Phenylketonuria in Sohag: A Preliminary Study
... disorder characterized by a mutation in the gene for the hepatic enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), rendering it nonfunctional. The diagnosis of this disorder can be confirmed by analysis of urine components. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of PKU among children aged 6 months t ...
... disorder characterized by a mutation in the gene for the hepatic enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), rendering it nonfunctional. The diagnosis of this disorder can be confirmed by analysis of urine components. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of PKU among children aged 6 months t ...
Preview Sample 1
... A) It acts as a base and gains a proton, giving it a positive charge. B) It acts as an acid and loses a proton, giving it a negative charge. C) It is reduced, and tends to act as an electron donor in redox reactions. D) It remains neutral, like water, and does not have a charge. Answer: A Diff: 2 Re ...
... A) It acts as a base and gains a proton, giving it a positive charge. B) It acts as an acid and loses a proton, giving it a negative charge. C) It is reduced, and tends to act as an electron donor in redox reactions. D) It remains neutral, like water, and does not have a charge. Answer: A Diff: 2 Re ...
Protein damage on Cu2+
... MCO reactions during IMAC: Presence of hydroxyl radicals – An MCO reaction which includes the Fenton Reaction gives rise to oxidizing species such as OH radical in the reaction between the metal and the peroxide. – The presence of OH radicals indicates that a Fenton reaction (or some other radical g ...
... MCO reactions during IMAC: Presence of hydroxyl radicals – An MCO reaction which includes the Fenton Reaction gives rise to oxidizing species such as OH radical in the reaction between the metal and the peroxide. – The presence of OH radicals indicates that a Fenton reaction (or some other radical g ...
Patterns of prokaryotic lateral gene transfers affecting
... The number of candidate LGTs per genome ranged from 3 to 149 cases (Table 1). We identified 62 LGTs in D. discoideum, far higher than the 18 cases of LGT identified during the annotation of its genome using a protein domain-based analysis [21]. We also identified a higher number of candidate LGTs (s ...
... The number of candidate LGTs per genome ranged from 3 to 149 cases (Table 1). We identified 62 LGTs in D. discoideum, far higher than the 18 cases of LGT identified during the annotation of its genome using a protein domain-based analysis [21]. We also identified a higher number of candidate LGTs (s ...
BIOTRANSFORMATION PHASE I Phase II
... •Protective effect of GSH supplementation, e.g. NAC •Fasting for 1 day decreases liver GSH levels by 50% in rats (increase in toxicity of acetaminophen) – effect of nutritional status •Liver pathologies will also influence its biotransformation capacity, as will ...
... •Protective effect of GSH supplementation, e.g. NAC •Fasting for 1 day decreases liver GSH levels by 50% in rats (increase in toxicity of acetaminophen) – effect of nutritional status •Liver pathologies will also influence its biotransformation capacity, as will ...
Biology GuideBook
... What is the energy for the other reaction? When is water split? Objective: Compare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis as energy conversion pathways. (HINT: Make a table to show similarities and differences between the 2 processes including such things as reactants, products, en ...
... What is the energy for the other reaction? When is water split? Objective: Compare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis as energy conversion pathways. (HINT: Make a table to show similarities and differences between the 2 processes including such things as reactants, products, en ...
Document
... cholesterol biosynthesis are regulated. To predict whether intracellular cholesterol synthesis will be up- or down-regulated in response to energy availability as influenced by diet, hormones and exercise. To distinguish the different mechanisms by which plasma cholesterol levels are controlled by c ...
... cholesterol biosynthesis are regulated. To predict whether intracellular cholesterol synthesis will be up- or down-regulated in response to energy availability as influenced by diet, hormones and exercise. To distinguish the different mechanisms by which plasma cholesterol levels are controlled by c ...
Chemistry HSC - The Bored of Studies Community
... aqueous solution of bromine (e.g. solvent carbon tetrachloride) when added to an alkene causes the solution to lose its colour as bromine becomes incorporated into the alkene: [CH2=CH2(g) + Br2(l) CH2Br-CH2Br(l)] (petrol additive) ...
... aqueous solution of bromine (e.g. solvent carbon tetrachloride) when added to an alkene causes the solution to lose its colour as bromine becomes incorporated into the alkene: [CH2=CH2(g) + Br2(l) CH2Br-CH2Br(l)] (petrol additive) ...
fa458c46b7c1dda
... Posttranslational Processing • After polypeptide chains are synthesized, they often must undergo posttranslational modification before they can perform their functions • In eukaryotes, the methionine at the N-terminus is released ...
... Posttranslational Processing • After polypeptide chains are synthesized, they often must undergo posttranslational modification before they can perform their functions • In eukaryotes, the methionine at the N-terminus is released ...
Primary and secondary metabolism, and post
... represented are discussed in terms of their annotated functional classes. An average of 1.2 proteins per gene was observed, indicating extensive posttranslational regulation. Examples of modification by N-acetylation, adenylylation and proteolytic processing were characterized using mass spectrometr ...
... represented are discussed in terms of their annotated functional classes. An average of 1.2 proteins per gene was observed, indicating extensive posttranslational regulation. Examples of modification by N-acetylation, adenylylation and proteolytic processing were characterized using mass spectrometr ...
Discoveries in Plant Biology 1998 Hatch
... was published in a form accessible to the research community (Kortschak et al., 1965). This first detailed report showed kinetics of incorporation of 14cq consistent with malate and aspartate being the first major products of cq assimilation, with PCA and sugar phosphates being rapidly labelled only ...
... was published in a form accessible to the research community (Kortschak et al., 1965). This first detailed report showed kinetics of incorporation of 14cq consistent with malate and aspartate being the first major products of cq assimilation, with PCA and sugar phosphates being rapidly labelled only ...
How do non-enyzmatic domains become enzymes
... Bio-catalysis relies on a constellation of a few amino acid residues that are embedded in a distinct globular domain of the enzyme (the catalytic domain). ...
... Bio-catalysis relies on a constellation of a few amino acid residues that are embedded in a distinct globular domain of the enzyme (the catalytic domain). ...
Epidemiology - PHG Foundation
... organs (such as haemophilia), immune system, muscle (but not those resulting from intermediary metabolism problems, such as certain glycogen storage diseases) and skin. ...
... organs (such as haemophilia), immune system, muscle (but not those resulting from intermediary metabolism problems, such as certain glycogen storage diseases) and skin. ...
OVERVIEW OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION
... The scale runs from 0 to 14 with 0 being highest in acidity and 14 lowest. When the pH is in the range of 0 -7, a solution is said to be acidic; if the pH is around 7, the solution is neutral; and if the pH is in the range of 7-14, the solution is basic. Amino acid side chains contain groups, such a ...
... The scale runs from 0 to 14 with 0 being highest in acidity and 14 lowest. When the pH is in the range of 0 -7, a solution is said to be acidic; if the pH is around 7, the solution is neutral; and if the pH is in the range of 7-14, the solution is basic. Amino acid side chains contain groups, such a ...
Supplementary Materials Metabolic Flux Determination in Perfused
... The liver metabolic network involving all possible major liver-specific pathways such as gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, urea cycle, fatty acid metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, TCA cycle, glycogen metabolism and amino acid metabolism is given in Table SI. For more detailed explanations about the ...
... The liver metabolic network involving all possible major liver-specific pathways such as gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, urea cycle, fatty acid metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, TCA cycle, glycogen metabolism and amino acid metabolism is given in Table SI. For more detailed explanations about the ...
Browning reaction
... dicarbonyl intermediates and subsequently to form browning compound (Davies and Wedzicha, 1992). Lipid peroxidation occurs by the action of oxygen and reactive oxygen species on the fatty acids, especially unsaturated fatty acids. These are oxidized to form aldehydes and ketones, which then react wi ...
... dicarbonyl intermediates and subsequently to form browning compound (Davies and Wedzicha, 1992). Lipid peroxidation occurs by the action of oxygen and reactive oxygen species on the fatty acids, especially unsaturated fatty acids. These are oxidized to form aldehydes and ketones, which then react wi ...
Relation between Energy Production and Growth of
... regarded as a constant which may be used to calculate the ATP production from the growth yields obtained with other micro-organisms. In a recent review on the energetics of bacterial growth Gunsalus & Shuster (1961) used this constant to calculate the ATP production from previous aerobic growth expe ...
... regarded as a constant which may be used to calculate the ATP production from the growth yields obtained with other micro-organisms. In a recent review on the energetics of bacterial growth Gunsalus & Shuster (1961) used this constant to calculate the ATP production from previous aerobic growth expe ...
Magnesium and cell energetics in plants under anoxia
... by creatine kinase activity [29,56]. On the other hand, in anoxic plant tissues, AK equilibrium is probably linked to PK/PPDK equilibration of adenylates. This contributes to higher [AMP] and [PPi ] under oxygen stress (Figure 2). Both PK and PPDK, as well as AK, are induced under low [O2 ] [13,14,5 ...
... by creatine kinase activity [29,56]. On the other hand, in anoxic plant tissues, AK equilibrium is probably linked to PK/PPDK equilibration of adenylates. This contributes to higher [AMP] and [PPi ] under oxygen stress (Figure 2). Both PK and PPDK, as well as AK, are induced under low [O2 ] [13,14,5 ...
Rice HYDROPEROXIDE LYASES with Unique
... is ubiquitously expressed, OsHPL2 is expressed in the leaves and leaf sheaths, whereas OsHPL3 is wound inducible and expressed exclusively in leaves. OsHPLs also differ in their substrate preference as determined by in vitro enzyme assays using 9-/13-hydroperoxy linolenic and 9-/13-hydroperoxy linol ...
... is ubiquitously expressed, OsHPL2 is expressed in the leaves and leaf sheaths, whereas OsHPL3 is wound inducible and expressed exclusively in leaves. OsHPLs also differ in their substrate preference as determined by in vitro enzyme assays using 9-/13-hydroperoxy linolenic and 9-/13-hydroperoxy linol ...
Food Chemistry
... foods is partly dependent on chemical reactions occurring during processing and storage. If proteins are overheated, the amino acid structure changes. As a result, the protein is not easily digested or absorbed. Savoie, Charbonneau, and Parent (1989) reported that overheating of non-fat dried milk, ...
... foods is partly dependent on chemical reactions occurring during processing and storage. If proteins are overheated, the amino acid structure changes. As a result, the protein is not easily digested or absorbed. Savoie, Charbonneau, and Parent (1989) reported that overheating of non-fat dried milk, ...
Supplementary Methods
... In the third cycle of development, additional substitutions were made in the context of E490K with the goal of reducing homodimer function while preserving or improving activity as a heterodimer with the Q486E variant. Mutations were introduced at two positions: 486 and 538. At the 486 position, we ...
... In the third cycle of development, additional substitutions were made in the context of E490K with the goal of reducing homodimer function while preserving or improving activity as a heterodimer with the Q486E variant. Mutations were introduced at two positions: 486 and 538. At the 486 position, we ...
The Antibiotic Cerulenin, a Novel Tool for Biochemistry as an
... The activities of acyl-CoA transacylase, malonyl-CoA transacylase, and 83-ketoacyl reductase, all of which come from the partial reaction of fatty acid synthetase (type II) from M. phlei, are not affected by the antibiotic in concentrations of even 100 gg/ml. On the other hand, condensing enzyme (/3 ...
... The activities of acyl-CoA transacylase, malonyl-CoA transacylase, and 83-ketoacyl reductase, all of which come from the partial reaction of fatty acid synthetase (type II) from M. phlei, are not affected by the antibiotic in concentrations of even 100 gg/ml. On the other hand, condensing enzyme (/3 ...
Bio 102 - Exam 2 Review 1
... among all types of passive transport? A) Proteins are needed to transport molecules across the membrane. B) The concentration gradient is the driving force. C) Only small polar molecules are able to cross the plasma membrane. D) Ions never cross the plasma membrane by passive transport. © 2012 Pears ...
... among all types of passive transport? A) Proteins are needed to transport molecules across the membrane. B) The concentration gradient is the driving force. C) Only small polar molecules are able to cross the plasma membrane. D) Ions never cross the plasma membrane by passive transport. © 2012 Pears ...
statins i
... Hypolipidemics This study material is recommended specifically for practical courses from Pharmacology II for students of general medicine and stomatology. These brief notes could be used to prepare for the lesson and as a base for own notes during courses. Addititonal explanations and information a ...
... Hypolipidemics This study material is recommended specifically for practical courses from Pharmacology II for students of general medicine and stomatology. These brief notes could be used to prepare for the lesson and as a base for own notes during courses. Addititonal explanations and information a ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.