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Benjamin Schlegel
Benjamin Schlegel

... later with abomasal necrosis and bloat (4). To describe this disease the term bovine clostridial abomasitis (BCA) will be used. Bovine clostridial abomasitis has been reproduced by experimental infection with a C. perfringens BCA isolate in calves (5). This disease of calves can be persistent in a h ...
Genetic Basis of Polymurphism in the Color Vision of
Genetic Basis of Polymurphism in the Color Vision of

... model. Because the presence of a single X-chromosome pigment locus in platyrrhines like the squirrel monkey may well have significant implications for understanding how color vision evolved among the primates (Mollon, 1989; Jacobs, 1991) we have been motivated to examine this issue further by compil ...
ABC / abc x abc / abc ABC abc abc ABc abC AbC aBc aBC Abc
ABC / abc x abc / abc ABC abc abc ABc abC AbC aBc aBC Abc

... Now look at WHICH TRAIT was SWAPPED OUT in these DOUBLE-CROSSOVER babies. Yep, it was the C! Since only alleles in the middle can experience a double crossover, C must sit in the middle. The gene order is A - C – B (or B – C – A, same difference!) While you’re at it, ASSIGN the in-between classes th ...
Positional dependence of transcriptional inhibition by DNA torsional
Positional dependence of transcriptional inhibition by DNA torsional

... and replication) (Liu and Wang, 1987; Brill and Sternglanz, 1988; Giaever and Wang, 1988) and the activity of different topoisomerases (Salceda et al, 2006) are the main factors known to be involved in the generation and relaxation of DNA helical tension in eukaryotic cells. DNA transcription enforc ...
11q deletion disorder Jacobsen syndromeFTNW
11q deletion disorder Jacobsen syndromeFTNW

... information.They are numbered in size order from largest to smallest, from number 1 to number 22. We have two of each Long (q) of these chromosomes, one inherited from our father and arm one from our mother, in addition to the sex chromosomes X and Y. Each chromosome has a short (p) and a long (q) a ...
Complex Inheritance of the 5-Lipoxygenase Locus
Complex Inheritance of the 5-Lipoxygenase Locus

... the effect of chromosome 6 locus on lesion size and refine this genetic region, we created a panel of overlapping and reciprocal subcongenic lines. Overall, a total of 16 lines were constructed (Figure 1A). This was achieved by intercrossing (B6.Ldlr/ 3 CON6 Ldlr/) F1 mice and genotyping the F2 ...
PDF - Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and
PDF - Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and

... enzymatic polymorphism, has a value H = 0.067. We can take it that there are 30000 structural genes, and in consequence 2010 genes in the heterozygotic state in the human genome (30000 x 0.067 = 2010). If an individual results from an uncle-niece cross: this individual will be more "homogenous" than ...
Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian Genetics

... hybrid vigor in maize Figure 10.16 ...
Highly Variable Mutation Rates in Commensal and Pathogenic
Highly Variable Mutation Rates in Commensal and Pathogenic

... mutators (for example, those carrying defects in MMR, as Matic et al. have confirmed), and we lessened interference by sub-populations of preexisting, antibiotic resistant cells found in cultures of natural isolates—at the full range of frequencies seen in figure 1 of the comment by Matic et al. Its ...
Genetics, genomics, and fertility
Genetics, genomics, and fertility

... dates for current cows and from calving interval for historical cows, which are subsequently transformed into a pregnancy rate. Bulls generally range between +3.0 and -3.0 in DPR. An increase of 1% in DPR corresponds to a decrease of 4 DO (VanRaden et al., 2004); therefore, daughters of the highest ...
FEBS Letters
FEBS Letters

... from hoxU by some 160 bp, part of an O R F is located on the opposite strand, possibly encoding a NifS-like protein. In the case of A. variabilis, two open reading frames are located within the gene cluster (ORF3 between h o x Y and hoxH and O R F 8 between hoxU and hoxY," see Fig. 1 and [7]). O R F ...
genetics of susceptibility to infectious diseases: tuberculosis and
genetics of susceptibility to infectious diseases: tuberculosis and

... the phenotype and the factors (environmental and genetic), which have an effect on phenotype expression. For example, such a model can be provided by complex segregation analysis. Genetic linkage analysis tests whether the marker segregates with the disease in pedigrees with multiple affected accord ...
Th17/Treg ratio derived using DNA methylation asthmatic response
Th17/Treg ratio derived using DNA methylation asthmatic response

... TpG-variants (if DNA is unmethylated) was performed. Each qPCR assay is specific for either the demethylated FOXP3 TSDR (for Tregs) or the demethylated CD3D/G (for T cells) or the demethylated IL17A (for Th17 cells) or the B cell specific demethylated gene region (for B cells) templates, since the d ...
Chapter 12 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
Chapter 12 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

... (d) The haplo-diploid system ...
Editorial Personal reflections on the Sticky Platelet
Editorial Personal reflections on the Sticky Platelet

... to explain the platelet hyperaggregability has been found. This being the reason why only few research groups have accepted this entity as a true thrombophilic condition. Our research had focused on GPIIIa, Gas6, and GPVI proteins. These glycoproteins were interesting because certain mutations in th ...
Selfish Genetics within Selfless Honey Bees
Selfish Genetics within Selfless Honey Bees

... creatures that exist today. Even though all organisms have diverged from one another, each having their unique set of characteristics, one thing still remains the same for all life-genes. An organism’s genes are the instructions that direct the structure, processes, and behaviors they exhibit. The g ...
Stop-Gain Mutations in PKP2 Are Associated with a Later
Stop-Gain Mutations in PKP2 Are Associated with a Later

... death. Pathogenic mutations in several genes encoding mainly desmosomal proteins have been reported. Our aim is to perform genotype-phenotype correlations to establish the diagnostic value of genetics and to assess the role of mutation type in age-related penetrance in ARVC. Methods and Results: Thi ...
Identification and quantification of mycotoxigenic fungi
Identification and quantification of mycotoxigenic fungi

... energy to be produced. Production is restricted to certain taxa or strains within taxa. They often exert their effects external to the organism, but not exclusively. On the other hand, primary metabolites are the well-known and almost-universal compounds involved in life such as (a) DNA, (b) protein ...
Pedigrees Objectives: to determine the genotypes of individuals in a
Pedigrees Objectives: to determine the genotypes of individuals in a

... number of women not colorblind number of marriages number of men with genotype XRY number of women with genotype XrXr number of single women number of people that never married number of women with genotype XRX? number of couples with only one child ...
Word - The Open University
Word - The Open University

... that information and under what circumstances, what they do with it, and who decides what to do with it, are all important issues. Even finding out what people would like to know is not necessarily straightforward. (Is telling someone they can have a test for Huntington's disease, say, the same as t ...
Genetic Control of Meat Quality Traits
Genetic Control of Meat Quality Traits

... selected for. In a commercial context, only simple measurements and recording procedures are possible, without interfering with the management practices and hence adding significantly to the costs of production. Hence the traits routinely recorded are easily and quickly measured. At slaughter, basic ...
(a) (b)
(a) (b)

... Red = maternal; blue = paternal. D Each chromosome has hundreds or thousands of genes. Four (A, B, C, F) are shown on this one. ...
LAB 9 – Principles of Genetic Inheritance
LAB 9 – Principles of Genetic Inheritance

... We all know that when living organisms reproduce, their offspring are much like their parents. Chickens don’t give birth to lizards and apple trees don’t give rise to pine trees. So what is the biological basis for this obvious reality? You probably already know this has to do with genes, genes one ...
Estimating complexity and adaptation in the embryo: a
Estimating complexity and adaptation in the embryo: a

... First of all, I want to thank my supervisor Isaac Salazar-Ciudad for guiding me in this scientic initiation journey. I especially appreciate all the discussions on evodevo papers (that made me more critical) and for encouraging me to search for my own solutions. I am grateful to the members of my t ...
Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes
Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes

... In contrast, another pedigree following colorblindness and the slightly different B form of hemophilia, which also arises from a mutation on the X chromosome, revealed a different inheritance pattern. A grandfather with hemophilia B and colorblindness had four grandsons, but only one of them exhibit ...
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Biology and consumer behaviour

Consumer behaviour is the study of the motivations surrounding a purchase of a product or service. It has been linked to the field of psychology, sociology and economics in attempts to analyse when, why, where and how people purchase in the way that they do. However, little literature has considered the link between our consumption behaviour and the basics of our being, our biology. Segmentation by biological driven demographics such as sex and age are already popular and pervasive in marketing. As more knowledge and research is known, targeting based on a consumers biology is of growing interest and use to marketers.As human machines being made up of cells controlled by our brain to influence aspects of our behaviour, there must be some influence of biology on our consumer behaviour and how we purchase as well. The nature versus nurture debate is at the core of how much biology influences these buying decisions, because it argues the extent to which biological factors influence what we do, and how much is reflected through environmental factors. Neuromarketing is of interest to marketers in measuring the reaction of stimulus to marketing. Even though we know there is a reaction, the question of why we consume the way we do still lingers, but it is a step in the right direction. Biology helps to understand consumer behaviour as it influences consumption and aids in the measurement of it.Lawson and Wooliscroft (2004) drew the link between human nature and the marketing concept, not explicitly biology, where they considered the contrasting views of Hobbes and Rousseau on mankind. Hobbes believed man had a self-serving nature whereas Rousseau was more forgiving towards the nature of man, suggesting them to be noble and dignified. Hobbes saw the need for a governing intermediary to control this selfish nature which provided a basis for the exchange theory, and also links to Mcgregor’s Theory of X and Y, relevant to management literature. He also considered cooperation and competition, relevant to game theory as an explanation of man’s motives and can be used for understanding the exercising of power in marketing channels. Pinker outlines why the nature debate has been suppressed by the nurture debate in his book The Blank Slate.
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