study on factors affecting the efficiency of marker
... population simultaneously: foreground selection is making indirect selection of target gene by its closely linked two flanking markers, four selection methods including random selection, genomic similarity selection, index selection and MBLUP selection are used in background selection, and the MBLUP ...
... population simultaneously: foreground selection is making indirect selection of target gene by its closely linked two flanking markers, four selection methods including random selection, genomic similarity selection, index selection and MBLUP selection are used in background selection, and the MBLUP ...
—1— User Guide © Copyright 2009 Robert C. Edgar, all rights
... (inter) once for the entire genome, then the intra-chromosome simulator (intra) once for each chromosome. This process is called a cycle. The output from one cycle can be used as input to another cycle. It is generally better to run many short cycles rather than one or a few long cycles as longer cy ...
... (inter) once for the entire genome, then the intra-chromosome simulator (intra) once for each chromosome. This process is called a cycle. The output from one cycle can be used as input to another cycle. It is generally better to run many short cycles rather than one or a few long cycles as longer cy ...
SEARCH_16S: A new algorithm for identifying 16S
... peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ...
... peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ...
Genetic aspects of chronic pancreatitis
... The absence of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies in CP reflects the lack of understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms. It is unknown whether common factors exist in different types of CP [9]. One difficulty is the lack of animal models which mimic the human form of the disease. Nume ...
... The absence of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies in CP reflects the lack of understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms. It is unknown whether common factors exist in different types of CP [9]. One difficulty is the lack of animal models which mimic the human form of the disease. Nume ...
AP Biology Chapter 15 Worksheet
... 1. Explain what is meant by nondisjunction and how it occurs. 2. What may be the result of this situation. 3. Explain what is meant by aneuploidy and how it occurs. 4. Explain what monosomic and trisomic cells are. 5. Explain what is meant by polyploidy and how it occurs. 6. Explain what a tetraploi ...
... 1. Explain what is meant by nondisjunction and how it occurs. 2. What may be the result of this situation. 3. Explain what is meant by aneuploidy and how it occurs. 4. Explain what monosomic and trisomic cells are. 5. Explain what is meant by polyploidy and how it occurs. 6. Explain what a tetraploi ...
Means (*) and standard deviation (s) of quantitative
... If there is a causal link, the twin who has smoked regularly should also be more likely to have a history of alcohol dependence (But there may be non-causal ...
... If there is a causal link, the twin who has smoked regularly should also be more likely to have a history of alcohol dependence (But there may be non-causal ...
Syllabus / Pacing Guide page 2
... Observe mitosis as it has taken place in onion root tip cells. Have students observe video of mitosis actually taking place. Use “Pop Beads” to have students mimic the phases of cell division and meiosis. The Cell Cycle and Mitosis (SLP) Meiosis (SLP) ...
... Observe mitosis as it has taken place in onion root tip cells. Have students observe video of mitosis actually taking place. Use “Pop Beads” to have students mimic the phases of cell division and meiosis. The Cell Cycle and Mitosis (SLP) Meiosis (SLP) ...
Sequenced Mitochondrial Genomes of Bryophytes
... comparison to sequenced chloroplast genomes of land plants very few mitochondrial genomes of plants have been sequenced (NCBI Organelle Genome Resources). However at present the number of sequenced mitochondrial genomes of bryophytes outnumber the sequenced chloroplast genomes of bryophytes (Shanker ...
... comparison to sequenced chloroplast genomes of land plants very few mitochondrial genomes of plants have been sequenced (NCBI Organelle Genome Resources). However at present the number of sequenced mitochondrial genomes of bryophytes outnumber the sequenced chloroplast genomes of bryophytes (Shanker ...
Lecture Script for “Teaching Genetic Linkage and
... Slide 9-10, is drought tolerance heritable and caused by one gene? “Before we start the mapping protocol (slide 11), we first want to answer the following questions: 1) Is the drought-tolerant phenotype due to a stable, heritable genetic change (i.e. mutation); and 2) Is the phenotype is due to a m ...
... Slide 9-10, is drought tolerance heritable and caused by one gene? “Before we start the mapping protocol (slide 11), we first want to answer the following questions: 1) Is the drought-tolerant phenotype due to a stable, heritable genetic change (i.e. mutation); and 2) Is the phenotype is due to a m ...
Whole Exome Re-Sequencing Implicates CCDC38 and
... Copyright: ß 2014 Wain et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: The whole exome re-sequen ...
... Copyright: ß 2014 Wain et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: The whole exome re-sequen ...
Different strategies of osmoadaptation in the closely
... 1985) and later on in many bacterial species (Severin et al., 1992; Roberts, 2005). The derivative hydroxyectoine was first discovered in Streptomyces parvalus (Inbar & Lapidot, 1988), before its presence was proven in a wide range of bacteria, and recently also in Archaea (Widderich et al., 2015). ...
... 1985) and later on in many bacterial species (Severin et al., 1992; Roberts, 2005). The derivative hydroxyectoine was first discovered in Streptomyces parvalus (Inbar & Lapidot, 1988), before its presence was proven in a wide range of bacteria, and recently also in Archaea (Widderich et al., 2015). ...
KNOX1 genes regulate lignin deposition and composition
... Rodriguez et al., 2010; Spinelli et al., 2011) and monocot (Palatnik et al., 2007; Mateos et al., 2010) model systems, respectively. Gibberellin is a potent target for plant breeding and crop improvement since some agronomic traits such as fiber quality (Larkan et al., 2013), tree height, and growth ...
... Rodriguez et al., 2010; Spinelli et al., 2011) and monocot (Palatnik et al., 2007; Mateos et al., 2010) model systems, respectively. Gibberellin is a potent target for plant breeding and crop improvement since some agronomic traits such as fiber quality (Larkan et al., 2013), tree height, and growth ...
Genetic diversity and epidemiology of infectious hematopoietic
... have a common viral ancestral lineage. Comparisons of multiple isolates from the same site provided epidemiological insights into viral transmission patterns and indicated that viral evolution, viral introduction, and genetic stasis were the mechanisms involved with IHN virus population dynamics in ...
... have a common viral ancestral lineage. Comparisons of multiple isolates from the same site provided epidemiological insights into viral transmission patterns and indicated that viral evolution, viral introduction, and genetic stasis were the mechanisms involved with IHN virus population dynamics in ...
13_lecture_meiosis
... Inheritance of Genes • Genes are the units of heredity, and are made up of segments of DNA • Genes are passed to the next generation via reproductive cells called gametes (sperm and eggs) • Each gene has a specific location called a locus on a certain chromosome • Most DNA is packaged into chromoso ...
... Inheritance of Genes • Genes are the units of heredity, and are made up of segments of DNA • Genes are passed to the next generation via reproductive cells called gametes (sperm and eggs) • Each gene has a specific location called a locus on a certain chromosome • Most DNA is packaged into chromoso ...
Using an Alu Insertion Polymorphism to Study Human
... identity testing. Many polymorphisms are located in the estimated 98% of the human genome that does not encode protein. This experiment examines a polymorphism in the human genome that is caused by the insertion of an Alu transposon, or transposable element. Alu is a member of the family of short in ...
... identity testing. Many polymorphisms are located in the estimated 98% of the human genome that does not encode protein. This experiment examines a polymorphism in the human genome that is caused by the insertion of an Alu transposon, or transposable element. Alu is a member of the family of short in ...
SARS Outbreaks in Ontario, Hong Kong and Singapore: the role of
... Chromosome and Meiosis • Chromosome: Rod-shaped structure made of DNA • Diploid (2n): An organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number • Haploid (n): An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes • Gamete: Reproductive cells involved in fertilization. ...
... Chromosome and Meiosis • Chromosome: Rod-shaped structure made of DNA • Diploid (2n): An organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number • Haploid (n): An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes • Gamete: Reproductive cells involved in fertilization. ...
The dystrophin / utrophin homologues in Drosophila and in sea urchin
... 1991) and Purkinje cell type dystrophins (Gorecki et al., 1992). In addition, internal promoters located within introns further downstream in the huge DMD gene regulate the expression of smaller products. Dp71, a 70.8 kDa protein, consists of only the cysteine-rich and C-terminal domains of dystroph ...
... 1991) and Purkinje cell type dystrophins (Gorecki et al., 1992). In addition, internal promoters located within introns further downstream in the huge DMD gene regulate the expression of smaller products. Dp71, a 70.8 kDa protein, consists of only the cysteine-rich and C-terminal domains of dystroph ...
Genetic Control of X Chromosome Inactivation in Mice: Definition of
... thus predicted to have differential binding affinities for this factor (or factors), leading to a bias in the choice between chromosomes. While no such factors have been identified to date, mutagenesis has uncovered three candidate loci, all of which are autosomally encoded (Xiaf1–3) (Percec et al. ...
... thus predicted to have differential binding affinities for this factor (or factors), leading to a bias in the choice between chromosomes. While no such factors have been identified to date, mutagenesis has uncovered three candidate loci, all of which are autosomally encoded (Xiaf1–3) (Percec et al. ...
mitochondrial dysfunction and treatment strategies
... In an attempt to rescue the mtDNA depletion caused by thymidine kinase 2 (Tk2) deficiency in mice, the deoxyribonucleoside kinase from Drosophila melanogaster (Dm-dNK) was expressed in the Tk2 deficient mice (Dm-dNK+/-Tk2-/-). The Dm-dNK+/expression was able to rescue the Tk2-/- mice and prolong the ...
... In an attempt to rescue the mtDNA depletion caused by thymidine kinase 2 (Tk2) deficiency in mice, the deoxyribonucleoside kinase from Drosophila melanogaster (Dm-dNK) was expressed in the Tk2 deficient mice (Dm-dNK+/-Tk2-/-). The Dm-dNK+/expression was able to rescue the Tk2-/- mice and prolong the ...
Heredity Notes
... Advances in Genetics Genetic Engineering: Biological or chemical methods can be used to change an organism’s genes. This only works because there is one language of life: DNA from one organism will work in others. – Recombinant DNA methods insert useful segments of DNA into the DNA of another organ ...
... Advances in Genetics Genetic Engineering: Biological or chemical methods can be used to change an organism’s genes. This only works because there is one language of life: DNA from one organism will work in others. – Recombinant DNA methods insert useful segments of DNA into the DNA of another organ ...
Single-strain improved oral cholera vaccine : scientific report
... There is an urgent need for effective and affordable cholera vaccines both for use in cholera outbreaks and in mass vaccination campaigns. The main goal of the project has been to develop a simplified killed oral cholera vaccine based on a single Vibrio cholerae O1 vaccine strain and a single inacti ...
... There is an urgent need for effective and affordable cholera vaccines both for use in cholera outbreaks and in mass vaccination campaigns. The main goal of the project has been to develop a simplified killed oral cholera vaccine based on a single Vibrio cholerae O1 vaccine strain and a single inacti ...
Genetic Testing and Common Disorders: How to Assess Relevance and Possibilities
... early evaluation of one or more genetic risk factors for a particular disease or disease group. Genetic susceptibility screening may be defined as as a systematic, proactive offer of genetic susceptibility testing to members of a certain group of individuals. Genetic screening has to be distinguishe ...
... early evaluation of one or more genetic risk factors for a particular disease or disease group. Genetic susceptibility screening may be defined as as a systematic, proactive offer of genetic susceptibility testing to members of a certain group of individuals. Genetic screening has to be distinguishe ...
Speciation in Drosophila: From Phenotypes to Molecules
... DNA sequences that cause reproductive isolation. In what surely represents one of the most significant developments in speciation studies, this challenge has been met. This accomplishment has, to a considerable extent, taken advantage of whole genome sequences that were not available to earlier work ...
... DNA sequences that cause reproductive isolation. In what surely represents one of the most significant developments in speciation studies, this challenge has been met. This accomplishment has, to a considerable extent, taken advantage of whole genome sequences that were not available to earlier work ...
Pleiotropy and the evolution of floral integration
... indeed the suite of resultant changes is favored by selection (Lovell et al., 2013). Although QTL studies have been instrumental in providing an initial genome-wide assessment of pleiotropy, it is important to note that co-localization of traits to the same QTL does not provide definitive evidence t ...
... indeed the suite of resultant changes is favored by selection (Lovell et al., 2013). Although QTL studies have been instrumental in providing an initial genome-wide assessment of pleiotropy, it is important to note that co-localization of traits to the same QTL does not provide definitive evidence t ...
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology. It is therefore a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms. New DNA may be inserted in the host genome by first isolating and copying the genetic material of interest using molecular cloning methods to generate a DNA sequence, or by synthesizing the DNA, and then inserting this construct into the host organism. Genes may be removed, or ""knocked out"", using a nuclease. Gene targeting is a different technique that uses homologous recombination to change an endogenous gene, and can be used to delete a gene, remove exons, add a gene, or introduce point mutations.An organism that is generated through genetic engineering is considered to be a genetically modified organism (GMO). The first GMOs were bacteria generated in 1973 and GM mice in 1974. Insulin-producing bacteria were commercialized in 1982 and genetically modified food has been sold since 1994. Glofish, the first GMO designed as a pet, was first sold in the United States December in 2003.Genetic engineering techniques have been applied in numerous fields including research, agriculture, industrial biotechnology, and medicine. Enzymes used in laundry detergent and medicines such as insulin and human growth hormone are now manufactured in GM cells, experimental GM cell lines and GM animals such as mice or zebrafish are being used for research purposes, and genetically modified crops have been commercialized.