Boundless Study Slides
... • gene a unit of heredity; the functional units of chromosomes that determine specific characteristics by coding for specific proteins • genetics the branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, in particular chromosomes and DNA • independent assortm ...
... • gene a unit of heredity; the functional units of chromosomes that determine specific characteristics by coding for specific proteins • genetics the branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, in particular chromosomes and DNA • independent assortm ...
Biology 30 - CBE Project Server
... Use the following information to answer the next question. The symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease gradually appear as affected individuals age. One symptom of Alzheimer’s disease is a loss of memory. Studies have shown that the administration of the hormone estrogen to female patients with Alzheimer’s ...
... Use the following information to answer the next question. The symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease gradually appear as affected individuals age. One symptom of Alzheimer’s disease is a loss of memory. Studies have shown that the administration of the hormone estrogen to female patients with Alzheimer’s ...
Pain genetics: past, present and future
... or analgesia based on the phenotype of null mutant mice, and many hundreds of pain-regulated genes have been identified by gene expression profiling (microarray) studies [4]. In this review, I focus solely on mendelian genetics, as one of the greatest challenges to both pain treatment and analgesic ...
... or analgesia based on the phenotype of null mutant mice, and many hundreds of pain-regulated genes have been identified by gene expression profiling (microarray) studies [4]. In this review, I focus solely on mendelian genetics, as one of the greatest challenges to both pain treatment and analgesic ...
Cytokinin signaling - Biology Department | UNC Chapel Hill
... ahk2 ahk4 and ahk3 ahk4 double mutants are morphologically indistinguishable from wildtype plants, partly because of the functional redundancy among these three genes. By contrast, the ahk2 ahk3 double mutant has short petioles and smaller leaf blades, and the triple receptor ahk2 ahk3 ahk4 mutant i ...
... ahk2 ahk4 and ahk3 ahk4 double mutants are morphologically indistinguishable from wildtype plants, partly because of the functional redundancy among these three genes. By contrast, the ahk2 ahk3 double mutant has short petioles and smaller leaf blades, and the triple receptor ahk2 ahk3 ahk4 mutant i ...
Forche et al. 2008 PLoS Biology
... hybridization arrays we have now analyzed the genotypes of products from the C. albicans parasexual cycle. We show that the parasexual cycle generates progeny strains with shuffled combinations of the eight C. albicans chromosomes. In addition, several isolates had undergone extensive genetic recomb ...
... hybridization arrays we have now analyzed the genotypes of products from the C. albicans parasexual cycle. We show that the parasexual cycle generates progeny strains with shuffled combinations of the eight C. albicans chromosomes. In addition, several isolates had undergone extensive genetic recomb ...
The Parasexual Cycle in Candida albicans Provides an
... hybridization arrays we have now analyzed the genotypes of products from the C. albicans parasexual cycle. We show that the parasexual cycle generates progeny strains with shuffled combinations of the eight C. albicans chromosomes. In addition, several isolates had undergone extensive genetic recomb ...
... hybridization arrays we have now analyzed the genotypes of products from the C. albicans parasexual cycle. We show that the parasexual cycle generates progeny strains with shuffled combinations of the eight C. albicans chromosomes. In addition, several isolates had undergone extensive genetic recomb ...
Sporulation in BhciZZus subtilis 168. Control of
... temperature with a solution of p-nitrophenyl phosphate (15mg/ml in I -0M-diethanolamineHCI buffer, pH 10.0).Colonies with low alkaline phosphatase activity remained white, while normal colonies immediately turned a bright yellow. The white colonies were picked, streaked on glucose-glutamate minimal ...
... temperature with a solution of p-nitrophenyl phosphate (15mg/ml in I -0M-diethanolamineHCI buffer, pH 10.0).Colonies with low alkaline phosphatase activity remained white, while normal colonies immediately turned a bright yellow. The white colonies were picked, streaked on glucose-glutamate minimal ...
Genetics of the shaded American Shorthair
... more accurately described as black-silver tabbies, as they are in some non-CFA registries. A cameo tabby is more accurately described as a red-silver tabby, a pewter tabby a blue-silver tabby, etc. In the purest form, silver differs from white predominantly by mechanism. In white cats, either the me ...
... more accurately described as black-silver tabbies, as they are in some non-CFA registries. A cameo tabby is more accurately described as a red-silver tabby, a pewter tabby a blue-silver tabby, etc. In the purest form, silver differs from white predominantly by mechanism. In white cats, either the me ...
here - Glaucoma Genetics Lab
... Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; gDepartments of Ophthalmology and International Health, School of Medicine and the Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; hDepartment of Ophthalmology, University ...
... Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; gDepartments of Ophthalmology and International Health, School of Medicine and the Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; hDepartment of Ophthalmology, University ...
Genetics of the shaded American Shorthair
... tabby" to describe shaded and "ticked" patterned cats combined. Shaded genetics may differ with coat length The genetics governing mackerel and classic patterns are relatively simple and largely involve a single gene, Tm_ (T- has also been used for mackerel) or tbtb respectively. Shaded genetics are ...
... tabby" to describe shaded and "ticked" patterned cats combined. Shaded genetics may differ with coat length The genetics governing mackerel and classic patterns are relatively simple and largely involve a single gene, Tm_ (T- has also been used for mackerel) or tbtb respectively. Shaded genetics are ...
Tansley Review No. 103 Biological clocks in
... approximately a day – circadian rhythms. Such rhythms persist even when the organism is placed under constant conditions, with a period that is close, but not exactly equal, to 24 h, and are driven by an endogenous timer – one of the many ‘ biological clocks ’. In plants, research into circadian rhy ...
... approximately a day – circadian rhythms. Such rhythms persist even when the organism is placed under constant conditions, with a period that is close, but not exactly equal, to 24 h, and are driven by an endogenous timer – one of the many ‘ biological clocks ’. In plants, research into circadian rhy ...
Elevated atmospheric CO2 levels affect community structure of rice
... of the experimental site is fluvisol, which is typical in alluvial areas. Bulk density is 0.87 × 106 g.m−3 . Total C and N content is 21.4 and 1.97 mg.g−1 , respectively. Cation exchange capacity is 202 µmolc.g−1 (Hasegawa et al., 2013). The experimental site was established in 2010, and the control ...
... of the experimental site is fluvisol, which is typical in alluvial areas. Bulk density is 0.87 × 106 g.m−3 . Total C and N content is 21.4 and 1.97 mg.g−1 , respectively. Cation exchange capacity is 202 µmolc.g−1 (Hasegawa et al., 2013). The experimental site was established in 2010, and the control ...
The Myriad case (Association for Molecular Pathology v
... • Not the case here because “claimed isolated DNA molecules do not exist as in nature within a physical mixture to be purified” – rather need to be “chemically cleaved [i.e. covalent bond broken] from their chemical combination with other genetic materials” • “Thus, when cleaved, an isolated DNA mol ...
... • Not the case here because “claimed isolated DNA molecules do not exist as in nature within a physical mixture to be purified” – rather need to be “chemically cleaved [i.e. covalent bond broken] from their chemical combination with other genetic materials” • “Thus, when cleaved, an isolated DNA mol ...
Recruitment of CRABS CLAW to promote nectary development
... perianth positions in basal taxa to central positions associated with reproductive organs in more derived taxa. In addition, extrafloral nectaries are currently known in 68 angiosperm families (Elias, 1983). Their structures and locations are also diverse across the families, although they occur mos ...
... perianth positions in basal taxa to central positions associated with reproductive organs in more derived taxa. In addition, extrafloral nectaries are currently known in 68 angiosperm families (Elias, 1983). Their structures and locations are also diverse across the families, although they occur mos ...
The Influence of Anticodon–Codon Interactions and Modified Bases
... tRNAs occur, Grosjean et al. (2010) call this ‘‘sparing strategy 1.’’ There are also cases where a combination of wobbleU and wobble-G tRNAs occurs (‘‘sparing strategy 2’’), and where only the wobble-U tRNA is present (‘‘sparing strategy 3’’). As far as we know, the wobble-C tRNA only pairs with the ...
... tRNAs occur, Grosjean et al. (2010) call this ‘‘sparing strategy 1.’’ There are also cases where a combination of wobbleU and wobble-G tRNAs occurs (‘‘sparing strategy 2’’), and where only the wobble-U tRNA is present (‘‘sparing strategy 3’’). As far as we know, the wobble-C tRNA only pairs with the ...
An introduction to genetic algorithms / Melanie
... simulating biological evolution. These biologically motivated computing activities have waxed and waned over the years, but since the early 1980s they have all undergone a resurgence in the computation research community. The first has grown into the field of neural networks, the second into machine ...
... simulating biological evolution. These biologically motivated computing activities have waxed and waned over the years, but since the early 1980s they have all undergone a resurgence in the computation research community. The first has grown into the field of neural networks, the second into machine ...
Useful Information for Lay People
... person walks, talks or writes. Trying to balance and control their body can make them very tired. As Friedreichs Ataxia is progressive the symptoms get worse as time goes on; this is usually a gradual process, and takes place over a number of years and eventually it may be necessary to use a wheelch ...
... person walks, talks or writes. Trying to balance and control their body can make them very tired. As Friedreichs Ataxia is progressive the symptoms get worse as time goes on; this is usually a gradual process, and takes place over a number of years and eventually it may be necessary to use a wheelch ...
Auxin Biosynthesis and Its Role in Plant Development
... There have been no reported forward genetic screens conducted systematically for the purpose of isolating auxin-deficient mutants in any systems. Part of the reason is the lack of knowledge of the developmental consequences associated with auxin deficiency. Therefore, no robust auxin-deficient trait wa ...
... There have been no reported forward genetic screens conducted systematically for the purpose of isolating auxin-deficient mutants in any systems. Part of the reason is the lack of knowledge of the developmental consequences associated with auxin deficiency. Therefore, no robust auxin-deficient trait wa ...
A homozygous double mutation in SMN1
... the diagnosis in the initial proband with two copies of SMN1. Heterozygous changes in the DNA sequencing chromatograms (Fig. 1b) were deceiving, as the standard SMN polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results in the amplification of both SMN1 and SMN2 genes. Heterozygous sites cannot be assigned unequiv ...
... the diagnosis in the initial proband with two copies of SMN1. Heterozygous changes in the DNA sequencing chromatograms (Fig. 1b) were deceiving, as the standard SMN polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results in the amplification of both SMN1 and SMN2 genes. Heterozygous sites cannot be assigned unequiv ...
Flower symmetry and shape in Antirrhinum
... on the left and inflorescence meristem with lateral flowers on the right. (B) Side view of grow in the periphery of the apical inflorescence inflorescence meristems with a dorsoventrally asymmetrical flower (left) or a radially meristem (Fig. 5). While at these stages the floral symmetrical flower ( ...
... on the left and inflorescence meristem with lateral flowers on the right. (B) Side view of grow in the periphery of the apical inflorescence inflorescence meristems with a dorsoventrally asymmetrical flower (left) or a radially meristem (Fig. 5). While at these stages the floral symmetrical flower ( ...
The pleiotropic structure of the genotype–phenotype
... adaptable to changing environments than are simple organisms, because their mutations are more pleio‑ tropic 10–11. It is also believed that the compromises among adaptations of different traits underlie many fundamental principles and phenomena in biology, including senescence17, speciation20 and c ...
... adaptable to changing environments than are simple organisms, because their mutations are more pleio‑ tropic 10–11. It is also believed that the compromises among adaptations of different traits underlie many fundamental principles and phenomena in biology, including senescence17, speciation20 and c ...
Auxin metabolism and homeostasis during plant development
... (reviewed by Zažímalová et al., 2010). There are also specific IAA influx carrier proteins, such as the AUX1/LAX family, which are important for increasing IAA transport into specific cell types (reviewed by Swarup and Péret, 2012). Recently, a new group of transport proteins – the PIN-LIKES (or PIL ...
... (reviewed by Zažímalová et al., 2010). There are also specific IAA influx carrier proteins, such as the AUX1/LAX family, which are important for increasing IAA transport into specific cell types (reviewed by Swarup and Péret, 2012). Recently, a new group of transport proteins – the PIN-LIKES (or PIL ...
Mitochondrial diseases and the role of the yeast models
... human pathology. Mitochondrial diseases caused by mutations in nuclear genes can be grouped into several categories. Some disorders are due to mutations in RC subunits or in proteins involved in the corresponding assembly. Others are due to defects of ATP synthase or of other metabolic enzyme comple ...
... human pathology. Mitochondrial diseases caused by mutations in nuclear genes can be grouped into several categories. Some disorders are due to mutations in RC subunits or in proteins involved in the corresponding assembly. Others are due to defects of ATP synthase or of other metabolic enzyme comple ...
Inference of natural selection on quantitative traits
... the conversion of genetic information starts with the DNA sequence of a gene and is mediated via the mRNA to form a protein as a final product. This process is also known as the central dogma of molecular biology (Crick et al. 1970). A gene can exist in different variants which are called alleles. N ...
... the conversion of genetic information starts with the DNA sequence of a gene and is mediated via the mRNA to form a protein as a final product. This process is also known as the central dogma of molecular biology (Crick et al. 1970). A gene can exist in different variants which are called alleles. N ...