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... D) the alleles segregate equally E) the Earth is flat 9. Assume that a chi-square test was conducted to test the goodness of the data fit to a 9:3:3:1 ratio and a chi-square value of 10.62 was obtained (the table of chi-square probabilities is on the last page). You then determine that A) 0.01
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History of genetic engineering

Genetic modification caused by human activity has been occurring since around 12,000 BC, when humans first began to domesticate organisms. Genetic engineering as the direct transfer of DNA from one organism to another was first accomplished by Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen in 1973. Advances have allowed scientists to manipulate and add genes to a variety of different organism and induce a range of different effects. Since 1976 the technology has been commercialised, with companies producing and selling genetically modified food and medicine.
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