UNIT 2 Bio 1 H Living organisms are composed of about 25
... Module 3.12 Proteins are made from amino acids linked by peptide bonds. A. Amino acids are characterized by having an alpha carbon atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen, one amino group (NH2), one carboxyl group (COOH), and one functional group symbolized by an R (Figure 3.12A). B. Each naturally o ...
... Module 3.12 Proteins are made from amino acids linked by peptide bonds. A. Amino acids are characterized by having an alpha carbon atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen, one amino group (NH2), one carboxyl group (COOH), and one functional group symbolized by an R (Figure 3.12A). B. Each naturally o ...
Human Physiology
... • Animals store excess glucose by polymerizing it to form glycogen. • The structure of glycogen is similar to that of amylopectin, although the branches in glycogen tend to be shorter and more frequent ...
... • Animals store excess glucose by polymerizing it to form glycogen. • The structure of glycogen is similar to that of amylopectin, although the branches in glycogen tend to be shorter and more frequent ...
Syllabus 2012/2013 for Faculty of Medicine (English Division)
... 15. The pentose phosphate pathway. The directions of the pentose phosphate pathway reactions due to the cellular needs. 16. Hemolysis caused by reactive oxygen species in the conditions of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. 17. Gluconeogenesis. The maintenance of blood glucose levels by h ...
... 15. The pentose phosphate pathway. The directions of the pentose phosphate pathway reactions due to the cellular needs. 16. Hemolysis caused by reactive oxygen species in the conditions of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. 17. Gluconeogenesis. The maintenance of blood glucose levels by h ...
Unit 1.1 Building Blocks of Life The student knows the significance of
... The student knows the significance of various molecules involved in metabolic processes and energy conversions that occur in living organisms. The student is expected to: ...
... The student knows the significance of various molecules involved in metabolic processes and energy conversions that occur in living organisms. The student is expected to: ...
Chapter 8
... electrons!! – In most cells (skeletal and brain) the electrons are transferred to FAD and thus yield two ATP (for a total yield of 36) – But in the liver, heart, and kidney cells, NAD+ accepts the electrons to yield three ATP because two NADH are produced per glucose, this total yield of 38 ATP ...
... electrons!! – In most cells (skeletal and brain) the electrons are transferred to FAD and thus yield two ATP (for a total yield of 36) – But in the liver, heart, and kidney cells, NAD+ accepts the electrons to yield three ATP because two NADH are produced per glucose, this total yield of 38 ATP ...
Unit 2 Presentation
... A catalyst is a substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction. ...
... A catalyst is a substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction. ...
Liver Function - Wk 1-2
... In order for cells to function normally, their blood glucose levels need to be kept relatively constant (4-5 mmol). The pancreas plays a minor role in regulating blood sugar levels via the production of the hormones Insulin and Glucagon. Insulin is an anabolic hormone that promotes the storage and ...
... In order for cells to function normally, their blood glucose levels need to be kept relatively constant (4-5 mmol). The pancreas plays a minor role in regulating blood sugar levels via the production of the hormones Insulin and Glucagon. Insulin is an anabolic hormone that promotes the storage and ...
Cellular Respiration
... energy that is stored in food molecules. Fungi use a different process, called fermentation, that does not use oxygen to release energy. During both cellular respiration and fermentation, energy is released when the chemical bonds that hold the food molecules together are broken. All organisms then ...
... energy that is stored in food molecules. Fungi use a different process, called fermentation, that does not use oxygen to release energy. During both cellular respiration and fermentation, energy is released when the chemical bonds that hold the food molecules together are broken. All organisms then ...
Cellular Respiration PowerPoint
... energy that is stored in food molecules. Fungi use a different process, called fermentation, that does not use oxygen to release energy. ...
... energy that is stored in food molecules. Fungi use a different process, called fermentation, that does not use oxygen to release energy. ...
pro amino crème
... pro amino crème for younger, healthier looking skin Designed to enhance barrier function by restoring free water levels and natural lipids, pro amino crème aims to maintain a balanced, youthful complexion. pro amino crème has been formulated with the eight essential amino acids, proteins and vitamin ...
... pro amino crème for younger, healthier looking skin Designed to enhance barrier function by restoring free water levels and natural lipids, pro amino crème aims to maintain a balanced, youthful complexion. pro amino crème has been formulated with the eight essential amino acids, proteins and vitamin ...
Lecture_1_Dr_Manar_1
... 2-Polysaccharides are polymers with few hundred to few thousand monosaccharides joined by peptide bond. ...
... 2-Polysaccharides are polymers with few hundred to few thousand monosaccharides joined by peptide bond. ...
Chapter 6 and 9 - Wando High School
... 27. The primary goal of cellular respiration is to build ___________. Explain how energy is released and stored with this molecule. ATP, When one of the three phosphates is released, energy is released. When a phosphate is bound to the remaining two phosphates, energy is stored. 28. What are the pro ...
... 27. The primary goal of cellular respiration is to build ___________. Explain how energy is released and stored with this molecule. ATP, When one of the three phosphates is released, energy is released. When a phosphate is bound to the remaining two phosphates, energy is stored. 28. What are the pro ...
(Macromolecules) Outline
... B. The chemical composition is: Carbon = Oxygen; 2X as much hydrogen is also present. C. The names usually end with “ose”. Such as Fructose, Glucose, Sucrose. D. These are primary E sources for cells. E. Carbohydrates serve as the raw building materials for the other 3 Organic Molecules. F. The cova ...
... B. The chemical composition is: Carbon = Oxygen; 2X as much hydrogen is also present. C. The names usually end with “ose”. Such as Fructose, Glucose, Sucrose. D. These are primary E sources for cells. E. Carbohydrates serve as the raw building materials for the other 3 Organic Molecules. F. The cova ...
Week 2 Handout with No answers
... o Proton transfer reactions o And Origin of Cavities : Creation of water-free microenvironments ...
... o Proton transfer reactions o And Origin of Cavities : Creation of water-free microenvironments ...
AS 2.1.1 Protein Structure
... • Polypeptides are made (synthesised) inside cells on the ribosomes. • Messenger RNA (mRNA) puts the amino acids in the right order to make a specific polypeptide chain ...
... • Polypeptides are made (synthesised) inside cells on the ribosomes. • Messenger RNA (mRNA) puts the amino acids in the right order to make a specific polypeptide chain ...
CHM 105 Introduction to Organic Chemistry
... Smith, Janice Gorzynzki, Principles of General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry (1st ed.), McGraw Hill, 2012. ...
... Smith, Janice Gorzynzki, Principles of General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry (1st ed.), McGraw Hill, 2012. ...
PowerPoint: Cell Test Review
... Students know the role of the mitochondria in making stored chemical-bond energy available to cells by completing the breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide. ...
... Students know the role of the mitochondria in making stored chemical-bond energy available to cells by completing the breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide. ...
BHS 150.1 – Biochemistry II Date: 2/8/2013, 2sndhalf Notetaker: Kim
... 12. Ascorbate in the aqueous is needed by the cornea for which two of the following functions: antioxidant properties collagen synthesis 13. A missense mutation occurs when the: amino acid sequence changes 14. During fasting, what are some possible sources of carbons for gluconeogenesis: amino acids ...
... 12. Ascorbate in the aqueous is needed by the cornea for which two of the following functions: antioxidant properties collagen synthesis 13. A missense mutation occurs when the: amino acid sequence changes 14. During fasting, what are some possible sources of carbons for gluconeogenesis: amino acids ...
4.Lect Carbon skeleton intro
... synthesize glucose and are termed glucogenic. while some are converted to acetylCoA (ketogenic amino acids) these CANNOT be used to synthesize glucose. Ketogenic amino acids can be converted to fatty acids for storage as triglyceride and later oxidation (fed state), or to ketone bodies (made in live ...
... synthesize glucose and are termed glucogenic. while some are converted to acetylCoA (ketogenic amino acids) these CANNOT be used to synthesize glucose. Ketogenic amino acids can be converted to fatty acids for storage as triglyceride and later oxidation (fed state), or to ketone bodies (made in live ...
photosynthesis workbook lesson
... Photosynthesis begins with these reactions, which occur in thylakoid membranes. Photosystems are clusters of proteins and chlorophyll in thylakoid membranes. High-energy electrons form when pigments in photosystem II absorb light. The electrons pass through electron transport chains, a series of ele ...
... Photosynthesis begins with these reactions, which occur in thylakoid membranes. Photosystems are clusters of proteins and chlorophyll in thylakoid membranes. High-energy electrons form when pigments in photosystem II absorb light. The electrons pass through electron transport chains, a series of ele ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.