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... for only 2.0 to 2.6% of the relative fluorescence signal, suggesting that the abundance of this gammaproteobacterial AOB were sufficiently low and uniform that their omission from the qPCR amplification does not change the observed trends. By contrast, in the Vineyard Sound coral experiment, AOA wer ...
... for only 2.0 to 2.6% of the relative fluorescence signal, suggesting that the abundance of this gammaproteobacterial AOB were sufficiently low and uniform that their omission from the qPCR amplification does not change the observed trends. By contrast, in the Vineyard Sound coral experiment, AOA wer ...
A Unified Approach to the Evolutionary Consequences of Genetic
... combination of genetic and nongenetic mechanisms. Following definitions introduced previously (Bonduriansky and Day 2009), nongenetic mechanisms are mediated by the transmission to offspring of an element of the parental phenotype or environment. The transmissible factor mediating nongenetic inherit ...
... combination of genetic and nongenetic mechanisms. Following definitions introduced previously (Bonduriansky and Day 2009), nongenetic mechanisms are mediated by the transmission to offspring of an element of the parental phenotype or environment. The transmissible factor mediating nongenetic inherit ...
Identification of a Vinyl Reductase Gene for
... CIW8. We identified 38 plants that exhibited a recombination in this interval. New single nucleotide polymorphism markers were generated from the sequence information from the Monsant Arabidopsis polymorphism collection database, and we confirmed that the DVR gene is located on the region covered by ...
... CIW8. We identified 38 plants that exhibited a recombination in this interval. New single nucleotide polymorphism markers were generated from the sequence information from the Monsant Arabidopsis polymorphism collection database, and we confirmed that the DVR gene is located on the region covered by ...
Reprint
... combination of genetic and nongenetic mechanisms. Following definitions introduced previously (Bonduriansky and Day 2009), nongenetic mechanisms are mediated by the transmission to offspring of an element of the parental phenotype or environment. The transmissible factor mediating nongenetic inherit ...
... combination of genetic and nongenetic mechanisms. Following definitions introduced previously (Bonduriansky and Day 2009), nongenetic mechanisms are mediated by the transmission to offspring of an element of the parental phenotype or environment. The transmissible factor mediating nongenetic inherit ...
Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis
... • Therefore, Rifabutin is favored over rifampin in individuals who are simultaneously being treated for tuberculosis and HIV infection, since it will not result in oxidation of the antiviral drugs the patient is taking • Rifaximin is a poorly absorbed rifamycin that is used for treatment of traveler ...
... • Therefore, Rifabutin is favored over rifampin in individuals who are simultaneously being treated for tuberculosis and HIV infection, since it will not result in oxidation of the antiviral drugs the patient is taking • Rifaximin is a poorly absorbed rifamycin that is used for treatment of traveler ...
Lactococcus lactis LM0230 contains a single
... step of many amino acids, may have important physiological functions in Lactococcus lactis during growth in milk. In this study, the aspartate ATase gene (aspC) from L. lactis LM0230 was cloned by complementation into Escherichia coli DL39. One chromosomal fragment putatively encoding aspC was parti ...
... step of many amino acids, may have important physiological functions in Lactococcus lactis during growth in milk. In this study, the aspartate ATase gene (aspC) from L. lactis LM0230 was cloned by complementation into Escherichia coli DL39. One chromosomal fragment putatively encoding aspC was parti ...
Directions for Use Uracil-DNA Glycosylase (UNG), Cod
... AMRESCO’s UNG does not require inhibitors due to its irreversible inactivation at 55°C. However, it is does bind UGI in a 1:1 ratio and will be inhibited by it. Will UNG remove uracil from both ss- and dsDNA with the same efficiency? No, UNG removes uracil from ss-DNA at a rate of 200% compared ...
... AMRESCO’s UNG does not require inhibitors due to its irreversible inactivation at 55°C. However, it is does bind UGI in a 1:1 ratio and will be inhibited by it. Will UNG remove uracil from both ss- and dsDNA with the same efficiency? No, UNG removes uracil from ss-DNA at a rate of 200% compared ...
Document
... trait and the white flower color a recessive trait • Mendel observed the same pattern of inheritance in six other pea plant characters, each represented by two traits • What Mendel called a “heritable factor” is what we now call a gene Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson B ...
... trait and the white flower color a recessive trait • Mendel observed the same pattern of inheritance in six other pea plant characters, each represented by two traits • What Mendel called a “heritable factor” is what we now call a gene Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson B ...
A genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in buccal - VU-DARE
... restricting to the most variable CpG sites (for the top 10% CpGs of which methylation level varied most between subjects, the average heritability was 37%) 34. It was also found that gene body and intergenic regions showed higher average methylation levels, more variation between subjects, and highe ...
... restricting to the most variable CpG sites (for the top 10% CpGs of which methylation level varied most between subjects, the average heritability was 37%) 34. It was also found that gene body and intergenic regions showed higher average methylation levels, more variation between subjects, and highe ...
Production and identification of haploid dwarf male sterile wheat
... stage, a dwarf male sterile wheat (DMSW) was further developed by crossing the male sterile Chinese Spring with Aibian 1 carrying the dwarfing gene Rht10 (Rht-D1c) and backcrossing the dwarfing F1 male sterile plants with normal Chinese Spring, in which Ms2 gene was linked closely with Rht10 gene wi ...
... stage, a dwarf male sterile wheat (DMSW) was further developed by crossing the male sterile Chinese Spring with Aibian 1 carrying the dwarfing gene Rht10 (Rht-D1c) and backcrossing the dwarfing F1 male sterile plants with normal Chinese Spring, in which Ms2 gene was linked closely with Rht10 gene wi ...
Arsenite as an Electron Donor for Anoxygenic Photosynthesis
... element solution (1 mL) [19], vitamin mix (10 mL) [20], and adjusted to pH 9.7. Once established, BSL-9 was typically grown in the light (~2000 lux) at 30 ◦ C with 2 mM As(III) as the electron donor. Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii (DSM 2111) and Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii (DSM 243T ) were ...
... element solution (1 mL) [19], vitamin mix (10 mL) [20], and adjusted to pH 9.7. Once established, BSL-9 was typically grown in the light (~2000 lux) at 30 ◦ C with 2 mM As(III) as the electron donor. Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii (DSM 2111) and Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii (DSM 243T ) were ...
word
... origin became one of the most challenging tasks in biological sciences. With the technology of laser capture microdissection that made non-contact sampling at microscopic level, clear defined specimen without contamination and with precision at the micrometer level opens up new perspectives in both ...
... origin became one of the most challenging tasks in biological sciences. With the technology of laser capture microdissection that made non-contact sampling at microscopic level, clear defined specimen without contamination and with precision at the micrometer level opens up new perspectives in both ...
FEMS Microbiology Letters
... A 700 bp PstI/BamHI fragment (V350 bp of the 5P untranslated nifJ region of Synechococcus 6301) was subcloned into PstI/BamHI-cut pBluescript1IISK(3). The complete insert was further subcloned by XbaI/XhoI restriction and fused to the promoterless bacterial luciferase genes luxAB from Vibrio harveyi ...
... A 700 bp PstI/BamHI fragment (V350 bp of the 5P untranslated nifJ region of Synechococcus 6301) was subcloned into PstI/BamHI-cut pBluescript1IISK(3). The complete insert was further subcloned by XbaI/XhoI restriction and fused to the promoterless bacterial luciferase genes luxAB from Vibrio harveyi ...
Leaf shape: genetic controls and environmental factors
... and is represented by leaves of most model plants, including Arabidopsis, Antirrhinum majus L. and Zea mays L. Simple leaves show more or less serration in the margin but are not separated into several units. On the other hand, tomato, rose and white clover are typical species with compound leaves, ...
... and is represented by leaves of most model plants, including Arabidopsis, Antirrhinum majus L. and Zea mays L. Simple leaves show more or less serration in the margin but are not separated into several units. On the other hand, tomato, rose and white clover are typical species with compound leaves, ...
rec-mediated recombinational hot spot activity in bacteriophage
... Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403 Manuscript received December 28, 1973 ABSTRACT ...
... Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403 Manuscript received December 28, 1973 ABSTRACT ...
Automata-based adaptive behavior for economic modeling using
... optimal strategy for games involving two or more players, whereby the players reach an outcome to mutual advantage. If there is a set of strategies for a game with the property that no player can benefit by changing his strategy while the other players keep their strategies unchanged, then this set ...
... optimal strategy for games involving two or more players, whereby the players reach an outcome to mutual advantage. If there is a set of strategies for a game with the property that no player can benefit by changing his strategy while the other players keep their strategies unchanged, then this set ...
Regulation of nitrogen metabolism in gram
... Genes of the GlnR Regulon The expression of the glnRA operon is regulated by GlnR in various bacteria. Therefore, the regulatory sites of the glnRA operon from all bacteria were included in a training set for constructing the signal. Application of a signal recognition procedure allowed us to identi ...
... Genes of the GlnR Regulon The expression of the glnRA operon is regulated by GlnR in various bacteria. Therefore, the regulatory sites of the glnRA operon from all bacteria were included in a training set for constructing the signal. Application of a signal recognition procedure allowed us to identi ...
Grammatical Evolution : Solving Trigonometric Identities 1 Introduction
... In this case, the non-terminal can produce one of four di erent results, our system takes the next available random number from the chromosome to decide which production to take. Each time a decision has to be made, another pseudo random number is read from the chromosome, and in this way, the syste ...
... In this case, the non-terminal can produce one of four di erent results, our system takes the next available random number from the chromosome to decide which production to take. Each time a decision has to be made, another pseudo random number is read from the chromosome, and in this way, the syste ...
garter snake - University of Notre Dame
... This system is ideal because the traits that mediate coevolution are identified, geographically variable, and at least partly controlled by a well-studied gene family. Newts of the genus Taricha possess the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (TTX; Mosher et al. 1964; Wakely et al. 1966; Brodie et al. 1974; Yot ...
... This system is ideal because the traits that mediate coevolution are identified, geographically variable, and at least partly controlled by a well-studied gene family. Newts of the genus Taricha possess the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (TTX; Mosher et al. 1964; Wakely et al. 1966; Brodie et al. 1974; Yot ...
The Genetics of Cleft Lip and Palate
... The incidence of cleft lip and/or palate is approximately 1 in every 700 births. Combined cleft lip and palate is the most common presentation (50%), followed by isolated cleft palate (30%), and isolated cleft ...
... The incidence of cleft lip and/or palate is approximately 1 in every 700 births. Combined cleft lip and palate is the most common presentation (50%), followed by isolated cleft palate (30%), and isolated cleft ...
The Ethylene Signal Transduction Pathway in Plants
... of epicotyl and root elongation, radial swelling of epicotyl and root cells, and the development of a diageotrophic (horizontal) growth habit (15). The spectacular effects of ethylene on pea seedling development were the first demonstration that a gas could act as a signaling molecule in any biologi ...
... of epicotyl and root elongation, radial swelling of epicotyl and root cells, and the development of a diageotrophic (horizontal) growth habit (15). The spectacular effects of ethylene on pea seedling development were the first demonstration that a gas could act as a signaling molecule in any biologi ...
Mycoplasma genitalium: a brief review
... Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which is an established pathogen of the respiratory tract. M. genitalium lacks a cell wall and has a characteristic pear/flask shape with a terminal tip organelle. This organelle enables M. genitalium to glide along and adhere to moist/mucous surfaces, including host cells. M. ...
... Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which is an established pathogen of the respiratory tract. M. genitalium lacks a cell wall and has a characteristic pear/flask shape with a terminal tip organelle. This organelle enables M. genitalium to glide along and adhere to moist/mucous surfaces, including host cells. M. ...
Amino acid and codon usage profiles: Adaptive changes in the
... noted in our results. Subsequently, we have shown that these patterns in codon usage changes are quite informative and might even be used to crudely predict functions. This functional enrichment (i.e. high frequency of a given function in the collection of genes with similar codon usage profiles) co ...
... noted in our results. Subsequently, we have shown that these patterns in codon usage changes are quite informative and might even be used to crudely predict functions. This functional enrichment (i.e. high frequency of a given function in the collection of genes with similar codon usage profiles) co ...
Chromosome Aberrations
... resolve this problem, the doubled chromosomes have homologs for pairing during synapsis hybrid is fertile ...
... resolve this problem, the doubled chromosomes have homologs for pairing during synapsis hybrid is fertile ...
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology. It is therefore a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms. New DNA may be inserted in the host genome by first isolating and copying the genetic material of interest using molecular cloning methods to generate a DNA sequence, or by synthesizing the DNA, and then inserting this construct into the host organism. Genes may be removed, or ""knocked out"", using a nuclease. Gene targeting is a different technique that uses homologous recombination to change an endogenous gene, and can be used to delete a gene, remove exons, add a gene, or introduce point mutations.An organism that is generated through genetic engineering is considered to be a genetically modified organism (GMO). The first GMOs were bacteria generated in 1973 and GM mice in 1974. Insulin-producing bacteria were commercialized in 1982 and genetically modified food has been sold since 1994. Glofish, the first GMO designed as a pet, was first sold in the United States December in 2003.Genetic engineering techniques have been applied in numerous fields including research, agriculture, industrial biotechnology, and medicine. Enzymes used in laundry detergent and medicines such as insulin and human growth hormone are now manufactured in GM cells, experimental GM cell lines and GM animals such as mice or zebrafish are being used for research purposes, and genetically modified crops have been commercialized.