Take a Ride on a Time Machine* - Philsci
... the data on Σ so that something that can reasonably be called time machine goes into operation. And whatever the details, the time machine is supposed to be confined to a finite region of space and to operate for a finite amount of time. Putting together these desiderata, we are led to the requireme ...
... the data on Σ so that something that can reasonably be called time machine goes into operation. And whatever the details, the time machine is supposed to be confined to a finite region of space and to operate for a finite amount of time. Putting together these desiderata, we are led to the requireme ...
Review on Nucleon Spin Structure
... with Sea Quark Components • To understand the nucleon spin structure quantitatively within CQM and to clarify the quark spin confusion further we developed a CQM with sea quark components, ...
... with Sea Quark Components • To understand the nucleon spin structure quantitatively within CQM and to clarify the quark spin confusion further we developed a CQM with sea quark components, ...
bYTEBoss introduction
... ν + n p+ + e- not observed – ν≠ν , Lepton number must be conserved Niels Tuning (21) ...
... ν + n p+ + e- not observed – ν≠ν , Lepton number must be conserved Niels Tuning (21) ...
Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute atomic gases
... done at low densities. The Bose-Einstein condensate serves as an intense source of ultracold coherent atoms for experiments in atom optics, in precision studies or for explorations of basic aspects of quantum mechanics. The second area could be labeled as “BEC as a new quantum fluid” or “BEC as a man ...
... done at low densities. The Bose-Einstein condensate serves as an intense source of ultracold coherent atoms for experiments in atom optics, in precision studies or for explorations of basic aspects of quantum mechanics. The second area could be labeled as “BEC as a new quantum fluid” or “BEC as a man ...
Many-body levels of optically excited and multiply charged InAs nanocrystals... by semiempirical tight binding
... transport properties that are dramatically different from those of higher dimensional and bigger systems.3– 6 To utilize the unique properties, many applications such as low-threshold lasers, single-electron devices, memories, detectors, single photon emitters, and quantum information devices have b ...
... transport properties that are dramatically different from those of higher dimensional and bigger systems.3– 6 To utilize the unique properties, many applications such as low-threshold lasers, single-electron devices, memories, detectors, single photon emitters, and quantum information devices have b ...
EXAMPLE PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
... Rewriting the state and output equations in the standard vector-matrix form, we obtain ...
... Rewriting the state and output equations in the standard vector-matrix form, we obtain ...
majorization and quantum entanglement
... mechanical context, this question becomes: given two quantum states, what does it mean to say that one is more disordered than the other? Majorization gives a means for comparing two probability distributions or two density matrices in an elegant way. It arises surprisingly often in elds such as co ...
... mechanical context, this question becomes: given two quantum states, what does it mean to say that one is more disordered than the other? Majorization gives a means for comparing two probability distributions or two density matrices in an elegant way. It arises surprisingly often in elds such as co ...
part 2 (10.2, 10.3, and 10.4)
... with an arbitrary period. It, however, has no fundamental period, because its period can be an arbitrarily small real number. The Fourier series representation defined above is unique for each function with a fixed period T = 2L. However, since a periodic function has infinitely many (nonfundamental ...
... with an arbitrary period. It, however, has no fundamental period, because its period can be an arbitrarily small real number. The Fourier series representation defined above is unique for each function with a fixed period T = 2L. However, since a periodic function has infinitely many (nonfundamental ...
Frank Wilczek 1 Selected Publications of Frank Wilczek, with Brief Commentary
... Each of the first three papers in this cluster presents an idea that plays a continuing major part in assessing the possible role of supersymmetry in the description of Nature. In Item 56 we discussed how allowing for low-energy supersymmetry changes the analysis of coupling constant unification, ra ...
... Each of the first three papers in this cluster presents an idea that plays a continuing major part in assessing the possible role of supersymmetry in the description of Nature. In Item 56 we discussed how allowing for low-energy supersymmetry changes the analysis of coupling constant unification, ra ...
Statistical Mechanics to Disordered Quantum Optimization
... Thus, in Chapter 2, we review the classical complexity theory necessary to understand the important statement that P 6= NP and its more recent quantum generalization BQP 6= QMA. These complexity theoretic conjectures essentially assert that there exist natural classes of problems (called NP-complet ...
... Thus, in Chapter 2, we review the classical complexity theory necessary to understand the important statement that P 6= NP and its more recent quantum generalization BQP 6= QMA. These complexity theoretic conjectures essentially assert that there exist natural classes of problems (called NP-complet ...
Stability of Few-Charge Systems in Quantum Mechanics
... computers has opened up a whole new approach to the problem by making possible stepby-step numerical integration of the differential equations of motion from the initial time to any desired later time. The quantum three-body problem also has a rather well-known history, in particular for systems gove ...
... computers has opened up a whole new approach to the problem by making possible stepby-step numerical integration of the differential equations of motion from the initial time to any desired later time. The quantum three-body problem also has a rather well-known history, in particular for systems gove ...
Artificial Intelligence Experimental results on the crossover point in
... Further, many commercially important problems in scheduling, configuration, and planning also appear to be instances of NP-complete problems. The best-known algorithms for solving such problems are known to require exponential run time (in the size of the problem) in the worst case. However, a worst ...
... Further, many commercially important problems in scheduling, configuration, and planning also appear to be instances of NP-complete problems. The best-known algorithms for solving such problems are known to require exponential run time (in the size of the problem) in the worst case. However, a worst ...
Semiclassical approximations in wave mechanics
... result is independent of E and can never give the correct classical limit. The order in which K and L are set equal to zero is therefore important, which is not surprising since what is important is the ratio of the de Broglie wavelength to the size of the region of variation of the potential, and t ...
... result is independent of E and can never give the correct classical limit. The order in which K and L are set equal to zero is therefore important, which is not surprising since what is important is the ratio of the de Broglie wavelength to the size of the region of variation of the potential, and t ...
Quantum Computation with Molecular Nanomagnets
... Europhysics Prize awarded to Sessoli, Gatteschi, Wernsdorfer, Barbara, and Friedman for their discovery of Quantum Phenomena in molecular nanomagnets (2002). At that time quantum phenomena were primarily studied by magnetization measurements in different conditions. Pulsed ESR experiments at very lo ...
... Europhysics Prize awarded to Sessoli, Gatteschi, Wernsdorfer, Barbara, and Friedman for their discovery of Quantum Phenomena in molecular nanomagnets (2002). At that time quantum phenomena were primarily studied by magnetization measurements in different conditions. Pulsed ESR experiments at very lo ...
Document
... A quantum computer engineer needs to detect this entanglement as a way to benchmark or debug the processor. ...
... A quantum computer engineer needs to detect this entanglement as a way to benchmark or debug the processor. ...
Renormalization group
In theoretical physics, the renormalization group (RG) refers to a mathematical apparatus that allows systematic investigation of the changes of a physical system as viewed at different distance scales. In particle physics, it reflects the changes in the underlying force laws (codified in a quantum field theory) as the energy scale at which physical processes occur varies, energy/momentum and resolution distance scales being effectively conjugate under the uncertainty principle (cf. Compton wavelength).A change in scale is called a ""scale transformation"". The renormalization group is intimately related to ""scale invariance"" and ""conformal invariance"", symmetries in which a system appears the same at all scales (so-called self-similarity). (However, note that scale transformations are included in conformal transformations, in general: the latter including additional symmetry generators associated with special conformal transformations.)As the scale varies, it is as if one is changing the magnifying power of a notional microscope viewing the system. In so-called renormalizable theories, the system at one scale will generally be seen to consist of self-similar copies of itself when viewed at a smaller scale, with different parameters describing the components of the system. The components, or fundamental variables, may relate to atoms, elementary particles, atomic spins, etc. The parameters of the theory typically describe the interactions of the components. These may be variable ""couplings"" which measure the strength of various forces, or mass parameters themselves. The components themselves may appear to be composed of more of the self-same components as one goes to shorter distances.For example, in quantum electrodynamics (QED), an electron appears to be composed of electrons, positrons (anti-electrons) and photons, as one views it at higher resolution, at very short distances. The electron at such short distances has a slightly different electric charge than does the ""dressed electron"" seen at large distances, and this change, or ""running,"" in the value of the electric charge is determined by the renormalization group equation.