Probing vibrational ladder-excitation in CO2 microwave plasma with a free electron laser to develop a route to efficient solar fuels
... Keywords: solar fuels, vibrational excitation, plasmolysis, CO 2 -dissociation, free electron laser, optical emission spectroscopy ...
... Keywords: solar fuels, vibrational excitation, plasmolysis, CO 2 -dissociation, free electron laser, optical emission spectroscopy ...
coherent interaction of atoms and molecules with laser radiation
... walls. Since the natural width of spectral lines for the reviewed system is well-known and the collisional broadening can be estimated rather well, using the excitation spectrum (Figure 2) the evaluation of relaxation, which takes place when atoms interact with the walls of the cell, is also possibl ...
... walls. Since the natural width of spectral lines for the reviewed system is well-known and the collisional broadening can be estimated rather well, using the excitation spectrum (Figure 2) the evaluation of relaxation, which takes place when atoms interact with the walls of the cell, is also possibl ...
Orientation of chiral heptahelicene C30H18 on copper surfaces: An
... Fadley,19 including spherical wave corrections.20 We have previously shown that, using this approach, the diffraction patterns from C60 molecules adsorbed on various surfaces can be accurately reproduced and the corresponding molecular orientation thus determined in a rather straightforward way.16 B ...
... Fadley,19 including spherical wave corrections.20 We have previously shown that, using this approach, the diffraction patterns from C60 molecules adsorbed on various surfaces can be accurately reproduced and the corresponding molecular orientation thus determined in a rather straightforward way.16 B ...
Diamagnetic Raman Optical Activity of Chlorine, Bromine, and
... (ratios of the ROA and Raman signals, CID = (IR¢IL)/(IR + IL)) for Cl2, Br2 and I2 are measured as 1.13 × 10¢4, 3.90 × 10¢4, and 5.25 × 10¢4, respectively. For the scattered circular polarized (SCP) ROA experiment presented here the sample is irradiated by unpolarized light. Although the magnitudes ...
... (ratios of the ROA and Raman signals, CID = (IR¢IL)/(IR + IL)) for Cl2, Br2 and I2 are measured as 1.13 × 10¢4, 3.90 × 10¢4, and 5.25 × 10¢4, respectively. For the scattered circular polarized (SCP) ROA experiment presented here the sample is irradiated by unpolarized light. Although the magnitudes ...
Rotational spectroscopy
Rotational spectroscopy is concerned with the measurement of the energies of transitions between quantized rotational states of molecules in the gas phase. The spectra of polar molecules can be measured in absorption or emission by microwave spectroscopy or by far infrared spectroscopy. The rotational spectra of non-polar molecules cannot be observed by those methods, but can be observed and measured by Raman spectroscopy. Rotational spectroscopy is sometimes referred to as pure rotational spectroscopy to distinguish it from rotational-vibrational spectroscopy where changes in rotational energy occur together with changes in vibrational energy, and also from ro-vibronic spectroscopy (or just vibronic spectroscopy) where rotational, vibrational and electronic energy changes occur simultaneously.For rotational spectroscopy, molecules are classified according to symmetry into spherical top, linear and symmetric top; analytical expressions can be derived for the rotational energy terms of these molecules. Analytical expressions can be derived for the fourth category, asymmetric top, for rotational levels up to J=3, but higher energy levels need to be determined using numerical methods. The rotational energies are derived theoretically by considering the molecules to be rigid rotors and then applying extra terms to account for centrifugal distortion, fine structure, hyperfine structure and Coriolis coupling. Fitting the spectra to the theoretical expressions gives numerical values of the angular moments of inertia from which very precise values of molecular bond lengths and angles can be derived in favorable cases. In the presence of an electrostatic field there is Stark splitting which allows molecular electric dipole moments to be determined.An important application of rotational spectroscopy is in exploration of the chemical composition of the interstellar medium using radio telescopes.