Do we really understand quantum mechanics?
... equation: the next step would then be to try and propose an equation for this new wave. The story adds that the remark was made in the presence of Schrödinger, who soon started to work on this program; he successfully and rapidly completed it by proposing the equation which now bears his name, one ...
... equation: the next step would then be to try and propose an equation for this new wave. The story adds that the remark was made in the presence of Schrödinger, who soon started to work on this program; he successfully and rapidly completed it by proposing the equation which now bears his name, one ...
BPS Geometry, AdS/CFT, and String Theory
... phenomenological theories from string theory, and these might be tested in the near future. Some aspects of the cutting-edge experiments in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in CERN will presumably address some problems in the Tev Scale physics, for example the electroweak symmetry breaking, superpart ...
... phenomenological theories from string theory, and these might be tested in the near future. Some aspects of the cutting-edge experiments in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in CERN will presumably address some problems in the Tev Scale physics, for example the electroweak symmetry breaking, superpart ...
An introduction to Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics
... Its original prescription rested on two principles. First that we should try to express the state of the mechanical system using the minimum representation possible and which reflects the fact that the physics of the problem is coordinate-invariant. Second, a mechanical system tries to optimize its ...
... Its original prescription rested on two principles. First that we should try to express the state of the mechanical system using the minimum representation possible and which reflects the fact that the physics of the problem is coordinate-invariant. Second, a mechanical system tries to optimize its ...
LAPLACE TRANSFORM AND UNIVERSAL sl2 INVARIANTS
... The integrality of quantum invariants was established earlier only at roots of unity of prime order (see [13, 9]). The integrality of the Ohtsuki series for g = sl2 was proved by Rozansky, using quite a different method. 0.2. Results. In this paper we extend Habiro’s construction to some classes of ...
... The integrality of quantum invariants was established earlier only at roots of unity of prime order (see [13, 9]). The integrality of the Ohtsuki series for g = sl2 was proved by Rozansky, using quite a different method. 0.2. Results. In this paper we extend Habiro’s construction to some classes of ...
Steady State Entanglement in Quantum Dot Networks
... For N qubits there are 2N terms in the superposition if none of the coefficients are zero. Quantum Parallelism, which gives quantum computers an advantages over classical computers, arises from the possibility to prepare the state of qubits in a superposition. This allows us to perform a computation ...
... For N qubits there are 2N terms in the superposition if none of the coefficients are zero. Quantum Parallelism, which gives quantum computers an advantages over classical computers, arises from the possibility to prepare the state of qubits in a superposition. This allows us to perform a computation ...
pdf - VUB
... Principle. Rips’ own version of a dual theory distinguishes between representationsof and representations-about , both of which are said to play a role in conjunction. However, he does not claim to have solved the problem of how to describe concepts and their conjunctions, noting `It seems likely th ...
... Principle. Rips’ own version of a dual theory distinguishes between representationsof and representations-about , both of which are said to play a role in conjunction. However, he does not claim to have solved the problem of how to describe concepts and their conjunctions, noting `It seems likely th ...
PHYSICS Handbook for Graduate Students in Physics 2015–2016
... Balantekin, A. Baha, Ph.D., Yale, 1982. Theoretical physics at the interface of nuclear physics, particle physics, and astrophysics; mathematical physics; neutrino physics and astrophysics; fundamental symmetries; nuclear structure physics. Barger, Vernon, Ph.D., Penn State, 1963. Theory and phenome ...
... Balantekin, A. Baha, Ph.D., Yale, 1982. Theoretical physics at the interface of nuclear physics, particle physics, and astrophysics; mathematical physics; neutrino physics and astrophysics; fundamental symmetries; nuclear structure physics. Barger, Vernon, Ph.D., Penn State, 1963. Theory and phenome ...
Revisiting the Einstein
... -9prompt and warm embrace of Bose, along with the fact that Bose’s new statistics yielded an elegant, first-principles derivation of the Planck formula for black body radiation. Accepting Bose’s new statistics, however, meant facing up to the fact that the failure of the mutual independence of quan ...
... -9prompt and warm embrace of Bose, along with the fact that Bose’s new statistics yielded an elegant, first-principles derivation of the Planck formula for black body radiation. Accepting Bose’s new statistics, however, meant facing up to the fact that the failure of the mutual independence of quan ...
superconducting qubits solid state qubits
... Qubit initialization relies on cooling the qubits down well below the energy splitting between the ground and the excited states. As with the JJ qubits, the Boltzmann distribution gives high probability of occupying the ground state if the temperature is low enough. ...
... Qubit initialization relies on cooling the qubits down well below the energy splitting between the ground and the excited states. As with the JJ qubits, the Boltzmann distribution gives high probability of occupying the ground state if the temperature is low enough. ...
Quantum Computer - Physics, Computer Science and Engineering
... A Hilbert Space is a mathematical model for representing state space vectors. The state of a quantum system can be described by a column vector (|y> “ket”) in a Hilbert Space of wave functions. ...
... A Hilbert Space is a mathematical model for representing state space vectors. The state of a quantum system can be described by a column vector (|y> “ket”) in a Hilbert Space of wave functions. ...
Physics of the Large Hadron Collider Lecture 1: Fundamentals of the
... only unknown parameter of the Standard Model ...
... only unknown parameter of the Standard Model ...
Nonlinear Quantum Optics in a Waveguide: Distinct Single Photons Strongly
... relevant solid states systems, for example, as a subset of the four level fine structure of InAs=GaAs quantum dots [16]. While V-type systems [17] are also viable and reveal similar single photon switching behavior, the ladder-type configuration of InAs=GaAs quantum dots is attractive due to large ( ...
... relevant solid states systems, for example, as a subset of the four level fine structure of InAs=GaAs quantum dots [16]. While V-type systems [17] are also viable and reveal similar single photon switching behavior, the ladder-type configuration of InAs=GaAs quantum dots is attractive due to large ( ...
Mechanical Proof of the Second Law of Thermodynamics Based on
... In a previous work (M. Campisi. Stud. Hist. Phil. M. P. 36 (2005) 275-290) we have addressed the mechanical foundations of equilibrium thermodynamics on the basis of the Generalized Helmholtz Theorem. It was found that the volume entropy provides a good mechanical analogue of thermodynamic entropy b ...
... In a previous work (M. Campisi. Stud. Hist. Phil. M. P. 36 (2005) 275-290) we have addressed the mechanical foundations of equilibrium thermodynamics on the basis of the Generalized Helmholtz Theorem. It was found that the volume entropy provides a good mechanical analogue of thermodynamic entropy b ...
Contextualizing Concepts using a Mathematical Generalization of
... strictly inherited from its constituents. One could try to solve the problem ad hoc by starting all over again with a new state space each time there appears a state that was not possible given the previous state space; for instance, every time a conjunction like pet bird comes into existence. Howev ...
... strictly inherited from its constituents. One could try to solve the problem ad hoc by starting all over again with a new state space each time there appears a state that was not possible given the previous state space; for instance, every time a conjunction like pet bird comes into existence. Howev ...
Contextualizing Concepts using a Mathematical
... strictly inherited from its constituents. One could try to solve the problem ad hoc by starting all over again with a new state space each time there appears a state that was not possible given the previous state space; for instance, every time a conjunction like pet bird comes into existence. Howev ...
... strictly inherited from its constituents. One could try to solve the problem ad hoc by starting all over again with a new state space each time there appears a state that was not possible given the previous state space; for instance, every time a conjunction like pet bird comes into existence. Howev ...
Aspects of the Quantum Hall Effect
... as von Klitzing’s group, in extremely clean gallium arsenide (GaAs) heterostructures [109]. They found, in addition to the integer plateaus, additional steps in the Hall resistance at fractional values of the filling factor, at ν = 13 , 51 and so on. The theoretical obstacle to explaining these feat ...
... as von Klitzing’s group, in extremely clean gallium arsenide (GaAs) heterostructures [109]. They found, in addition to the integer plateaus, additional steps in the Hall resistance at fractional values of the filling factor, at ν = 13 , 51 and so on. The theoretical obstacle to explaining these feat ...
copyrighted material
... were quite arbitrary and do not follow from the first principles of a theory. It was the dissatisfaction with the arbitrary nature of Planck’s idea and Bohr’s postulates as well as the need to fit them within the context of a consistent theory that had prompted Heisenberg and Schrödinger to search f ...
... were quite arbitrary and do not follow from the first principles of a theory. It was the dissatisfaction with the arbitrary nature of Planck’s idea and Bohr’s postulates as well as the need to fit them within the context of a consistent theory that had prompted Heisenberg and Schrödinger to search f ...
Renormalization group
In theoretical physics, the renormalization group (RG) refers to a mathematical apparatus that allows systematic investigation of the changes of a physical system as viewed at different distance scales. In particle physics, it reflects the changes in the underlying force laws (codified in a quantum field theory) as the energy scale at which physical processes occur varies, energy/momentum and resolution distance scales being effectively conjugate under the uncertainty principle (cf. Compton wavelength).A change in scale is called a ""scale transformation"". The renormalization group is intimately related to ""scale invariance"" and ""conformal invariance"", symmetries in which a system appears the same at all scales (so-called self-similarity). (However, note that scale transformations are included in conformal transformations, in general: the latter including additional symmetry generators associated with special conformal transformations.)As the scale varies, it is as if one is changing the magnifying power of a notional microscope viewing the system. In so-called renormalizable theories, the system at one scale will generally be seen to consist of self-similar copies of itself when viewed at a smaller scale, with different parameters describing the components of the system. The components, or fundamental variables, may relate to atoms, elementary particles, atomic spins, etc. The parameters of the theory typically describe the interactions of the components. These may be variable ""couplings"" which measure the strength of various forces, or mass parameters themselves. The components themselves may appear to be composed of more of the self-same components as one goes to shorter distances.For example, in quantum electrodynamics (QED), an electron appears to be composed of electrons, positrons (anti-electrons) and photons, as one views it at higher resolution, at very short distances. The electron at such short distances has a slightly different electric charge than does the ""dressed electron"" seen at large distances, and this change, or ""running,"" in the value of the electric charge is determined by the renormalization group equation.