Pentose Phosphate Pathway (aka Hexose monophosphate shunt)
... • G6PD is the most regulated enzyme: inhibition by NADPH, expression is dependent on insulin thus it is only expressed at high glucose concentration • Since the non-oxidative pathway is reversible, the direction is dependent on the need of the cell for ATP / acetyl CoA (energy / fatty acid synthesis ...
... • G6PD is the most regulated enzyme: inhibition by NADPH, expression is dependent on insulin thus it is only expressed at high glucose concentration • Since the non-oxidative pathway is reversible, the direction is dependent on the need of the cell for ATP / acetyl CoA (energy / fatty acid synthesis ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... (4) The level of which one of the following enzymes will increase in serum following myocardial damage? (a) peroxidase (b) lactate dehydrogenase (c) cytochrome oxidase (d) protease (5) In vitro recombination is also known as (a) DNA shuffling (b) homologous recombination (c) transposition (d) in vit ...
... (4) The level of which one of the following enzymes will increase in serum following myocardial damage? (a) peroxidase (b) lactate dehydrogenase (c) cytochrome oxidase (d) protease (5) In vitro recombination is also known as (a) DNA shuffling (b) homologous recombination (c) transposition (d) in vit ...
A. Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis (1) proximity effect (2) acid
... -as a reacting substrate is transformed into a transition state, the changing charges on its atoms interact with the charges on all of the other atoms in the surrounding protein, and also with the charges on any nearby water molecules -the energy difference between the initial state and the transiti ...
... -as a reacting substrate is transformed into a transition state, the changing charges on its atoms interact with the charges on all of the other atoms in the surrounding protein, and also with the charges on any nearby water molecules -the energy difference between the initial state and the transiti ...
Chemical Aspects of Life.
... 10. Is CO 2 (carbon dioxide) considered organic? _ _ _ _ _ _ __ VVhy? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 1 L Biuret reagent is made up of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ...
... 10. Is CO 2 (carbon dioxide) considered organic? _ _ _ _ _ _ __ VVhy? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 1 L Biuret reagent is made up of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ ...
7.2: Properties, Names, and Formulas page 268 •Acids and bases
... 7.2: Properties, Names, and Formulas ...
... 7.2: Properties, Names, and Formulas ...
Chapter 13 Carbohydrate Metabolism
... • The rate at which the citric acid cycle operates is precisely adjusted to meet cellular needs for ATP. – Citrate synthetase (Step 1) is an allosteric enzyme that is inhibited by ATP and NADH and activated by ADP. – Isocitrate dehydrogenase (Step 3) is an allosteric enzyme that is inhibited by NADH ...
... • The rate at which the citric acid cycle operates is precisely adjusted to meet cellular needs for ATP. – Citrate synthetase (Step 1) is an allosteric enzyme that is inhibited by ATP and NADH and activated by ADP. – Isocitrate dehydrogenase (Step 3) is an allosteric enzyme that is inhibited by NADH ...
Problem Set 1 - Berkeley MCB
... QUESTION 2: True/False. Circle the correct answer. If you answer false, explain why in one sentence below each part. (I) Lactate is oxidized by NADH to produce pyruvate, which feeds into gluconeogenesis. TRUE ...
... QUESTION 2: True/False. Circle the correct answer. If you answer false, explain why in one sentence below each part. (I) Lactate is oxidized by NADH to produce pyruvate, which feeds into gluconeogenesis. TRUE ...
Chemistry 160:581 – Biochemistry - Syllabus for Fall 2014 Monday
... A strong prior preparation in organic chemistry and some preparation in physical chemistry are useful pre-requisites. This one-semester course introduces the structural aspects of the four major classes of biopolymers: nucleic acids, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, with a significant emphasis on ...
... A strong prior preparation in organic chemistry and some preparation in physical chemistry are useful pre-requisites. This one-semester course introduces the structural aspects of the four major classes of biopolymers: nucleic acids, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, with a significant emphasis on ...
File
... • Tyrosine evolves by adding an –OH group to the para position on the phenyl ring of phenylalanine ...
... • Tyrosine evolves by adding an –OH group to the para position on the phenyl ring of phenylalanine ...
Active Learning Exercise 3
... 16. Select from the following list of terms to complete the narrative below. Terms may be used once, more than once or not at all. ADP + P catabolic endergonic fat potential ATP cellular energy first second amino acids respiration entropy heat sugar anabolic change enzyme(s) kinetic water carbon dio ...
... 16. Select from the following list of terms to complete the narrative below. Terms may be used once, more than once or not at all. ADP + P catabolic endergonic fat potential ATP cellular energy first second amino acids respiration entropy heat sugar anabolic change enzyme(s) kinetic water carbon dio ...
Using Gel Electrophoresis to analyze DNA, RNA and
... hydrogen ion (the base is an electron donor) • Carboxyl groups and phosphate groups are good acids • Amine groups are good bases! • If you put an acid in a basic buffer, the acid will become negatively charged. Draw it! • If you use an acidic buffer, a basic group will become positively charged. Dra ...
... hydrogen ion (the base is an electron donor) • Carboxyl groups and phosphate groups are good acids • Amine groups are good bases! • If you put an acid in a basic buffer, the acid will become negatively charged. Draw it! • If you use an acidic buffer, a basic group will become positively charged. Dra ...
Food Safety & Toxicology (3) - Share My Knowledge & Experience
... • food components derived from plant cell walls that are not digested by the endogenous secretions of the human digestive tract. • Dietary fiber consists of pectic substances, hemicelluloses, plant gums and mucilages, algal polysaccharides, celluloses, and lignin. • dietary fiber is a protective fac ...
... • food components derived from plant cell walls that are not digested by the endogenous secretions of the human digestive tract. • Dietary fiber consists of pectic substances, hemicelluloses, plant gums and mucilages, algal polysaccharides, celluloses, and lignin. • dietary fiber is a protective fac ...
Chapter 1
... Nutrients and the Production of ATP • Acetyl CoA carries acetyl groups, 2carbon remnants of the nutrients • Acetyl CoA enters the citric acid cycle – Electrons and hydrogen atoms are harvested – Acetyl group is oxidized to produce CO2 – Electrons and hydrogen atoms harvested are used to produce ATP ...
... Nutrients and the Production of ATP • Acetyl CoA carries acetyl groups, 2carbon remnants of the nutrients • Acetyl CoA enters the citric acid cycle – Electrons and hydrogen atoms are harvested – Acetyl group is oxidized to produce CO2 – Electrons and hydrogen atoms harvested are used to produce ATP ...
of food . All the digestive enzymes are proteins
... removed from the next , which combined with water to form water , when carbohydrate are digested back into monosaccharides specific enzyme return hydrogen&hydroxyl ion to the polysaccharides &separate the monosaccharides from each other this process called hydrolysis. Fat consist of triglycerides wh ...
... removed from the next , which combined with water to form water , when carbohydrate are digested back into monosaccharides specific enzyme return hydrogen&hydroxyl ion to the polysaccharides &separate the monosaccharides from each other this process called hydrolysis. Fat consist of triglycerides wh ...
answer key - chem.uwec.edu
... Chem 454 – Regulatory Mechanisms in Biochemistry Review for Exam I - Spring 2003 Chapter 14 – Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design Be able to: • Classify organisms based on their source of energy. • Describe the energy requirements for living organisms. • Describe relationships between energy ...
... Chem 454 – Regulatory Mechanisms in Biochemistry Review for Exam I - Spring 2003 Chapter 14 – Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design Be able to: • Classify organisms based on their source of energy. • Describe the energy requirements for living organisms. • Describe relationships between energy ...
LIPID METABOLISM
... 1- Transport long chain acyl COA across mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondria so it increases the rate of oxidation of LCFA 2- Transport acetyl-CoA from mitochondria to cytoplasm So it stimulates fatty acid synthesis ...
... 1- Transport long chain acyl COA across mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondria so it increases the rate of oxidation of LCFA 2- Transport acetyl-CoA from mitochondria to cytoplasm So it stimulates fatty acid synthesis ...
Energy - Cobb Learning
... 8.3 - Cellular respiration Making energy when there is no oxygen Anaerobic Respiration or Fermentation ...
... 8.3 - Cellular respiration Making energy when there is no oxygen Anaerobic Respiration or Fermentation ...
How Enzymes Are Named - Our biological products and solutions
... protein, they are catalysts. This means that by their mere presence, and without being consumed in the process, enzymes can speed up chemical processes that would otherwise run very slowly, if at all.; Enzymes are specific Contrary to inorganic catalysts such as acids, bases, metals and metal oxides ...
... protein, they are catalysts. This means that by their mere presence, and without being consumed in the process, enzymes can speed up chemical processes that would otherwise run very slowly, if at all.; Enzymes are specific Contrary to inorganic catalysts such as acids, bases, metals and metal oxides ...
A critical role for citrate metabolism in LPS signalling
... types therefore having the classic ‘Warburg effect’ of aerobic glycolysis, a phenomenon first observed by Otto Warburg in the 1920s in tumour cells [5]. Metabolically, it is possible that inflammatory cells therefore have profiles highly similar to those of tumour cells [6], and this has been interp ...
... types therefore having the classic ‘Warburg effect’ of aerobic glycolysis, a phenomenon first observed by Otto Warburg in the 1920s in tumour cells [5]. Metabolically, it is possible that inflammatory cells therefore have profiles highly similar to those of tumour cells [6], and this has been interp ...
Chapter 13: RNA and Protein Synthesis
... • Process of converting amino acids to proteins • Takes place in cytoplasm • Step 1: Transfer RNA – tRNA brings amino acids to ribosome based on pattern – Also brings the anti-codon (complementary strand) ...
... • Process of converting amino acids to proteins • Takes place in cytoplasm • Step 1: Transfer RNA – tRNA brings amino acids to ribosome based on pattern – Also brings the anti-codon (complementary strand) ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.