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... backcrossing. The presence and segregation of the genes can be determined from infection types in F2 or BCF 2 populations (Kolmer, 1996). Determining the presence of genes in lines where more than one gene is present is, however, not always possible. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is the indirect s ...
Quantitative Genetics
Quantitative Genetics

... and by gastrointestinal and neurological disturbances--the so-called classical three Ds of pellagra: dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. Pellagra Commission (1910s): simple Mendelian inheritance of pellagra in the US South. “Controversy over the origins of pellagra continued until the mid-1930's…” P ...
Sager JJ, Bai Q, Burton EA
Sager JJ, Bai Q, Burton EA

... development. Because developmental brain abnormalities are recognized as an important feature of childhood neurological disorders such as epilepsy and autism, we determined whether zebrafish mutants with grossly abnormal brain structure exhibit spontaneous electrical activity that resembles the long ...
AP Biology Chapter 15 Worksheet
AP Biology Chapter 15 Worksheet

... 1. Explain what is meant by nondisjunction and how it occurs. 2. What may be the result of this situation. 3. Explain what is meant by aneuploidy and how it occurs. 4. Explain what monosomic and trisomic cells are. 5. Explain what is meant by polyploidy and how it occurs. 6. Explain what a tetraploi ...
Bacteroides mobilizable and conjugative genetic elements
Bacteroides mobilizable and conjugative genetic elements

... TetQ was not required for tetracycline stimulation, but its presence did have an effect. Moreover, increased levels of TetQ due increased levels copy numbers of tetQ caused a greater decrease in protein production. TetQ is a ribosome protection type of tetracycline resistance protein, which is most ...
Dynamic changes of yak (Bos grunniens) gut microbiota during
Dynamic changes of yak (Bos grunniens) gut microbiota during

The Serratia gene cluster encoding biosynthesis of the red antibiotic
The Serratia gene cluster encoding biosynthesis of the red antibiotic

Glutathione S-transferase copy number variation alters lung gene expression M.W. Butler*
Glutathione S-transferase copy number variation alters lung gene expression M.W. Butler*

... Labeling Kit, followed by additional clean-up and quantification of the biotin-labelled copy (c)RNA yield using a spectrophotometer (all reagents from Affymetrix). In accordance with Affymetrix protocols, the test microarrays were first hybridised and, if quality control was acceptable, hybridisatio ...
Induction of XIST expression from the human active
Induction of XIST expression from the human active

10.1 - My Haiku
10.1 - My Haiku

... during gamete production, we can now attribute this to random orientation of chromosomes during metaphase I. Mendel made this deduction when working with pea plants. He investigated two separate traits (colour and shape) and performed many test crosses, recording the ratios of phenotypes produced in ...
A, B, a
A, B, a

... combinations of parental alleles are generated by: – independent assortment (segregation) of alleles on nonhomologous chromosomes. – crossing-over in premeiotic S between nonsister homologs. ...
The Wnt code: cnidarians signal the way
The Wnt code: cnidarians signal the way

... cnidarians are diploblastic organism lacking a mesoderm. (iii) The complexity of genes in the anthozoan and hydrozoan gene set encoding developmentally regulated signalling pathways do not differ substantially from those of vertebrates. This is noteworthy, since several gene families are completely ...
Regulation of 6sg expression site transcription and switching in
Regulation of 6sg expression site transcription and switching in

... DNA rearrangements. As new tools yield better insights into the complexity of nuclear organization in other systems, the long-standing idea that there is a single nuclear transcription site or other physical site-specific effect, at which only one ES transcription complex can be assembled or stabili ...
iron-regulatory protein 1
iron-regulatory protein 1

... been previously described by Moeder et al. [20] and was named KO-661 [20]. Lines homozygous for the disruption were isolated, and used for further studies. When the mutants were grown in a greenhouse, or in hydroponic cultures under controlled conditions, they displayed no macroscopic phenotype. Fur ...
The Organellar Genome and Metabolic Potential
The Organellar Genome and Metabolic Potential

... In the evolution of mitochondria, hydrogenosomes and mitosomes from an a-proteobacterium, a large number of genes and proteins have been lost, gained from various sources, or retargeted to other organelles, thus shaping the huge diversity of current mitochondria and their homologs in various species ...
Leukaemia Section t(3;12)(q26;p13) ETV6/MECOM / t(3;12)(q26;p13) ETV6/EVI1 Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
Leukaemia Section t(3;12)(q26;p13) ETV6/MECOM / t(3;12)(q26;p13) ETV6/EVI1 Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

... at band 12p13.1 and consists of 8 exons. There are two start codons, one (exon 1a starting at codon 1) located at the beginning of the gene and another alternative (exon 1b starting at codon 43) upstream of exon 3. Protein The ETV6 protein (452 amino acids) contains two major domains, the HLH (helix ...
Nomenclature for factors of the Dog Major
Nomenclature for factors of the Dog Major

... done for the dog MHC at the current time. We have considered the use of dendograms to aid such a naming system for major types, but found that this tended to base the assignment of major types on the first HVR only. Since we wanted a system based on all three HVR, this was not acceptable to the comm ...
PDF
PDF

... and is anti-correlated with transcriptional activity. We show that H3K27me3 distribution over its targets is not uniform, but can be grouped into several different clusters that correlate with different levels of repression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that H3K27me3 has a preferential chromosomal lo ...
Ancestry of neuronal monoamine transporters in the Metazoa
Ancestry of neuronal monoamine transporters in the Metazoa

... Bouchard et al., 2003; Raible and Arendt, 2004). In turn, all Bilateria are thought to share a common ancestor named Urbilateria (De Robertis and Sasai, 1996; Raible and Arendt, 2004). Modern bilaterian animals fall into either the Protostomia (major phyla Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Nematoda an ...
Expression of p53 Target Genes in the Early Phase of Long
Expression of p53 Target Genes in the Early Phase of Long

M2 RNA Pol Ⅰ genes
M2 RNA Pol Ⅰ genes

... 1. Which one of the following statements about eukaryotic RNA polymerases I, II and III is false? A RNA Pol II is very sensitive toα-amanitin. B RNA Pol II is located in th~ nucleoplasm. C RNA Pol III transcribes th~ genes for tRNA. D eukaryotic cells contain other RNA polymerases in addition to RNA ...
Boundary elements and nuclear organization
Boundary elements and nuclear organization

... blocking the spread of heterochromatin has been described for a variety of identified insulator elements (for a list of such elements, see West et al., 2002), suggestive of their role in preserving the separation between heterochromatin and euchromatin. Recently, the heterochromatic repressive chrom ...
THE EFFECT OF INBREEDING ON THE VARIATION DUE TO
THE EFFECT OF INBREEDING ON THE VARIATION DUE TO

Pan-cancer analysis of the metabolic reaction network
Pan-cancer analysis of the metabolic reaction network

... on the presence of mutations in key cancer genes. We observed that in all cases the expression of ...
Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) Analysis
Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) Analysis

... (RFLPs), and transposable element positions (Casa et al., 2000; Vignal et al., 2002; Gupta & Rustgi, 2004; Henry, 2006). Then, to carry out the QTL analysis, the parental strains are crossed, resulting in heterozygous (F1) individuals, and these individuals are then crossed using one of a number of ...
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Ridge (biology)

Ridges (regions of increased gene expression) are domains of the genome with a high gene expression; the opposite of ridges are antiridges. The term was first used by Caron et al. in 2001. Characteristics of ridges are:Gene denseContain many C and G nucleobasesGenes have short intronshigh SINE repeat densitylow LINE repeat density↑ 1.0 1.1
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