1-2 (Weigent)
... through the actions of phosphatase to release glucose (in the liver) and inhibits the hexokinase. b. It particularly becomes a player when you are hungry, starving or fasting. In between meals glucagon levels will begin to rise and begin to draw upon those reserves. He thinks that glucagon is import ...
... through the actions of phosphatase to release glucose (in the liver) and inhibits the hexokinase. b. It particularly becomes a player when you are hungry, starving or fasting. In between meals glucagon levels will begin to rise and begin to draw upon those reserves. He thinks that glucagon is import ...
Integration of Metabolism
... XXV. Control Sites of Major Metabolic Pathways [S25] a. These are some metabolic pathways you’ve learned, now we will try to tie everything together b. For the exam, learn where these different pathways take place i. Glycolysis happens in the cytosol, -oxidation of fatty acids in the mitochondria, ...
... XXV. Control Sites of Major Metabolic Pathways [S25] a. These are some metabolic pathways you’ve learned, now we will try to tie everything together b. For the exam, learn where these different pathways take place i. Glycolysis happens in the cytosol, -oxidation of fatty acids in the mitochondria, ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration
... Each oxygen atom also picks up a pair of hydrogen ions from the aqueous solution to form water. For every two electron carriers (four electrons), one O2 molecule is reduced to two molecules of water. ...
... Each oxygen atom also picks up a pair of hydrogen ions from the aqueous solution to form water. For every two electron carriers (four electrons), one O2 molecule is reduced to two molecules of water. ...
biochemical tests and their use for identification purposes
... coenzyme NADPH are produced from glucose via the pentose phosphate pathway. The pentose may be broken down further to acetate and pyruvate. Pyruvate produced from glycolysis may be converted to acetyl-CoA to begin respiration when exogenous electron acceptors such as oxygen, sulfate or nitrate are a ...
... coenzyme NADPH are produced from glucose via the pentose phosphate pathway. The pentose may be broken down further to acetate and pyruvate. Pyruvate produced from glycolysis may be converted to acetyl-CoA to begin respiration when exogenous electron acceptors such as oxygen, sulfate or nitrate are a ...
Dietary protein: is a large intake related to osteoporosis (thin bones
... higher content of these amino acids than does fruit and vegetable derived protein. As example cheese or red meat have 6-10 mg/100g of methionine compared to 0.48mg/100g for peas (Ginty 03). Hence plant-based proteins do contribute to this load but to a lesser degree. The acid load from protein can b ...
... higher content of these amino acids than does fruit and vegetable derived protein. As example cheese or red meat have 6-10 mg/100g of methionine compared to 0.48mg/100g for peas (Ginty 03). Hence plant-based proteins do contribute to this load but to a lesser degree. The acid load from protein can b ...
Uptake of organic nitrogen by plants
... by the prominent role of inorganic N in many arable soils and the dependence of many crop plants on this N source. It was also, naturally, motivated by the abundance of inorganic N fertilizers for agricultural use. After the widely discussed human perturbation of the global carbon (C) cycle, anthrop ...
... by the prominent role of inorganic N in many arable soils and the dependence of many crop plants on this N source. It was also, naturally, motivated by the abundance of inorganic N fertilizers for agricultural use. After the widely discussed human perturbation of the global carbon (C) cycle, anthrop ...
Examination #2 1) Which of the following is not one of the four major
... A) peptide bonds B) hydrogen bonds C) disulfide bonds D) ionic bonds E) phosphodiester bonds Topic: Concept 5.4 Skill: Knowledge 33) Which type of interaction stabilizes the alpha (α) helix and the beta (β) pleated sheet structures of proteins? A) hydrophobic interactions B) nonpolar covalent bonds ...
... A) peptide bonds B) hydrogen bonds C) disulfide bonds D) ionic bonds E) phosphodiester bonds Topic: Concept 5.4 Skill: Knowledge 33) Which type of interaction stabilizes the alpha (α) helix and the beta (β) pleated sheet structures of proteins? A) hydrophobic interactions B) nonpolar covalent bonds ...
Chlamydia trachomatis RNA polymerase major sigma subunit
... metabolic activity, as well as the host ribonucleoside triphosphate pool for RNA synthesis (2). Because of their unique developmental life cycle, the chlamydiae have been assigned to their own order, Chlamydiales (3). In the initial stages of host cell infection by the chlamydial elementary body (EB ...
... metabolic activity, as well as the host ribonucleoside triphosphate pool for RNA synthesis (2). Because of their unique developmental life cycle, the chlamydiae have been assigned to their own order, Chlamydiales (3). In the initial stages of host cell infection by the chlamydial elementary body (EB ...
Nature: Serine is a natural ligand and allosteric activator of pyruvate
... M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase3. PKM2 catalyses the final step of glycolysis, converting phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate (Supplementary Fig. 1). Interestingly, PKM2, which is the predominant isoform in cancer cells4,5, has low basal enzymatic activity compared to the constitutively active splic ...
... M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase3. PKM2 catalyses the final step of glycolysis, converting phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate (Supplementary Fig. 1). Interestingly, PKM2, which is the predominant isoform in cancer cells4,5, has low basal enzymatic activity compared to the constitutively active splic ...
Unraveling the mechanisms of RNA
... associations with a range of different RNA-binding proteins. These interactions are highly dynamic in nature and the balance between binding and dissociation events is likely to play a pivotal role in the function of RNA-binding proteins. Biacore™ systems are ideally suited to the detailed kinetic a ...
... associations with a range of different RNA-binding proteins. These interactions are highly dynamic in nature and the balance between binding and dissociation events is likely to play a pivotal role in the function of RNA-binding proteins. Biacore™ systems are ideally suited to the detailed kinetic a ...
Metabolism of Plasma Membrane Lipids in
... lipids/lipoglycans (Fig. 1). Among them, mycolic acids are the hallmark of these species. These long chain α-branched, β-hydroxylated fatty acids are covalently linked to the arabinogalactan polysaccharide layer. This mycolic acid layer is complemented by a glycolipid layer to form an outer “mycomem ...
... lipids/lipoglycans (Fig. 1). Among them, mycolic acids are the hallmark of these species. These long chain α-branched, β-hydroxylated fatty acids are covalently linked to the arabinogalactan polysaccharide layer. This mycolic acid layer is complemented by a glycolipid layer to form an outer “mycomem ...
Exogenous glutamine increases lipid accumulation in
... 85% of the amino-N in phloem sap destined for fruits (Hocking, 1982). The composition of individual seeds responds to variation in carbon and nitrogen availability from the maternal assimilate supply (Severino and Auld, 2013). Protein, carbohydrates and oil accumulation depend on both the capacity f ...
... 85% of the amino-N in phloem sap destined for fruits (Hocking, 1982). The composition of individual seeds responds to variation in carbon and nitrogen availability from the maternal assimilate supply (Severino and Auld, 2013). Protein, carbohydrates and oil accumulation depend on both the capacity f ...
A Simple Method for Displaying the Hydropathic Character of a Protein
... Ideally, the most satisfying way to determine the hydrophobic or hydrophilic inclinations of a given amino acid side-chain (i.e. its hydropathyt) would be to measure its partition coefficient between water and a non-interacting, isotropic phase and to calculate from that partition coefficient a tran ...
... Ideally, the most satisfying way to determine the hydrophobic or hydrophilic inclinations of a given amino acid side-chain (i.e. its hydropathyt) would be to measure its partition coefficient between water and a non-interacting, isotropic phase and to calculate from that partition coefficient a tran ...
Methyl Jasmonate-Elicited Transcriptional
... (Table II; Supplemental Fig. S2). These secondary metabolite types were previously reported to accumulate in high levels in sweet basil after MeJA treatment; however, the genes involved in the biosynthesis of these compounds were not identified (Kim et al., 2006; Li et al., 2007). MeJA Responsiveness ...
... (Table II; Supplemental Fig. S2). These secondary metabolite types were previously reported to accumulate in high levels in sweet basil after MeJA treatment; however, the genes involved in the biosynthesis of these compounds were not identified (Kim et al., 2006; Li et al., 2007). MeJA Responsiveness ...
Analysis of the glycoside hydrolase family 8 catalytic core in
... The glycoside hydrolase family 8 (GH-8) consists of bifunctional cellulase-chitosanases many of which are produced by species of Bacillus. Chitosanolytic enzymes can be useful in producing low molecular weight chitooligosaccharides which have several applications. In addition, a bifunctional enzyme ...
... The glycoside hydrolase family 8 (GH-8) consists of bifunctional cellulase-chitosanases many of which are produced by species of Bacillus. Chitosanolytic enzymes can be useful in producing low molecular weight chitooligosaccharides which have several applications. In addition, a bifunctional enzyme ...
Metabolism and Glycolysis
... 1) Purpose of the pathway. (Adaptive value for the organism). 2) Molecules going in and coming out? (The starting metabolites and the final products). 3) Place where it happens (organs, types of cell, subcellular compartments). 4) Regulatory enzymes. (Metabolic conditions that stimulate or inhibit t ...
... 1) Purpose of the pathway. (Adaptive value for the organism). 2) Molecules going in and coming out? (The starting metabolites and the final products). 3) Place where it happens (organs, types of cell, subcellular compartments). 4) Regulatory enzymes. (Metabolic conditions that stimulate or inhibit t ...
9700 biology - Smart Edu Hub
... indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner ...
... indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner ...
Introduction
... Results of many color reactions depend on the reactive groups in side chains of specific amino acid residues and also can be produced by the corresponding free amino acids. 1.1. Biuret reaction Principle of the method. It is a qualitative reaction of a peptide bond (-CO-NH-). This reaction is produ ...
... Results of many color reactions depend on the reactive groups in side chains of specific amino acid residues and also can be produced by the corresponding free amino acids. 1.1. Biuret reaction Principle of the method. It is a qualitative reaction of a peptide bond (-CO-NH-). This reaction is produ ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.