Quantum Computing
... special relativity by proposing the Dirac equation for the electron. The Dirac equation achieves the relativistic description of the wavefunction of an electron that Schrödinger failed to obtain. ...
... special relativity by proposing the Dirac equation for the electron. The Dirac equation achieves the relativistic description of the wavefunction of an electron that Schrödinger failed to obtain. ...
Tensor Product Methods and Entanglement
... a linear topology, quantum states may more generally be arranged as more complex topologies, leading to TNS.[37,98–100] For applications to smaller systems, prototypical tensornetwork state approaches to quantum chemistry have already been developed, including the so-called Complete Graph Tensor Net ...
... a linear topology, quantum states may more generally be arranged as more complex topologies, leading to TNS.[37,98–100] For applications to smaller systems, prototypical tensornetwork state approaches to quantum chemistry have already been developed, including the so-called Complete Graph Tensor Net ...
Quantum Gravity : Has Spacetime Quantum - Philsci
... So, fluctuations of the spacetime metric, to be expected within the naive approach to a description of quantum spacetime, are completely sufficient to make clear that one can not get over the mutual incompatibility of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics by simply applying the usual quantization ...
... So, fluctuations of the spacetime metric, to be expected within the naive approach to a description of quantum spacetime, are completely sufficient to make clear that one can not get over the mutual incompatibility of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics by simply applying the usual quantization ...
Physics - Courses A.Y. 2007/2008 FIS/05 n.d. 2 Code Credits Field
... mathematical approach t to the determination of all the aspects that concern a feed backed amplifier. The frequency domain analysis of the signals: the Fourier and Laplace Transform. The stability of a feed backed network and the compensation criteria. The noise in the electronic systems and the ana ...
... mathematical approach t to the determination of all the aspects that concern a feed backed amplifier. The frequency domain analysis of the signals: the Fourier and Laplace Transform. The stability of a feed backed network and the compensation criteria. The noise in the electronic systems and the ana ...
Quantum Proofs for Classical Theorems
... probability. Here is a simple example: suppose we want to prove that every undirected graph G = (V, E) with |E| = m edges has a cut (a partition V = V1 ∪V2 of its vertex set) with at least m/2 edges crossing the cut. Proof. Choose the cut at random, by including each vertex i in V1 with probability ...
... probability. Here is a simple example: suppose we want to prove that every undirected graph G = (V, E) with |E| = m edges has a cut (a partition V = V1 ∪V2 of its vertex set) with at least m/2 edges crossing the cut. Proof. Choose the cut at random, by including each vertex i in V1 with probability ...
Quantum Theory of Chiral Interactions in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals
... The effective chiral interaction between molecules arising from long-range quantum interactions between fluctuating charge moments is analyzed in terms of a simple model of chiral molecules. This model is based on the approximations that ~a! the dominant excited states of a molecule form a band whos ...
... The effective chiral interaction between molecules arising from long-range quantum interactions between fluctuating charge moments is analyzed in terms of a simple model of chiral molecules. This model is based on the approximations that ~a! the dominant excited states of a molecule form a band whos ...
Selection rules and transition moment integral
... wavefunction is totally symmetric with respect to all the vibrational quantum number v. If a normal mode is non-totally symmetric, the vibrational wavefunction alternates between symmetric and non-symmetric wavefunctions as v alternates between even and odd number. If a particular normal mode in bot ...
... wavefunction is totally symmetric with respect to all the vibrational quantum number v. If a normal mode is non-totally symmetric, the vibrational wavefunction alternates between symmetric and non-symmetric wavefunctions as v alternates between even and odd number. If a particular normal mode in bot ...
chapter 2
... length (mm, cm, m, km), weight (kg, g), time (s, m, h), temperature (oC). The measurement units themselves are quite useful in themselves, but when we start combining them with other units (e.g. km/h, m3/h, kg/m3) the options and usefulness expands even further. In many cases, new units based on a c ...
... length (mm, cm, m, km), weight (kg, g), time (s, m, h), temperature (oC). The measurement units themselves are quite useful in themselves, but when we start combining them with other units (e.g. km/h, m3/h, kg/m3) the options and usefulness expands even further. In many cases, new units based on a c ...
Post-quantum Security of the CBC, CFB, OFB, CTR
... 2 . Thus, all we need to show is that replacing one block of the challenge ciphertext by randomness leads to a negligible change in the advantage of the adversary. The situation is depicted in Figure 1 (b). – Say we want to show that c2 = H(m2 ⊕ c1 ) is indistinguishable from random (the situation i ...
... 2 . Thus, all we need to show is that replacing one block of the challenge ciphertext by randomness leads to a negligible change in the advantage of the adversary. The situation is depicted in Figure 1 (b). – Say we want to show that c2 = H(m2 ⊕ c1 ) is indistinguishable from random (the situation i ...
Ab initio embedded cluster study of optical second harmonic
... allow a proper calculation of optical spectra in the UV and the visible range. In our study, we do not only perform an ab initio calculation to estimate d–d transitions but we also assess the relative importance of the different electronic correlations. In order to do so, d–d excitation energies are ...
... allow a proper calculation of optical spectra in the UV and the visible range. In our study, we do not only perform an ab initio calculation to estimate d–d transitions but we also assess the relative importance of the different electronic correlations. In order to do so, d–d excitation energies are ...
Quantum-like Chaos in Prime Number Distribution and in
... areas of human interest. Non-linear dynamics and chaos soon (by 1980s) became a multidisciplinary field of intensive research (Gleick, 1987). Sensitive dependence on initial conditions implies long-range space-time correlations. The observed irregular fluctuations of real world dynamical systems als ...
... areas of human interest. Non-linear dynamics and chaos soon (by 1980s) became a multidisciplinary field of intensive research (Gleick, 1987). Sensitive dependence on initial conditions implies long-range space-time correlations. The observed irregular fluctuations of real world dynamical systems als ...
Teaching Theoretical Physics: the cases of Enrico Fermi and Ettore
... January 20, 1927 he gave his first lecture on Theoretical Physics in Rome1. Noticeably, his course was annotated by Carlo Dei and Leonardo Martinozzi and then published [3]; the record book reporting the content of Fermi’s lectures is available as well, kept at the Archives of the University of Rome ...
... January 20, 1927 he gave his first lecture on Theoretical Physics in Rome1. Noticeably, his course was annotated by Carlo Dei and Leonardo Martinozzi and then published [3]; the record book reporting the content of Fermi’s lectures is available as well, kept at the Archives of the University of Rome ...
BA ECONOMICS 271 VI SEMESTER CORE COURSE
... equations designed to describe the structure of the model. By relating a number of variables to one another in certain ways, these equations give mathematical form to the set of analytical assumptions adopted. Then, through application of the relevant mathematical operations to these equations, we m ...
... equations designed to describe the structure of the model. By relating a number of variables to one another in certain ways, these equations give mathematical form to the set of analytical assumptions adopted. Then, through application of the relevant mathematical operations to these equations, we m ...
Study of Excitations in a Bose-Einstein Condensate
... In this work we study a Bose–Einstein condensate of 87 Rb under the effects of an oscillatory excitation. The condensate is produced through forced evaporative cooling by radio–frequency in a harmonic magnetic trap. The excitation is generated by an oscillatory quadrupole field superimposed on the t ...
... In this work we study a Bose–Einstein condensate of 87 Rb under the effects of an oscillatory excitation. The condensate is produced through forced evaporative cooling by radio–frequency in a harmonic magnetic trap. The excitation is generated by an oscillatory quadrupole field superimposed on the t ...
Implementing Qubits with Superconducting Integrated Circuits Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis
... and frequency (typically 20 mK and 20 GHz) associated with qubit dynamics can be safely neglected. However, we must warn the reader that the intrisinsic losses in the superconducting material do not exhaust, by far, sources of dissipation, even if very high quality factors have been demonstrated in ...
... and frequency (typically 20 mK and 20 GHz) associated with qubit dynamics can be safely neglected. However, we must warn the reader that the intrisinsic losses in the superconducting material do not exhaust, by far, sources of dissipation, even if very high quality factors have been demonstrated in ...
Extracting resonance parameters from experimental data on scattering of charged particles. Paul Vaandrager
... experiment”, according to Taylor [2]. This sentiment can be readily understood, if we consider that most experimental justification for quantum mechanics is obtained from scattering experiments: Rutherford’s discovery of the nucleus from the backscattering of alpha particles off gold foil, for examp ...
... experiment”, according to Taylor [2]. This sentiment can be readily understood, if we consider that most experimental justification for quantum mechanics is obtained from scattering experiments: Rutherford’s discovery of the nucleus from the backscattering of alpha particles off gold foil, for examp ...
Renormalization group
In theoretical physics, the renormalization group (RG) refers to a mathematical apparatus that allows systematic investigation of the changes of a physical system as viewed at different distance scales. In particle physics, it reflects the changes in the underlying force laws (codified in a quantum field theory) as the energy scale at which physical processes occur varies, energy/momentum and resolution distance scales being effectively conjugate under the uncertainty principle (cf. Compton wavelength).A change in scale is called a ""scale transformation"". The renormalization group is intimately related to ""scale invariance"" and ""conformal invariance"", symmetries in which a system appears the same at all scales (so-called self-similarity). (However, note that scale transformations are included in conformal transformations, in general: the latter including additional symmetry generators associated with special conformal transformations.)As the scale varies, it is as if one is changing the magnifying power of a notional microscope viewing the system. In so-called renormalizable theories, the system at one scale will generally be seen to consist of self-similar copies of itself when viewed at a smaller scale, with different parameters describing the components of the system. The components, or fundamental variables, may relate to atoms, elementary particles, atomic spins, etc. The parameters of the theory typically describe the interactions of the components. These may be variable ""couplings"" which measure the strength of various forces, or mass parameters themselves. The components themselves may appear to be composed of more of the self-same components as one goes to shorter distances.For example, in quantum electrodynamics (QED), an electron appears to be composed of electrons, positrons (anti-electrons) and photons, as one views it at higher resolution, at very short distances. The electron at such short distances has a slightly different electric charge than does the ""dressed electron"" seen at large distances, and this change, or ""running,"" in the value of the electric charge is determined by the renormalization group equation.