3-1 Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
... interacts directly with cyclin and moves inward upon cyclin binding, causing the reorientation of residues that interact with the phosphates of ATP. The small L12 helix, just before the T-loop in the primary sequence, changes structure to become a beta strand upon cyclin binding, also contributing t ...
... interacts directly with cyclin and moves inward upon cyclin binding, causing the reorientation of residues that interact with the phosphates of ATP. The small L12 helix, just before the T-loop in the primary sequence, changes structure to become a beta strand upon cyclin binding, also contributing t ...
Metabolic Flux Analysis on the Production of Poly(3 - Wiley-VCH
... eutropha was cultivated on a mixture of three carbon sources, lactate was consumed first as a large amount of ATP is needed for the transport of acetate and butyrate. The central metabolic pathways for the utilization of three carbon sources are very similar, except for the anaplerotic pathway which ...
... eutropha was cultivated on a mixture of three carbon sources, lactate was consumed first as a large amount of ATP is needed for the transport of acetate and butyrate. The central metabolic pathways for the utilization of three carbon sources are very similar, except for the anaplerotic pathway which ...
THE LIVER AS AN ORGAN
... immunoglobulins, binding proteins, cholesterol, lipoproteins, bile, and other important molecules. Cholesterol production and excretion: The body requires cholesterol, and although this substance can be synthesized by many cells in the body, the liver can produce it at a high rate when necessary (wi ...
... immunoglobulins, binding proteins, cholesterol, lipoproteins, bile, and other important molecules. Cholesterol production and excretion: The body requires cholesterol, and although this substance can be synthesized by many cells in the body, the liver can produce it at a high rate when necessary (wi ...
06_Metabolism of lipid
... 3. L isomer of methylmalonyl CoA is converted into succinyl CoA by an intramolecular rearrangement Enzyme: methylmalonyl CoA mutase Coenzyme: vitamin B12 (cobalamin) ...
... 3. L isomer of methylmalonyl CoA is converted into succinyl CoA by an intramolecular rearrangement Enzyme: methylmalonyl CoA mutase Coenzyme: vitamin B12 (cobalamin) ...
The Simplified Nitrogen Cycle
... sugars from the root exudates to make protein. This nitrogen rich protein is the main source of Nitrogen in the soil foodweb. • Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, or blue/green algae, are essential to maintaining the fertility of semi-aquatic environments like rice paddies. Biological nitrogen fixation ...
... sugars from the root exudates to make protein. This nitrogen rich protein is the main source of Nitrogen in the soil foodweb. • Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, or blue/green algae, are essential to maintaining the fertility of semi-aquatic environments like rice paddies. Biological nitrogen fixation ...
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
... Keeping Ammonia Out. From the crystal structures and known features of the Amt and GlnK protein families, a mechanism was developed to explain regulation of ammonia uptake by a prokaryotic cell. One interesting aspect of the interactions between the two proteins is that an overall negative charge is ...
... Keeping Ammonia Out. From the crystal structures and known features of the Amt and GlnK protein families, a mechanism was developed to explain regulation of ammonia uptake by a prokaryotic cell. One interesting aspect of the interactions between the two proteins is that an overall negative charge is ...
Proteins and Albumin
... Amino acid chains vary in size from 2 to thousands of amino acid residues (the term residue refers to an amino acid incorporated into a peptide chain). Small assemblies of amino acids that contain fewer than 50 or so residues are usually referred to as peptides; the smallest peptides have names prec ...
... Amino acid chains vary in size from 2 to thousands of amino acid residues (the term residue refers to an amino acid incorporated into a peptide chain). Small assemblies of amino acids that contain fewer than 50 or so residues are usually referred to as peptides; the smallest peptides have names prec ...
The Terminal Enzymes of Sialic Acid Metabolism: Acylneuraminate
... synthesis and polymerization, e.g., several Escherichia coli strains (Vimr and Troy, 1985a, b). In these organisms, lyases are important for the regulation of the intracellular sialic acid concentration. Vimr and Troy (1985a) showed that in special mutants lacking acylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase acti ...
... synthesis and polymerization, e.g., several Escherichia coli strains (Vimr and Troy, 1985a, b). In these organisms, lyases are important for the regulation of the intracellular sialic acid concentration. Vimr and Troy (1985a) showed that in special mutants lacking acylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase acti ...
Chapter 12: Protein structure, stability and folding
... Biochemistry as a discipline is primarily concerned with molecular mechanisms of biological processes. These days, the starting point is often 3-dimensional structure, usually obtained from X-ray crystallography. Genomic sequencing and structural genomics projects continue to provide a wealth of inf ...
... Biochemistry as a discipline is primarily concerned with molecular mechanisms of biological processes. These days, the starting point is often 3-dimensional structure, usually obtained from X-ray crystallography. Genomic sequencing and structural genomics projects continue to provide a wealth of inf ...
A metaproteomic assessment of winter and summer
... A metaproteomic survey of surface coastal waters near Palmer Station on the Antarctic Peninsula, West Antarctica, was performed, revealing marked differences in the functional capacity of summer and winter communities of bacterioplankton. Proteins from Flavobacteria were more abundant in the summer ...
... A metaproteomic survey of surface coastal waters near Palmer Station on the Antarctic Peninsula, West Antarctica, was performed, revealing marked differences in the functional capacity of summer and winter communities of bacterioplankton. Proteins from Flavobacteria were more abundant in the summer ...
Biology 103 Lecture and Biology 103A Lab Objectives
... Note: oxygen is not used in the citric acid cycle 9. Trace the transfer of hydrogen or hydrogen electrons (from NADH2) through the electron transport system in aerobic cellular respiration. Know this is also called the cytochrome system. Include: role of NADH2, NAD+, cytochromes role of oxygen as th ...
... Note: oxygen is not used in the citric acid cycle 9. Trace the transfer of hydrogen or hydrogen electrons (from NADH2) through the electron transport system in aerobic cellular respiration. Know this is also called the cytochrome system. Include: role of NADH2, NAD+, cytochromes role of oxygen as th ...
Lipoproteins
... HDL thus transports cholesterol from tissues & other lipoproteins to the liver, which can excrete excess cholesterol as bile acids. High blood levels of HDL ("good" cholesterol) correlate with low incidence of atherosclerosis. Bacterial & viral infections, & some inflammatory disease states decrease ...
... HDL thus transports cholesterol from tissues & other lipoproteins to the liver, which can excrete excess cholesterol as bile acids. High blood levels of HDL ("good" cholesterol) correlate with low incidence of atherosclerosis. Bacterial & viral infections, & some inflammatory disease states decrease ...
7-Keto DHEA - Scientific Bio
... body can synthesise L-Citrulline into L-Arginine. By supplying both L-Arginine and L-Citrulline one gets the building block for NO production and the ingredient to replenish and recycle that building block. Improving NO production increases blood flow and oxygen utilization in the muscles, providing ...
... body can synthesise L-Citrulline into L-Arginine. By supplying both L-Arginine and L-Citrulline one gets the building block for NO production and the ingredient to replenish and recycle that building block. Improving NO production increases blood flow and oxygen utilization in the muscles, providing ...
Chemical Reactions
... 9. Give the students the reaction and ask them to identify the element oxidized, the element reduced, the oxidizing reactant and the reducing reactant Observations: As the yeast combines with the sugar solution bubbling will occur. Let your students know that bubbling is a sign of a chemical reactio ...
... 9. Give the students the reaction and ask them to identify the element oxidized, the element reduced, the oxidizing reactant and the reducing reactant Observations: As the yeast combines with the sugar solution bubbling will occur. Let your students know that bubbling is a sign of a chemical reactio ...
bimat.org
... translation initiation codon ATG at nucleotide position 26 (Fig. 1B). At position 23 from this initiation codon there exists an adenine nucleotide, and at position 14 there is a guanine nucleotide, representative of a Kozak initiation sequence (44). The first 19 amino acids apparently comprise a sig ...
... translation initiation codon ATG at nucleotide position 26 (Fig. 1B). At position 23 from this initiation codon there exists an adenine nucleotide, and at position 14 there is a guanine nucleotide, representative of a Kozak initiation sequence (44). The first 19 amino acids apparently comprise a sig ...
Predicting Secondary Structures of Proteins
... substances are present, and then releases it, the protein immediately folds back to the same 3-D structure it had before. This folding process takes less than a second. Therefore, it seems that all the information necessary for the protein to achieve its “native structure” is contained in its amino ...
... substances are present, and then releases it, the protein immediately folds back to the same 3-D structure it had before. This folding process takes less than a second. Therefore, it seems that all the information necessary for the protein to achieve its “native structure” is contained in its amino ...
ribosome
... Correct! Whenever an AUG codon is read by the ribosome, the amino acid called METHIONINE will be delivered to the ribosome. Notice how the chart says “start codon” below methionine? This also means that the codon AUG will activate the ribosome to start the process of making a protein. Click on the C ...
... Correct! Whenever an AUG codon is read by the ribosome, the amino acid called METHIONINE will be delivered to the ribosome. Notice how the chart says “start codon” below methionine? This also means that the codon AUG will activate the ribosome to start the process of making a protein. Click on the C ...
THE EFFECT OF R-FACTOR CARRIAGE ON THE SURVIVAL O F
... experiments were not isolated in any experiment. In a similar experiment in which chromosomally marked organisms bearing these same two plasmids were each ingested by two people, there was no evidence of loss or fragmentation of resistance determinants in 276 chromosomally marked organisms that were ...
... experiments were not isolated in any experiment. In a similar experiment in which chromosomally marked organisms bearing these same two plasmids were each ingested by two people, there was no evidence of loss or fragmentation of resistance determinants in 276 chromosomally marked organisms that were ...
Dyeing of Wool, Silk and Acrylic
... are negatively charged and smaller than the dye anion and can move more rapidly in the dye liquor. • Dye sites of the fiber polymer are rapidly occupied by the chloride/sulphate radical and in effect compete with the acid dye anion for the dye sites. ...
... are negatively charged and smaller than the dye anion and can move more rapidly in the dye liquor. • Dye sites of the fiber polymer are rapidly occupied by the chloride/sulphate radical and in effect compete with the acid dye anion for the dye sites. ...
Practical Methods for Biocatalysis and Biotransformations Brochure
... More information from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2174997/ ...
... More information from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2174997/ ...
Molecular Recognition and Membrane Transport with Mixed
... Results and Discussion Previously, we have reported on the ability of boronic acids to transport hydrophilic p-nitrophenyl β-D-glycosides through bulk, liquid membranes (BLMs).11,12 Depending on the experimental conditions, two transport pathways were found to operate. One pathway involved the forma ...
... Results and Discussion Previously, we have reported on the ability of boronic acids to transport hydrophilic p-nitrophenyl β-D-glycosides through bulk, liquid membranes (BLMs).11,12 Depending on the experimental conditions, two transport pathways were found to operate. One pathway involved the forma ...
Chemistry (SPA)
... particle of matter. It translates to mean something that is indivisible. In the eighteenth century, chemist, John Dalton, revived the term when he suggested that each element was made up of unique atoms and the atoms of an element are all the same. At that time, there were about 35 known elements. T ...
... particle of matter. It translates to mean something that is indivisible. In the eighteenth century, chemist, John Dalton, revived the term when he suggested that each element was made up of unique atoms and the atoms of an element are all the same. At that time, there were about 35 known elements. T ...
File
... Balance all atoms, except H and O Balance O by adding H2O to the opposite side of the equation Balance H by adding H+ (instead of cumbersome H3O+) to the appropriate side of the equation For acidic solutions, can have H+(aq), H2O(l), not OH(aq), never e(aq) or O2(aq); - for basic solutions can ha ...
... Balance all atoms, except H and O Balance O by adding H2O to the opposite side of the equation Balance H by adding H+ (instead of cumbersome H3O+) to the appropriate side of the equation For acidic solutions, can have H+(aq), H2O(l), not OH(aq), never e(aq) or O2(aq); - for basic solutions can ha ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.