Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
... approach has led to the conclusion that the everyday world can be described by means of three particles (electron, up quark, and down quark) and four (strong, weak, electromagnetic, and gravitational) interactions only. However, this approach runs into difficulty if we are to explain more complex sy ...
... approach has led to the conclusion that the everyday world can be described by means of three particles (electron, up quark, and down quark) and four (strong, weak, electromagnetic, and gravitational) interactions only. However, this approach runs into difficulty if we are to explain more complex sy ...
MATHEMATICS OF TOPOLOGICAL QUANTUM COMPUTING 1
... level2 by using topological invariants of quantum systems. Information will be encoded non-locally into topological invariants that spread into local quantities just as the Euler characteristic spreads into local curvature by the Gauss-Bonnet theorem. Nature does provide such topological invariants ...
... level2 by using topological invariants of quantum systems. Information will be encoded non-locally into topological invariants that spread into local quantities just as the Euler characteristic spreads into local curvature by the Gauss-Bonnet theorem. Nature does provide such topological invariants ...
energy mass particles fields forces and new ether
... happen in the nothingness, almost certainly they will answer – with the field! - As if it were enough to pronounce the magic word to explain all these phenomena that occur in the "empty". And then they add all depends from the intrinsic physical properties of the vacuum, but space is absolutely empt ...
... happen in the nothingness, almost certainly they will answer – with the field! - As if it were enough to pronounce the magic word to explain all these phenomena that occur in the "empty". And then they add all depends from the intrinsic physical properties of the vacuum, but space is absolutely empt ...
Haag`s Theorem in Renormalisable Quantum Field Theories
... a common objective of those approaches was to obtain a theory of quantum fields with some reasonable properties. Axiomatic quantum field theory refined these properties further to a system of axioms. Several more or less equivalent such axiomatic systems have been proposed, the most prominent of whi ...
... a common objective of those approaches was to obtain a theory of quantum fields with some reasonable properties. Axiomatic quantum field theory refined these properties further to a system of axioms. Several more or less equivalent such axiomatic systems have been proposed, the most prominent of whi ...
第三次工業革命
... states is spread over many different available paths. This means the SD state are coupled to many ND states. Therefore it is difficult to understand how the single ND state model is able to account for the data in the 190 mass region. In addition, we notice that the decay out intensity based on this ...
... states is spread over many different available paths. This means the SD state are coupled to many ND states. Therefore it is difficult to understand how the single ND state model is able to account for the data in the 190 mass region. In addition, we notice that the decay out intensity based on this ...
Full paper
... The Schrödinger cat is a well-known example of the difficulty in clearly defining the border between the classical and quantum worlds. In this example, quantum theory allows for a macroscopic superposition of a dead and a live cat to exist while we have never been able to observe such a macroscopic ...
... The Schrödinger cat is a well-known example of the difficulty in clearly defining the border between the classical and quantum worlds. In this example, quantum theory allows for a macroscopic superposition of a dead and a live cat to exist while we have never been able to observe such a macroscopic ...
Quantum simulation of disordered systems with cold atoms
... main prediction is the existence of exponentially-localized eigenstates in space, in sharp contrast with the delocalized Bloch eigenstates of a prefect crystal. In three dimensions (3D), the model predicts the existence of a second-order quantum phase transition between delocalized (“metal”) and loc ...
... main prediction is the existence of exponentially-localized eigenstates in space, in sharp contrast with the delocalized Bloch eigenstates of a prefect crystal. In three dimensions (3D), the model predicts the existence of a second-order quantum phase transition between delocalized (“metal”) and loc ...
Three problems from quantum optics
... The third topic, fermion coherent states, deals with generalization to fermion fields of coherent states, one of the key concepts of quantum optics. Each of these topics is described briefly below and in detail in a separated chapter. I have tried to write this thesis clearly so that a physicist not ...
... The third topic, fermion coherent states, deals with generalization to fermion fields of coherent states, one of the key concepts of quantum optics. Each of these topics is described briefly below and in detail in a separated chapter. I have tried to write this thesis clearly so that a physicist not ...
ABSTRACT ADIABATIC QUANTUM COMPUTATION: NOISE IN THE ADIABATIC THEOREM AND USING THE JORDAN-WIGNER
... then a physical system is evolved slowly from a simple Hamiltonian H0 to HP . It is assumed that it is feasible to prepare this system in the ground state of H0 . Under the right conditions and if the evolution is done sufficiently slowly, then at the end of the evolution the state of the system wil ...
... then a physical system is evolved slowly from a simple Hamiltonian H0 to HP . It is assumed that it is feasible to prepare this system in the ground state of H0 . Under the right conditions and if the evolution is done sufficiently slowly, then at the end of the evolution the state of the system wil ...
numerical calculation of the ground state energies of the hydrogen
... also by Kolos and Wolniewicz (1968), this establishes the basis for further research. They implemented a variational approach in which the wave function is expressed in elliptic coordinates and using a method of Born. Before the advent of quantum mechanics all numerical solutions so far obtained mad ...
... also by Kolos and Wolniewicz (1968), this establishes the basis for further research. They implemented a variational approach in which the wave function is expressed in elliptic coordinates and using a method of Born. Before the advent of quantum mechanics all numerical solutions so far obtained mad ...
The Impact of Energy Band Diagram and Inhomogeneous
... calculations reveal the dense valence band spectrum with state separations of approximately 10 meV. Considering the first five hole states along with their degeneracies as given by parabolic potential for shallow dots, the state filling reduction for holes is approximately 0.09, 0.06, 0.04 for groun ...
... calculations reveal the dense valence band spectrum with state separations of approximately 10 meV. Considering the first five hole states along with their degeneracies as given by parabolic potential for shallow dots, the state filling reduction for holes is approximately 0.09, 0.06, 0.04 for groun ...
Floquet topological insulators Phys. Stat. Sol. Rap
... important issue both for transistor applications (realization of a non-conducting off-state, confinement of Dirac carriers into narrow channels etc.) and for fundamental physics (realization of Haldane phase). Unfortunately (or fortunately), the Dirac points are very robust since they are protected ...
... important issue both for transistor applications (realization of a non-conducting off-state, confinement of Dirac carriers into narrow channels etc.) and for fundamental physics (realization of Haldane phase). Unfortunately (or fortunately), the Dirac points are very robust since they are protected ...
Semi-classical formula beyond the Ehrenfest time in
... [16][4][36][9] describe the evolved quantum state ψ (t), in the linear dispersion regime, which means that non linear effects on the dispersion of the coherent state are supposed to be negligible with respect to the linear effects. Because the first non linear effects correspond to cubic terms in th ...
... [16][4][36][9] describe the evolved quantum state ψ (t), in the linear dispersion regime, which means that non linear effects on the dispersion of the coherent state are supposed to be negligible with respect to the linear effects. Because the first non linear effects correspond to cubic terms in th ...
Quantum Nonequilibrium Dynamics: Transport, Entanglement, and Thermalization
... quantum spin chains are widely-used model systems to study quantum dynamics. In spite of their simple real-space structure, their quantum dynamics can show complex behaviors. Although not as perfect as three-dimensional cold gases in continuum space, one-dimensional quantum spin chains are also real ...
... quantum spin chains are widely-used model systems to study quantum dynamics. In spite of their simple real-space structure, their quantum dynamics can show complex behaviors. Although not as perfect as three-dimensional cold gases in continuum space, one-dimensional quantum spin chains are also real ...
Verification of Concurrent Quantum Protocols by Equivalence
... protocols will become an integral part of our society’s infrastructure. On the theoretical side, quantum key distribution protocols such as BB84 have been proved to be unconditionally secure [20]. It is important to understand that this an information-theoretic proof, which does not necessarily guar ...
... protocols will become an integral part of our society’s infrastructure. On the theoretical side, quantum key distribution protocols such as BB84 have been proved to be unconditionally secure [20]. It is important to understand that this an information-theoretic proof, which does not necessarily guar ...
quantum computer graphics algorithms
... of quantum information processing called entanglement. These remarkable properties of quantum systems allowed the formulation of optimal algorithms for two fundamental problems: integer factorization (Shor's algorithm – (Shor, 1994)) and the search in an unstructured database (Grover's algorithm – ( ...
... of quantum information processing called entanglement. These remarkable properties of quantum systems allowed the formulation of optimal algorithms for two fundamental problems: integer factorization (Shor's algorithm – (Shor, 1994)) and the search in an unstructured database (Grover's algorithm – ( ...
Renormalization group
In theoretical physics, the renormalization group (RG) refers to a mathematical apparatus that allows systematic investigation of the changes of a physical system as viewed at different distance scales. In particle physics, it reflects the changes in the underlying force laws (codified in a quantum field theory) as the energy scale at which physical processes occur varies, energy/momentum and resolution distance scales being effectively conjugate under the uncertainty principle (cf. Compton wavelength).A change in scale is called a ""scale transformation"". The renormalization group is intimately related to ""scale invariance"" and ""conformal invariance"", symmetries in which a system appears the same at all scales (so-called self-similarity). (However, note that scale transformations are included in conformal transformations, in general: the latter including additional symmetry generators associated with special conformal transformations.)As the scale varies, it is as if one is changing the magnifying power of a notional microscope viewing the system. In so-called renormalizable theories, the system at one scale will generally be seen to consist of self-similar copies of itself when viewed at a smaller scale, with different parameters describing the components of the system. The components, or fundamental variables, may relate to atoms, elementary particles, atomic spins, etc. The parameters of the theory typically describe the interactions of the components. These may be variable ""couplings"" which measure the strength of various forces, or mass parameters themselves. The components themselves may appear to be composed of more of the self-same components as one goes to shorter distances.For example, in quantum electrodynamics (QED), an electron appears to be composed of electrons, positrons (anti-electrons) and photons, as one views it at higher resolution, at very short distances. The electron at such short distances has a slightly different electric charge than does the ""dressed electron"" seen at large distances, and this change, or ""running,"" in the value of the electric charge is determined by the renormalization group equation.