Inhibition by D-Glutamate of Growth and Glutamate
... a potent growth inhibitor for the two Neurospora crassa strains studied, and its inhibition was easily annulled by L-glu or glutamine at 2-5times smaller molar concentrations. Although cell-free preparations showed no glutaminase activity, it is not certain that the glutamine itself, and not some en ...
... a potent growth inhibitor for the two Neurospora crassa strains studied, and its inhibition was easily annulled by L-glu or glutamine at 2-5times smaller molar concentrations. Although cell-free preparations showed no glutaminase activity, it is not certain that the glutamine itself, and not some en ...
What is an enzyme? Function of enzymes
... the mitochondria using pyruvate and NAD+. • Acetyl-CoA can then be used to transfer an acetyl group (CH3CO) to aid in fatty acid synthesis. ...
... the mitochondria using pyruvate and NAD+. • Acetyl-CoA can then be used to transfer an acetyl group (CH3CO) to aid in fatty acid synthesis. ...
... 1,011-bp PCR product was cloned using Gateway cloning technology (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). Plasmid pDONR221, using the BP reaction, was used to create the entry clone, designated plasmid pUD64. From this entry clone and the multicopy plasmid pAG426GPD-ccdB (Addgene, Cambridge, MA), the yeast expre ...
Firefly Bioluminescence
... Firefly Luciferase Structure and Mechanistic Functions The cloning and sequencing of P. pyralis luciferase and similar enzymes from approximately fifteen other beetle species has revealed that these luciferases are closely related to a large family of non-bioluminescent proteins that catalyze reacti ...
... Firefly Luciferase Structure and Mechanistic Functions The cloning and sequencing of P. pyralis luciferase and similar enzymes from approximately fifteen other beetle species has revealed that these luciferases are closely related to a large family of non-bioluminescent proteins that catalyze reacti ...
bme-biochem-3-kh-enzymes-9
... Enzymes are mostly proteins They are highly specific to a reaction They catalyze many reactions including breaking down nutrients, storing and releasing energy, creating new molecules, and coordinating biological reactions. Enzymes use an active site, but can be affected by bonding at other areas ...
... Enzymes are mostly proteins They are highly specific to a reaction They catalyze many reactions including breaking down nutrients, storing and releasing energy, creating new molecules, and coordinating biological reactions. Enzymes use an active site, but can be affected by bonding at other areas ...
The Additive Screen MD1-11
... The Additive Screen is formulated for use before or during the optimization of proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, & water soluble small molecules. This kit is designed to test the effect of 24 compounds on protein crystal growth; screen examples from different classes of additives typically used in ...
... The Additive Screen is formulated for use before or during the optimization of proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, & water soluble small molecules. This kit is designed to test the effect of 24 compounds on protein crystal growth; screen examples from different classes of additives typically used in ...
A Study of Amino Acid, Protein, Organic Acid and Carbohydrate
... The physiological effect of gibberellic acid has been studied extensively from many different points of view. From anatomical studies of seedlings of Vigna sesquipedalis Kato (1955) reported that gibberellic acid induced growth in a longitudinal rather than in the transverse direction and that the e ...
... The physiological effect of gibberellic acid has been studied extensively from many different points of view. From anatomical studies of seedlings of Vigna sesquipedalis Kato (1955) reported that gibberellic acid induced growth in a longitudinal rather than in the transverse direction and that the e ...
Role of Bioinformatics Tools in Biological Research GPS
... BTXpred: Prediction of bacterial toxins NTXpred: Classification of neurotoxins Mitpred: Prediction of mitochondrial proteins SRTpred: Identification of classical and non-classical secretory proteins AC2Dgel: Analysis and comparison of 2D gels VICMPred: Prediction of gram negative bacterial functiona ...
... BTXpred: Prediction of bacterial toxins NTXpred: Classification of neurotoxins Mitpred: Prediction of mitochondrial proteins SRTpred: Identification of classical and non-classical secretory proteins AC2Dgel: Analysis and comparison of 2D gels VICMPred: Prediction of gram negative bacterial functiona ...
Document
... affecting DNA-damage repair, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis • Deacetylates NF-kB, a prosurvival tanscription factor (context dependent) ...
... affecting DNA-damage repair, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis • Deacetylates NF-kB, a prosurvival tanscription factor (context dependent) ...
Microbiology 146:
... The isolation and characterization of a Rhizobium etli glutamate auxotroph, TAD12, harbouring a single Tn5 insertion, is reported. This mutant produced no detectable glutamate synthase (GOGAT) activity. The cloning and physical characterization of a 72 kb fragment of R. etli DNA harbouring the stru ...
... The isolation and characterization of a Rhizobium etli glutamate auxotroph, TAD12, harbouring a single Tn5 insertion, is reported. This mutant produced no detectable glutamate synthase (GOGAT) activity. The cloning and physical characterization of a 72 kb fragment of R. etli DNA harbouring the stru ...
a study on the reaction mechanism of hardened cement chemically
... larger than about 0.40, mass decrease rate are at the same as deteriorated by sulfuric acid. On the other hand, in the case of sulfuric acid mol fraction of this are smaller than about 0.40, mass decrease rate increase liner and finally mass decrease rate are at the same as deteriorated by nitric ac ...
... larger than about 0.40, mass decrease rate are at the same as deteriorated by sulfuric acid. On the other hand, in the case of sulfuric acid mol fraction of this are smaller than about 0.40, mass decrease rate increase liner and finally mass decrease rate are at the same as deteriorated by nitric ac ...
Adventures in Chemistry Julie T. Millard, Colby College
... The Molecular Basis of Exercise (cont) d. Mobilization of Fuels 1. During glycolysis, glucose is oxidized to pyruvate and ATP is produced. 2. Pyruvate can be oxidized in the efficient aerobic pathway (cellular respiration) or converted to lactic acid in the anaerobic pathway (fermentation). 3. The r ...
... The Molecular Basis of Exercise (cont) d. Mobilization of Fuels 1. During glycolysis, glucose is oxidized to pyruvate and ATP is produced. 2. Pyruvate can be oxidized in the efficient aerobic pathway (cellular respiration) or converted to lactic acid in the anaerobic pathway (fermentation). 3. The r ...
Chemistry and the Gym
... The Molecular Basis of Exercise (cont) d. Mobilization of Fuels 1. During glycolysis, glucose is oxidized to pyruvate and ATP is produced. 2. Pyruvate can be oxidized in the efficient aerobic pathway (cellular respiration) or converted to lactic acid in the anaerobic pathway (fermentation). 3. The r ...
... The Molecular Basis of Exercise (cont) d. Mobilization of Fuels 1. During glycolysis, glucose is oxidized to pyruvate and ATP is produced. 2. Pyruvate can be oxidized in the efficient aerobic pathway (cellular respiration) or converted to lactic acid in the anaerobic pathway (fermentation). 3. The r ...
Protein Composition of a High-Protein Barley Flour and Barley Grain
... fractions. The protein fraction was isolated by decanting, then dried by a direct hot-air stream and called "high-protein barley flour." From the seed protein, 6% was passed into bran, 22% into the fiber fraction, less than 0.5% into A-grade starch, 30% into B-grade starch, and 42% into the protein ...
... fractions. The protein fraction was isolated by decanting, then dried by a direct hot-air stream and called "high-protein barley flour." From the seed protein, 6% was passed into bran, 22% into the fiber fraction, less than 0.5% into A-grade starch, 30% into B-grade starch, and 42% into the protein ...
Interpretive Guide
... The highly regulated heme pathway consists of eight enzyme-driven reactions. Reactions begin and end inside the mitochondria, with intervening steps carried out in the cytosol. When porphyrinogens build up, they are easily oxidized to porphyrins that appear in urine. Toxicants like heavy metals and ...
... The highly regulated heme pathway consists of eight enzyme-driven reactions. Reactions begin and end inside the mitochondria, with intervening steps carried out in the cytosol. When porphyrinogens build up, they are easily oxidized to porphyrins that appear in urine. Toxicants like heavy metals and ...
4.3 Common carboxylic acids with practical uses . Methanoic acid
... Characterized by their humectant, keratoplastic, keratolytic, and sebum-regulating properties. They also improve the quality of the elastin fibers that tend to become longer, less fragmented, and more undulated. Salicylic acid Keratolytic properties are directly related to the intercellular cement o ...
... Characterized by their humectant, keratoplastic, keratolytic, and sebum-regulating properties. They also improve the quality of the elastin fibers that tend to become longer, less fragmented, and more undulated. Salicylic acid Keratolytic properties are directly related to the intercellular cement o ...
Poster
... interactions with a number of nonpolar residues contribute to hydrolase inhibitor binding. Inhibitor design targeted the hydrolase active site; however, a known inhibitor of the phosphatase active site was linked to putative hydrolase inhibitors to create bi-substrate inhibitors, which are expected ...
... interactions with a number of nonpolar residues contribute to hydrolase inhibitor binding. Inhibitor design targeted the hydrolase active site; however, a known inhibitor of the phosphatase active site was linked to putative hydrolase inhibitors to create bi-substrate inhibitors, which are expected ...
Chemical Characterization of Polar Species in Colombian
... Vacuum residue (VR) was obtained from Colombian crude oil. Five cuts were derived from VR subjected to SFEF separation. The supercritical solvent was n-hexane and the operating conditions were 265 °C and four different pressures 4.5, 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 MPa. A subfraction was collected for each program ...
... Vacuum residue (VR) was obtained from Colombian crude oil. Five cuts were derived from VR subjected to SFEF separation. The supercritical solvent was n-hexane and the operating conditions were 265 °C and four different pressures 4.5, 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 MPa. A subfraction was collected for each program ...
A Simple Method for Displaying the Hydropathic Character of a Protein
... plotted values and known structures determined by crystallography. In the case of membrane-bound proteins, the portions of their sequences that are located within the lipid bilayer are also clearly delineated by large uninterrupted areas on the hydrophobic side of the midpoint line. As such, the mem ...
... plotted values and known structures determined by crystallography. In the case of membrane-bound proteins, the portions of their sequences that are located within the lipid bilayer are also clearly delineated by large uninterrupted areas on the hydrophobic side of the midpoint line. As such, the mem ...
Chemiosmotic systems in bioenergetics
... hydrogen transfer (Mitchell, 1961), is nicely illustrated by the phosphotransferase system (PTS) which was later found in many bacterial species. The system in question: (a) imports extracellular glucose into the bacterium; and (b) phosphorylates it using phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form intracellu ...
... hydrogen transfer (Mitchell, 1961), is nicely illustrated by the phosphotransferase system (PTS) which was later found in many bacterial species. The system in question: (a) imports extracellular glucose into the bacterium; and (b) phosphorylates it using phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form intracellu ...
Berleman, J. Analysis of inter-species interactions and
... Bioluminescence is an important signaling mechanism in marine organisms (Herring, 1985). Unicellular marine dinoflagellates use a flash of bioluminescence to escape predation. It is utilized by some fish species, such as the angler fish Melanocetus johnsonii, as a lure to attract prey. The Black Dra ...
... Bioluminescence is an important signaling mechanism in marine organisms (Herring, 1985). Unicellular marine dinoflagellates use a flash of bioluminescence to escape predation. It is utilized by some fish species, such as the angler fish Melanocetus johnsonii, as a lure to attract prey. The Black Dra ...
1. Introduction to Natural Products Chemistry
... metabolism are more specific. • In plants, primary metabolism is made up of photosynthesis, respiration, etc., using CO2, H2O, and NH3 as starting materials, and forming products such as glucose, amino acids, nucleic acids. These are similar among different species. • In secondary metabolism, the bi ...
... metabolism are more specific. • In plants, primary metabolism is made up of photosynthesis, respiration, etc., using CO2, H2O, and NH3 as starting materials, and forming products such as glucose, amino acids, nucleic acids. These are similar among different species. • In secondary metabolism, the bi ...
vitamine
... Vitamins are divided up into two main groups which are fatsoluble vitamins and watersoluble vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins are usually found in foods that contain fat. The body stores the fat soluble vitamins and because of this, people don’t usually need to make a special effort to include them in ...
... Vitamins are divided up into two main groups which are fatsoluble vitamins and watersoluble vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins are usually found in foods that contain fat. The body stores the fat soluble vitamins and because of this, people don’t usually need to make a special effort to include them in ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.