Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) is a
... The word reduction originally referred to the loss in weight upon heating a metallic ore such as a metal oxide to extract the metal. In other words, ore was "reduced" to metal. Antoine Lavoisier (1743–1794) showed that this loss of weight was due to the loss of oxygen as a gas. Later, scientists rea ...
... The word reduction originally referred to the loss in weight upon heating a metallic ore such as a metal oxide to extract the metal. In other words, ore was "reduced" to metal. Antoine Lavoisier (1743–1794) showed that this loss of weight was due to the loss of oxygen as a gas. Later, scientists rea ...
brv12140 - Cambridge Repository
... 6 Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, U.K. 7 Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany 8 Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria 9 Cancer Research UK Cambridge Resea ...
... 6 Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, U.K. 7 Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany 8 Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria 9 Cancer Research UK Cambridge Resea ...
The energy-less red blood cell is lost – erythrocyte
... unique glycolytic bypass for the production of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), the Rapoport-Luebering Shunt. This shunt bypasses the phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) step and accounts for the synthesis and regulation of 2,3-DPG levels that decreases hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen.2 In addition, 2, ...
... unique glycolytic bypass for the production of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), the Rapoport-Luebering Shunt. This shunt bypasses the phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) step and accounts for the synthesis and regulation of 2,3-DPG levels that decreases hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen.2 In addition, 2, ...
Metabolite Markers
... The following pages list the 74 metabolite markers of the Organic Acids Test. Included is the name of the metabolic marker, its clinical significance, and usual initial treatment. ...
... The following pages list the 74 metabolite markers of the Organic Acids Test. Included is the name of the metabolic marker, its clinical significance, and usual initial treatment. ...
Indole Alkaloids 1- Ergot Alkaloids - Home
... Enhances the cerebral blood flow, facilitate cerebral circulation metabolism and increase general activity. Vincamine is used in cerebral vascular deficiency and atherosclerosis in elderly patients. ...
... Enhances the cerebral blood flow, facilitate cerebral circulation metabolism and increase general activity. Vincamine is used in cerebral vascular deficiency and atherosclerosis in elderly patients. ...
144803525 - BORA
... During the 1960s, Anfinsen’s study shed light on the dynamic nature of protein structure and contributed in the development of proteolytic methods [3, 4]. Subsequent research on the active site and catalytic mechanism of enzymes by Cornforth and co-workers introduced mechanistic enzymology as a new ...
... During the 1960s, Anfinsen’s study shed light on the dynamic nature of protein structure and contributed in the development of proteolytic methods [3, 4]. Subsequent research on the active site and catalytic mechanism of enzymes by Cornforth and co-workers introduced mechanistic enzymology as a new ...
Nitrogen metabolism in relation to drought stress responses in
... non-apparent drought. They are adapted to temperate and humid environments, wherein these types of drought are frequent, and therefore, they could have acquired mechanisms to tolerate the drought. For several years it has been known that plants respond to drought stress by undergoing biochemical ada ...
... non-apparent drought. They are adapted to temperate and humid environments, wherein these types of drought are frequent, and therefore, they could have acquired mechanisms to tolerate the drought. For several years it has been known that plants respond to drought stress by undergoing biochemical ada ...
representation and display of non-standard peptides using semi
... • The vast majority of chemical entities stored in chemical databases and pharmaceutical registration systems are classical “small molecules”. • For these molecules, the universal cheminformatics “all-heavy-atom” representations work well, providing duplicate checking, substructure search, normaliza ...
... • The vast majority of chemical entities stored in chemical databases and pharmaceutical registration systems are classical “small molecules”. • For these molecules, the universal cheminformatics “all-heavy-atom” representations work well, providing duplicate checking, substructure search, normaliza ...
Research Communications
... of Ferritin-1 and its putative role in chloroplast targeting have been examined. The study would impart better understanding of targeting heterologous proteins to chloroplasts in pulses. Keywords: Chloroplast targeting peptide, domains, ferritin-1, motifs, transgenes. THE chloroplast is the site of ...
... of Ferritin-1 and its putative role in chloroplast targeting have been examined. The study would impart better understanding of targeting heterologous proteins to chloroplasts in pulses. Keywords: Chloroplast targeting peptide, domains, ferritin-1, motifs, transgenes. THE chloroplast is the site of ...
Engineering cell factories for producing building block chemicals for
... Escherichia coli naturally produces optically pure d-lactic acid and has many advantages as a host for microbial production, such as simple nutritional requirements and well-established systems for genetic manipulation [33]. However, E. coli performs mixed-acid fermentation, in which the principal p ...
... Escherichia coli naturally produces optically pure d-lactic acid and has many advantages as a host for microbial production, such as simple nutritional requirements and well-established systems for genetic manipulation [33]. However, E. coli performs mixed-acid fermentation, in which the principal p ...
Mechanistic and Computational Studies of Ferroin, Simple Organic
... The scientist’s journey is a long and challenging one. Though I do not know where mine will end, I have high hopes for it. In this short preface to the work that has directly consumed a large amount of my last nine months at the University of Missouri (and indirectly quite a bit longer), I would lik ...
... The scientist’s journey is a long and challenging one. Though I do not know where mine will end, I have high hopes for it. In this short preface to the work that has directly consumed a large amount of my last nine months at the University of Missouri (and indirectly quite a bit longer), I would lik ...
Practice Exam Spring 2008 answers
... Legge Practice Exam BCHS 3304 Fall 2005 Note: This homework will not be collected. However, quizzes and exams will assume that you have completed and understand the homework assignment and could answer related questions. In this homework you are also given a practice exam II, which you may use as a ...
... Legge Practice Exam BCHS 3304 Fall 2005 Note: This homework will not be collected. However, quizzes and exams will assume that you have completed and understand the homework assignment and could answer related questions. In this homework you are also given a practice exam II, which you may use as a ...
Phytochemistry 24:
... activity was found in the nodule cytosol, consistent with the idea that most of the ammonia is taken up by plant enzymes. In return for ammonia, the plant supplies carbon sources and energy and helps provide oxygen at a suitable activity for the nitrogen fixation to take placeforming a highly benefi ...
... activity was found in the nodule cytosol, consistent with the idea that most of the ammonia is taken up by plant enzymes. In return for ammonia, the plant supplies carbon sources and energy and helps provide oxygen at a suitable activity for the nitrogen fixation to take placeforming a highly benefi ...
國立清華大學 - 罕見疾病基金會
... metabolism in eukaryotic cells. This organelle is formed by two phospholipid membranes, outer- and inner-membrane, to separate three compartments which from outside to inside are called cytosol, inter-membrane space and matrix. There are many protein complexes on the inner-membrane which participate ...
... metabolism in eukaryotic cells. This organelle is formed by two phospholipid membranes, outer- and inner-membrane, to separate three compartments which from outside to inside are called cytosol, inter-membrane space and matrix. There are many protein complexes on the inner-membrane which participate ...
Effect of Tannic Acid on Growth and Acid Production of Candida
... their growth.20,21 This is in agreement with the results of the present study which showed that Tannic Acid has fungistatic and fungicidal effects on the growth of C. albicans. In addition, the findings of our study demonstrated an inhibitory effect on acid production of C. albicans. Although the in ...
... their growth.20,21 This is in agreement with the results of the present study which showed that Tannic Acid has fungistatic and fungicidal effects on the growth of C. albicans. In addition, the findings of our study demonstrated an inhibitory effect on acid production of C. albicans. Although the in ...
Human Ig heavy chain CDR3 regions in adult
... The combined variation in sequence and size of the HCDR3 generates an enormous diversity in Ig antigen binding sites, especially in humans (7,14–17). The importance of HCDR3 diversity is illustrated by the fact that this region forms the center of the antigen binding site and provides essential resi ...
... The combined variation in sequence and size of the HCDR3 generates an enormous diversity in Ig antigen binding sites, especially in humans (7,14–17). The importance of HCDR3 diversity is illustrated by the fact that this region forms the center of the antigen binding site and provides essential resi ...
Proficiency Test Lyon 2008
... The toxicity of L-2-hydroxyglutaric is due to its excitoxic effect (increases uptake of glutamate). It oxidizes lipids and proteins (mainly in cerebellum) and reduces the brain capacity to regulate the production of free radicals. However it has no inhibitory effect on mitochondrial respiratory chai ...
... The toxicity of L-2-hydroxyglutaric is due to its excitoxic effect (increases uptake of glutamate). It oxidizes lipids and proteins (mainly in cerebellum) and reduces the brain capacity to regulate the production of free radicals. However it has no inhibitory effect on mitochondrial respiratory chai ...
Synthesis of a novel β-lactamase hydrolysis resistant penicillin analog
... antibiotic is very close to be the ideal. The bacterial cell wall consists of a rigid structure that, among other things, protects the fragile cytoplasmic membrane from the high osmotic pressure within the cell. If this cell wall has been damaged for any reason, the cystoplasmic membrane may be dama ...
... antibiotic is very close to be the ideal. The bacterial cell wall consists of a rigid structure that, among other things, protects the fragile cytoplasmic membrane from the high osmotic pressure within the cell. If this cell wall has been damaged for any reason, the cystoplasmic membrane may be dama ...
design of lupin seeds lactic acid fermentation – changes of
... Legume grains, such as beans, peas and lupins, are valuable feedstuffs because of relatively high energy and protein contents and an attractive protein quality. However, they also contain anti-nutritional substances, such as alkaloids, oligosaccharides (e.g. raffinose, stachyose and verbascose) and ...
... Legume grains, such as beans, peas and lupins, are valuable feedstuffs because of relatively high energy and protein contents and an attractive protein quality. However, they also contain anti-nutritional substances, such as alkaloids, oligosaccharides (e.g. raffinose, stachyose and verbascose) and ...
Proposed alignment of helical interruptions in the two subunits of the
... chain. Our alignment is based upon (i) beginning the alignment at the nucleation point, and (ii) maximizing the length of the Gly-X-Y repeats between the interruptions. In addition, by using the human cri (IV) collagen sequence (fig.1 from the Nterminus to point B), we find that interruption no.1 in ...
... chain. Our alignment is based upon (i) beginning the alignment at the nucleation point, and (ii) maximizing the length of the Gly-X-Y repeats between the interruptions. In addition, by using the human cri (IV) collagen sequence (fig.1 from the Nterminus to point B), we find that interruption no.1 in ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.