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... forgotten (Wilhelm et al., 2011; Stickgold and Walker, 2013). An analogous consolidation process occurs in Drosophila-- specific neurons in the mushroom bodies are required for the acquisition of an odor memory, but this memory is later transferred to anatomically distinct long-term storage sites (W ...
... forgotten (Wilhelm et al., 2011; Stickgold and Walker, 2013). An analogous consolidation process occurs in Drosophila-- specific neurons in the mushroom bodies are required for the acquisition of an odor memory, but this memory is later transferred to anatomically distinct long-term storage sites (W ...
Neural Coding - Computing Science and Mathematics
... Temporal Binding • How can the activity of neurons responding to different features of a single stimulus be combined? • Cell assembly: group of neurons that fire at the same time • Temporal ...
... Temporal Binding • How can the activity of neurons responding to different features of a single stimulus be combined? • Cell assembly: group of neurons that fire at the same time • Temporal ...
Psychology of Learning - Lehrstuhl für Pädagogik
... use of a tool ory: episodic memory and semantic memory. Episodic memory represents our memory of events and experiences in a serial form. It is from this memory that we can reconstruct the actual events that took place at a given point in our lives. Semantic memory, on the other end, is a structured ...
... use of a tool ory: episodic memory and semantic memory. Episodic memory represents our memory of events and experiences in a serial form. It is from this memory that we can reconstruct the actual events that took place at a given point in our lives. Semantic memory, on the other end, is a structured ...
Neurons - Honors Biology 10 - 2222-03
... Neurons have a charge, or electrical potential, across their cell membranes. The inside of a neuron has a voltage of –70 millivolts (mV) compared to the outside. This difference is known as the resting potential. ...
... Neurons have a charge, or electrical potential, across their cell membranes. The inside of a neuron has a voltage of –70 millivolts (mV) compared to the outside. This difference is known as the resting potential. ...
Cortex and Mind Chapter 5
... presentation of distractors between word presentation and recall interferes with the recency effect, but not the primacy effect. This result would be predicted if the first words in the list pass quickly into long-term storage and are thus not as vulnerable to interference. 3) The model also appeare ...
... presentation of distractors between word presentation and recall interferes with the recency effect, but not the primacy effect. This result would be predicted if the first words in the list pass quickly into long-term storage and are thus not as vulnerable to interference. 3) The model also appeare ...
Connectionist Modeling
... •Inputs sum until a threshold reached. •At threshold, a spike is generated. •The neuron then rests. •Typical firing rate is 100 Hz (computer is 1,000,000,000 Hz) ...
... •Inputs sum until a threshold reached. •At threshold, a spike is generated. •The neuron then rests. •Typical firing rate is 100 Hz (computer is 1,000,000,000 Hz) ...
Are all declarative memories false memories?
... when a chunk of semantic information is repeatedly presented within a context, like when a friend tells a trivia, over time this chunk loses its source, the friend, and manifests itself as a semantic memory (Tulving, 1985). The idea that information in episodic memories gradually changes into semant ...
... when a chunk of semantic information is repeatedly presented within a context, like when a friend tells a trivia, over time this chunk loses its source, the friend, and manifests itself as a semantic memory (Tulving, 1985). The idea that information in episodic memories gradually changes into semant ...
Back Propagation Weight Update Rule
... Equations 21 and 22 show that the weights change is an input signal multiplied by a local gradient. This gives a direction that also has magnitude dependent on the magnitude of the error. If the direction is taken with no magnitude then all changes will be of equal size which will depend on the lea ...
... Equations 21 and 22 show that the weights change is an input signal multiplied by a local gradient. This gives a direction that also has magnitude dependent on the magnitude of the error. If the direction is taken with no magnitude then all changes will be of equal size which will depend on the lea ...
Progressive Memory Disorders - AlzOnline
... Forgetting details of an event from many years ago is called a loss in long-term memory or loss in remote memory. Memory for details may be called the “what memory” or “declarative memory”. It is the memory system for details, facts and events. Memory for details relates to remembering specific pie ...
... Forgetting details of an event from many years ago is called a loss in long-term memory or loss in remote memory. Memory for details may be called the “what memory” or “declarative memory”. It is the memory system for details, facts and events. Memory for details relates to remembering specific pie ...
Ch. 10: Technology and Learning
... a seat usually having four legs for support and a rest for the back and often having rests for the arms ...
... a seat usually having four legs for support and a rest for the back and often having rests for the arms ...
Paper - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences
... Question 1 • Direct electrical stimulation can be used to define functional domains in the brain, elicit stereotyped behavioral responses, drive self-stimulation behavior, and serve as conditioned or unconditioned stimuli in conditioning paradigms (1–4). This type of stimulation has typically been ...
... Question 1 • Direct electrical stimulation can be used to define functional domains in the brain, elicit stereotyped behavioral responses, drive self-stimulation behavior, and serve as conditioned or unconditioned stimuli in conditioning paradigms (1–4). This type of stimulation has typically been ...
Chapter 7: Long-term memory systems
... Our organised general knowledge about the world is stored in semantic memory. Concepts are mental representations of categories of objects or items. Concepts are organised into hierarchical networks with three levels (Rosch et al., 1976): superordinate categories; basic-level categories; and subordi ...
... Our organised general knowledge about the world is stored in semantic memory. Concepts are mental representations of categories of objects or items. Concepts are organised into hierarchical networks with three levels (Rosch et al., 1976): superordinate categories; basic-level categories; and subordi ...
Working memory
... The wiring diagram of the hippocampus is traditionally presented as a trisynaptic loop. The major input is carried by axons of the perforant path, which convey polymodal sensory information from neurons in layer II of the entorhinal cortex to the dentate gyrus. Perforant path axons make excitatory s ...
... The wiring diagram of the hippocampus is traditionally presented as a trisynaptic loop. The major input is carried by axons of the perforant path, which convey polymodal sensory information from neurons in layer II of the entorhinal cortex to the dentate gyrus. Perforant path axons make excitatory s ...
331CognitionWhatIsIt
... Moroccan males (7-19): The recency effect (remembering the last because it is most recently viewed) was consistent across schooled and non-schooled participants. (Believed to be a hard-wired function of short term memory) The primacy effect (remembering the first because of verbal rehearsal) develop ...
... Moroccan males (7-19): The recency effect (remembering the last because it is most recently viewed) was consistent across schooled and non-schooled participants. (Believed to be a hard-wired function of short term memory) The primacy effect (remembering the first because of verbal rehearsal) develop ...
MODEL OF WHOLE NEURON
... modeled as an active or passive compartment depending on the type of neuron. ...
... modeled as an active or passive compartment depending on the type of neuron. ...
McGraw-Hill AccessScience: Information processing (psychology)
... Information is coded in some type of memory by having something in the memory represent the information. In books, recording tapes, and almost all digital computer memories, the memory consists of a long onedimensional series of memory locations. The encoding of a piece of information such as the pr ...
... Information is coded in some type of memory by having something in the memory represent the information. In books, recording tapes, and almost all digital computer memories, the memory consists of a long onedimensional series of memory locations. The encoding of a piece of information such as the pr ...
Neurons & the Nervous System
... Average neuron makes about 1,000 synapses and receives 10,000 synapses ...
... Average neuron makes about 1,000 synapses and receives 10,000 synapses ...
Methods S2.
... The leftmost layer is called Input Layer while the rightmost one (i.e. the last layer) is called Output Layer. All layers between the input layer and the output layer are called Hidden Layers. Note that the value of the output of a neuron in layer k depends, through the non–linear activation functio ...
... The leftmost layer is called Input Layer while the rightmost one (i.e. the last layer) is called Output Layer. All layers between the input layer and the output layer are called Hidden Layers. Note that the value of the output of a neuron in layer k depends, through the non–linear activation functio ...
Ramón y Cajal, 19 th century
... Neuronal activity changes the intracellular calcium. Via changes in intra-cellular calcium, neurons change their morphology with respect to their axonal and dendritic shape. This leads to changes in neuronal connectivity which, in turn, adapts neuronal activity. The goal is that by these changes neu ...
... Neuronal activity changes the intracellular calcium. Via changes in intra-cellular calcium, neurons change their morphology with respect to their axonal and dendritic shape. This leads to changes in neuronal connectivity which, in turn, adapts neuronal activity. The goal is that by these changes neu ...
Document
... 1. DETECTABILITY: If an animal displays memory of some previous experience (or has learnt a new task), a change in synaptic efficacy should be detectable somewhere in its nervous system. 2. MIMICRY: If it were possible to induce the appropriate pattern of synaptic weight changes artificially, the an ...
... 1. DETECTABILITY: If an animal displays memory of some previous experience (or has learnt a new task), a change in synaptic efficacy should be detectable somewhere in its nervous system. 2. MIMICRY: If it were possible to induce the appropriate pattern of synaptic weight changes artificially, the an ...
Spikes not slots: noise in neural populations limits
... a quantized one) that is distributed between items; however, it also invokes a deterministic limit: no more items can be stored than there are slots. The slots + averaging model reproduces the increase in variability with set size observed in experimental data (blue line in Figure 1C). It also predi ...
... a quantized one) that is distributed between items; however, it also invokes a deterministic limit: no more items can be stored than there are slots. The slots + averaging model reproduces the increase in variability with set size observed in experimental data (blue line in Figure 1C). It also predi ...
No Slide Title - Computer Science Home
... A simple example: McCulloch-Pitts neurons that perform logic operations • Presumption: – Binary activation: neuron either fires or does not fire – Neurons are connected by directed, weighted paths – A connection path is excitatory if the weight on the path is positive; otherwise, its inhibitory – E ...
... A simple example: McCulloch-Pitts neurons that perform logic operations • Presumption: – Binary activation: neuron either fires or does not fire – Neurons are connected by directed, weighted paths – A connection path is excitatory if the weight on the path is positive; otherwise, its inhibitory – E ...
The stress model of Yerkes-Dodson law suggests that at low and
... The results of the experience indicated that a combination of misleading statements and degree to which an event is perceived stressful, the less likely it is for a person to recollect memory accurately, thus the presence of the misinformation effect. Strengths of this experiment included a careful ...
... The results of the experience indicated that a combination of misleading statements and degree to which an event is perceived stressful, the less likely it is for a person to recollect memory accurately, thus the presence of the misinformation effect. Strengths of this experiment included a careful ...