight variations in the amino acids in the polypeptide subunits. There are five isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogena ...
... Isoenzymes As Diagnostic Tools Isoenzymes • are different forms of an enzyme that catalyze the same reaction in different cells or tissues of the body. • have quaternary structures with slight variations in the amino acids in the polypeptide subunits. There are five isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogena ...
PROTEIN CHEMISTRY
... There are both attractive and repulsive van der Waals forces that control protein folding. Attractive van der Waals forces involve the interactions among induced dipoles that arise from fluctuations in the charge densities that occur between adjacent uncharged nonbonded atoms. Repulsive van der Waal ...
... There are both attractive and repulsive van der Waals forces that control protein folding. Attractive van der Waals forces involve the interactions among induced dipoles that arise from fluctuations in the charge densities that occur between adjacent uncharged nonbonded atoms. Repulsive van der Waal ...
PSI- Genes
... chapter that DNA's nucleotides hydrogen bond to form a double-helix The complementary base pairs of DNA are: guanine (G) with cytosine (C) and adenine (A) with thymine (T) The nucleotides of one strand bond to matching nucleotides in a second strand, to create the double stranded helix. DNA is a goo ...
... chapter that DNA's nucleotides hydrogen bond to form a double-helix The complementary base pairs of DNA are: guanine (G) with cytosine (C) and adenine (A) with thymine (T) The nucleotides of one strand bond to matching nucleotides in a second strand, to create the double stranded helix. DNA is a goo ...
Key concepts for Essay #1
... DNA polymerase copies the exposed single strands of DNA DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to a free three prime side DNA ligase seals Okazaki fragments together DNA polymerase proof-reads the new strands ...
... DNA polymerase copies the exposed single strands of DNA DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to a free three prime side DNA ligase seals Okazaki fragments together DNA polymerase proof-reads the new strands ...
Chapter 3: Enzymes: Structure and Function
... The active site is often a hydrophobic hollow or cleft with key polar (or nonpolar) amino acids in key locations on the enzyme surface that can accept substrates and cofactors. The enzyme contains amino acids that interact with the substrate and cofactor in the usual way (ionic interactions, H bond ...
... The active site is often a hydrophobic hollow or cleft with key polar (or nonpolar) amino acids in key locations on the enzyme surface that can accept substrates and cofactors. The enzyme contains amino acids that interact with the substrate and cofactor in the usual way (ionic interactions, H bond ...
Scott et al. 2006
... 1983; Schidlowski, 2001). Insight into many elemental cycles on the planet has been garnered by examining the bulk changes in carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, hydrogen, and oxygen isotopes in response to biology. Advancements in the 1960s (Abelson and Hoering, 1961) increased the efficiency of examining th ...
... 1983; Schidlowski, 2001). Insight into many elemental cycles on the planet has been garnered by examining the bulk changes in carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, hydrogen, and oxygen isotopes in response to biology. Advancements in the 1960s (Abelson and Hoering, 1961) increased the efficiency of examining th ...
Kitchen Microbiology
... Vinegar is made by two distinct biological processes, both the result of the action of harmless microorganisms (yeast and “Acetobacter”) that turn sugars (carbohydrates) into acetic acid. ...
... Vinegar is made by two distinct biological processes, both the result of the action of harmless microorganisms (yeast and “Acetobacter”) that turn sugars (carbohydrates) into acetic acid. ...
Interpreting the Genetic Code
... The genetic code appears to be Non-random in nature and designed with considerable safeguards against harmful point mutations An evolutionary model suggests at least at some level of randomness in assignment of amino acids to codons No mechanism exists for genetic code evolution Thus variation in th ...
... The genetic code appears to be Non-random in nature and designed with considerable safeguards against harmful point mutations An evolutionary model suggests at least at some level of randomness in assignment of amino acids to codons No mechanism exists for genetic code evolution Thus variation in th ...
A1990CK52000002
... Information melts away whenever an error and other chemical constraints, and in some threshold—well defined by the theory—is excases it may involve “intelligent” control of ceeded. Notice that it is not matter that melts rate and specificity. away. Rather it is information that represents If all thi ...
... Information melts away whenever an error and other chemical constraints, and in some threshold—well defined by the theory—is excases it may involve “intelligent” control of ceeded. Notice that it is not matter that melts rate and specificity. away. Rather it is information that represents If all thi ...
A1990CK51900002
... Information melts away whenever an error and other chemical constraints, and in some threshold—well defined by the theory—is excases it may involve “intelligent” control of ceeded. Notice that it is not matter that melts rate and specificity. away. Rather it is information that represents If all thi ...
... Information melts away whenever an error and other chemical constraints, and in some threshold—well defined by the theory—is excases it may involve “intelligent” control of ceeded. Notice that it is not matter that melts rate and specificity. away. Rather it is information that represents If all thi ...
A1990CK52000001
... Information melts away whenever an error and other chemical constraints, and in some threshold—well defined by the theory—is excases it may involve “intelligent” control of ceeded. Notice that it is not matter that melts rate and specificity. away. Rather it is information that represents If all thi ...
... Information melts away whenever an error and other chemical constraints, and in some threshold—well defined by the theory—is excases it may involve “intelligent” control of ceeded. Notice that it is not matter that melts rate and specificity. away. Rather it is information that represents If all thi ...
Enzymes I - eCurriculum
... Do not follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics (hyperbolic), they show sigmoideal plots Have two or more subunits The substrate binding sites exhibit co-operativity Are modified by reversible non-covalent binding of regulators Allosteric activators lock the enzyme in a conformation that has high affinity f ...
... Do not follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics (hyperbolic), they show sigmoideal plots Have two or more subunits The substrate binding sites exhibit co-operativity Are modified by reversible non-covalent binding of regulators Allosteric activators lock the enzyme in a conformation that has high affinity f ...
Plant Physiology Online: Gibberellin Biosynthesis
... first-formed, C19-GA. As mentioned in Web Topic 20.1, this loss of C-20 results in the formation of a lactone between C-4 and C-10. In Arabidopsis, this sequence is GA12 (CH3 at C-20) to GA15 (CH2OH at C-20 in the open-lactone form) to GA 24 (CHO at C-20) to GA9 (C-20 has been lost) (see Figure 3). ...
... first-formed, C19-GA. As mentioned in Web Topic 20.1, this loss of C-20 results in the formation of a lactone between C-4 and C-10. In Arabidopsis, this sequence is GA12 (CH3 at C-20) to GA15 (CH2OH at C-20 in the open-lactone form) to GA 24 (CHO at C-20) to GA9 (C-20 has been lost) (see Figure 3). ...
Slide 1
... Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS’s) are multi-domain proteins which are responsible for catalyzing the aminoacylation of tRNA in a two step reaction. AA +ATP + ARS → AA-AMP.ARS + PPi (i) AA-AMP.ARS + tRNA → AA-tRNA + AMP + ARS (ii) This two-step aminoacylation process is a critical step in the transl ...
... Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS’s) are multi-domain proteins which are responsible for catalyzing the aminoacylation of tRNA in a two step reaction. AA +ATP + ARS → AA-AMP.ARS + PPi (i) AA-AMP.ARS + tRNA → AA-tRNA + AMP + ARS (ii) This two-step aminoacylation process is a critical step in the transl ...
THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS ACIDS ON THE DIGESTION OF
... under these conditions. Temperature.--Some of the experiments were conducted at 37 ° 4- 0.1, and some at 3504 - 0.1. Analysis.--The technique was the same as described by Van Slyke except that 10 cc. of solution were analyzed in a large size apparatus and the gas was measured in a small (3 cc.) bure ...
... under these conditions. Temperature.--Some of the experiments were conducted at 37 ° 4- 0.1, and some at 3504 - 0.1. Analysis.--The technique was the same as described by Van Slyke except that 10 cc. of solution were analyzed in a large size apparatus and the gas was measured in a small (3 cc.) bure ...
Gene Section SRSF3 (serine/arginine rich splicing factor 3) -
... Moreover, SRSF3 plays important roles in RNA export from nuclear to cytoplasm, termination of transcription, alternative RNA polyadenylation, and protein translation. SRSF3 is required for embryonic development and cell cycle progression. SRSF3 at increased expression is tumorigenic and is required ...
... Moreover, SRSF3 plays important roles in RNA export from nuclear to cytoplasm, termination of transcription, alternative RNA polyadenylation, and protein translation. SRSF3 is required for embryonic development and cell cycle progression. SRSF3 at increased expression is tumorigenic and is required ...
Full-Text PDF
... “coevolutionary” theory in which amino acids and (very small) peptides as well as small RNAs existed together and where their separate abilities not only reinforced each other’s survival, but allowed life to more quickly climb the ladder of complexity. Essential for our approach is the following: St ...
... “coevolutionary” theory in which amino acids and (very small) peptides as well as small RNAs existed together and where their separate abilities not only reinforced each other’s survival, but allowed life to more quickly climb the ladder of complexity. Essential for our approach is the following: St ...
Chapter 5 - csmithbio
... • Lipids are the one class of large biological molecules that do not form polymers • The unifying feature of lipids is basically insolubility in water. • Lipids are hydrophobic because they consist mostly of hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds • The most biologically important lipids ar ...
... • Lipids are the one class of large biological molecules that do not form polymers • The unifying feature of lipids is basically insolubility in water. • Lipids are hydrophobic because they consist mostly of hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds • The most biologically important lipids ar ...
chapt 3 The Molecules of Cells
... – in a dehydration reaction, – joining carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of the next amino acid, and – creating a peptide bond. ...
... – in a dehydration reaction, – joining carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of the next amino acid, and – creating a peptide bond. ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.