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YEAST GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
YEAST GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

... In nature, yeast cells always grow as diploids, probably because this increases their chance to survive mutation of an essential gene (because there is another copy) Under nitrogen starvation, diploid cells sporulate and then haploid spores germinate, provided that they have received functional copi ...
manuscript pdf
manuscript pdf

... Biology Department, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N OW9, Canada ...
Genes in conflict: the biology of selfish genetic elements
Genes in conflict: the biology of selfish genetic elements

... et al. 2004) and the mutations impose a large cost on the organism. Nevertheless, such observations raise the question of what determines the evolutionarily stable number of ori sequences in normal mitochondrial genomes. In S. cerevisiae, there are 7 or 8 such sequences, all similar in organization ...
Genes, disease and genetic disease
Genes, disease and genetic disease

... Appropriate choice of therapeutics Gene therapy Understanding of disease ...
Gene Expression Programming: A New Adaptive
Gene Expression Programming: A New Adaptive

... In his book, River Out of Eden [3], R. Dawkins gives a list of thresholds of any life explosion. The first is the replicator threshold which consists of a self-copying system in which there is hereditary variation. Also important is that replicators survive by virtue of their own properties. The sec ...
Accelerated Evolution of Sex Chromosomes in
Accelerated Evolution of Sex Chromosomes in

... Sex chromosomes play a role in many important biological processes, including sex determination, genomic conflicts, imprinting, and speciation. In particular, they exhibit several unusual properties such as inheritance pattern, hemizygosity, and reduced recombination, which influence their response ...
Correlation of length of VNTR alleles at the X
Correlation of length of VNTR alleles at the X

... repeat.48 The Z-DNA conformation opens the DNA helix and exposes the individual bases, making it uniquely capable of interacting with nuclear proteins.49 For these and other reasons Z-DNA has been implicated in gene regulation.50,51 We anticipated that if the mini- and microsatellite polymorphisms d ...
TEV_v7_BY
TEV_v7_BY

... (Figure 3b). Assuming that TEVs inserted in the antisense orientation are not under selection, then approximately 50% of all ERV insertions in the sense orientation into the introns of protein coding genes are deleterious, as are about one-third of LINE or SINE sense insertions. The large set of TEV ...
Gene Codon Composition Determines Differentiation
Gene Codon Composition Determines Differentiation

... microscopy. Fixed skin section samples were similarly stained for PV L1 protein. Isolation of differentiated and undifferentiated KCs from mouse and cow skin. Differentiated and undifferentiated KCs were isolated from mouse and cow skin as previously described (48). Preparation of aa-tRNAs. Total tR ...
Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridisation (array CGH)
Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridisation (array CGH)

... It is also important to note that genetic conditions are caused not only by chromosome imbalances, but may also be caused by point (single base pair) changes in the DNA. Array CGH cannot detect these tiny changes. The other disadvantage of array CGH is that it may identify chromosome changes, known ...
Sample
Sample

... Rationale: DNA is a highly complex macromolecule: It is made up of many smaller molecules that are arranged in the shape of a twisted ladder called a double helix. 2.7. Which of the following statements about DNA is true? a. The DNA molecule is circular, with the nucleotide bases located in the cent ...
Course Objectives
Course Objectives

... one unexcused absence. Students who miss more than fifteen (15) minutes of a class will be marked absent. A student who leaves the classroom without the instructor’s permission will be marked absent. HCC recognizes two types of excused absences: those for personal emergencies, and those for officia ...
Gene Duplication - Semantic Scholar
Gene Duplication - Semantic Scholar

... Introduction Gene  duplication  refers  to  the  duplication  of  a  segment  of  DNA  that  contains  one  or  more  genes.  Gene duplication  is  the  primary  source  of  new  genes  in  evolution,  and  duplicate  genes  form  gene  families  that  are  abundantly  found  in almost  all  genomes ...
S2 File.
S2 File.

... were harvested after 1 day of incubation, while wells with NaCl addition were harvested after 2 days, to ensure that cells in both conditions would be in their exponential growth phase. The pictures underneath the data bars show the corresponding stained biofilms, before extraction with methanol. Re ...
Jelena – proposal 27
Jelena – proposal 27

... not only the expression of the transgenes itself but also the metabolism of the stacked LMO (e.g.as a consequence of the heterosis effect). 3. Assessment of additive, cumulative, synergistic or antagonistic adverse effects of stacked transgenic traits on the conservation and sustainable use of biolo ...
The ara Operon - University of Pennsylvania
The ara Operon - University of Pennsylvania

... This model assumes that two molecules of AraC are always joined together as a dimer. Further, this dimer can exist in two different states: active (P1) and inactive (P2). When arabinose is absent, AraC dimer is in the P1 state but when arabinose is present, it can react with AraC and change its conf ...
Molecular regulators of phosphate homeostasis in plants
Molecular regulators of phosphate homeostasis in plants

... An appropriate cellular phosphate (Pi) concentration is indispensable for essential physiological and biochemical processes. To maintain cellular Pi homeostasis, plants have developed a series of adaptive responses to facilitate external Pi acquisition and to limit Pi consumption and to adjust Pi re ...
Splice Site Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks
Splice Site Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks

... The count of each comparison outcome are used to compute standard measurement indicators to benchmark the performance of the predictor. The sensitivity, specificity and correlation coefficient has been the de facto standard way of measuring the performance of prediction tools. These prediction measurem ...
The Three Neurogenetic Phases of Human Consciousness
The Three Neurogenetic Phases of Human Consciousness

... the top. It is recognition of how everything in the universe possesses a degree of consciousness. Now that we have a general understanding of the interaction-based model of consciousness and the ICC allow me to discuss another illustration. I have made a demonstration involving quarks, subatomic par ...
Application No. DIR 108 SUMMARY INFORMATION
Application No. DIR 108 SUMMARY INFORMATION

... finalised, taking into account matters raised relating to risks to human health and safety and the environment, and form the basis of his decision whether or not to issue a licence. At this stage, the consultation RARMP is expected to be released for comment in August 2011. The public will be invite ...
The Genetics of Beta-galactosidase
The Genetics of Beta-galactosidase

... wishes to test if the expression of a certain gene is controlled by environmental factors, a gene fusion with a promoter-less β-galactosidase can be used. This is especially useful if the gene product is uncharacterized or is not easily assayed. Along the same lines, the rate of gene expression can ...
Genetics
Genetics

... Some alleles are strong, or dominant. Some are weak, or recessive. If a strong allele is part of the pair, the strong allele’s trait will show up. So if the pair is two strong alleles, that trait will show up. Sometimes the pair has one strong and one weak allele. Then the strong allele’s trait will ...
Ensembl Introduction
Ensembl Introduction

... • Joint project between EBI and Sanger • Funded primarily by the Wellcome Trust, additional funding by EMBL, NIH-NIAID, EU, BBSRC and MRC • Team of ca. 40 people, led by Ewan Birney (EBI) and Tim Hubbard (Sanger) ...
Genetic and biochemical approaches towards unravelling the
Genetic and biochemical approaches towards unravelling the

... strains). A genome search revealed that the four strains possessed both tannase genes, TanASg (GALLO_0933, SGGB_0917, SGGBAA2069_c09070/80, and HMPREF9352_1611) or TanBSg (GALLO_1609, SGGB_1624, SGGBAA2069_c16370, and HMPREF9352_0937) in UCN34, ATCC 43143, ATCC BAA-2069, and TX2005 strains, respecti ...
An RNA-Sequencing Transcriptome and Splicing Database of Glia
An RNA-Sequencing Transcriptome and Splicing Database of Glia

... endothelial cells (10 min each), followed by a 30 min incubation on a plate coated with mouse IgM anti-O4 hybridoma (Bansal et al., 1989; 4 ml of hybridoma supernatant diluted with 8 ml of DPBS/0.2% BSA) to deplete oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), and then incubated for 20 min on a plate coat ...
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Biology and consumer behaviour

Consumer behaviour is the study of the motivations surrounding a purchase of a product or service. It has been linked to the field of psychology, sociology and economics in attempts to analyse when, why, where and how people purchase in the way that they do. However, little literature has considered the link between our consumption behaviour and the basics of our being, our biology. Segmentation by biological driven demographics such as sex and age are already popular and pervasive in marketing. As more knowledge and research is known, targeting based on a consumers biology is of growing interest and use to marketers.As human machines being made up of cells controlled by our brain to influence aspects of our behaviour, there must be some influence of biology on our consumer behaviour and how we purchase as well. The nature versus nurture debate is at the core of how much biology influences these buying decisions, because it argues the extent to which biological factors influence what we do, and how much is reflected through environmental factors. Neuromarketing is of interest to marketers in measuring the reaction of stimulus to marketing. Even though we know there is a reaction, the question of why we consume the way we do still lingers, but it is a step in the right direction. Biology helps to understand consumer behaviour as it influences consumption and aids in the measurement of it.Lawson and Wooliscroft (2004) drew the link between human nature and the marketing concept, not explicitly biology, where they considered the contrasting views of Hobbes and Rousseau on mankind. Hobbes believed man had a self-serving nature whereas Rousseau was more forgiving towards the nature of man, suggesting them to be noble and dignified. Hobbes saw the need for a governing intermediary to control this selfish nature which provided a basis for the exchange theory, and also links to Mcgregor’s Theory of X and Y, relevant to management literature. He also considered cooperation and competition, relevant to game theory as an explanation of man’s motives and can be used for understanding the exercising of power in marketing channels. Pinker outlines why the nature debate has been suppressed by the nurture debate in his book The Blank Slate.
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