The end of classical physics: photons, electrons, atoms
... The end of classical physics: photons, electrons, atoms PHYS117B ...
... The end of classical physics: photons, electrons, atoms PHYS117B ...
Solid State Physics II
... In the following we will not consider such processes and will only consider the behaviour of an electron within a particular band. The wavefunctions are eigenfunctions of the lattice potential. The lattice potential does not lead to scattering but does determine the dynamics. Scattering due to defec ...
... In the following we will not consider such processes and will only consider the behaviour of an electron within a particular band. The wavefunctions are eigenfunctions of the lattice potential. The lattice potential does not lead to scattering but does determine the dynamics. Scattering due to defec ...
Concepts of condensed matter physics Spring 2014 Exercise #5
... Concepts of condensed matter physics Spring 2014 Exercise #5 (due date: 4/07/2014) ...
... Concepts of condensed matter physics Spring 2014 Exercise #5 (due date: 4/07/2014) ...
A Fresh View for Maxwell`s Equations and Electromagnetic Wave
... The above approach clearly indicates that when the electric field (or magnetic field) is maximum, the free Hamiltonian is zero and hence the rate of particles creation is zero. Meanwhile, when the intensity of the electric field starts decreasing, the operators start creating particles. From the poi ...
... The above approach clearly indicates that when the electric field (or magnetic field) is maximum, the free Hamiltonian is zero and hence the rate of particles creation is zero. Meanwhile, when the intensity of the electric field starts decreasing, the operators start creating particles. From the poi ...
N *
... is expected to be strongly nonlinear, as it was indeed observed in Ref. 10, although authors there have interpreted this nonlinearity as resulting from sample heating. A similar N = 0 insulating regime in a lower mobility sample was recently reported in Ref. 15. Probably the most surprising and intr ...
... is expected to be strongly nonlinear, as it was indeed observed in Ref. 10, although authors there have interpreted this nonlinearity as resulting from sample heating. A similar N = 0 insulating regime in a lower mobility sample was recently reported in Ref. 15. Probably the most surprising and intr ...
New Approaches in Deep Laser Cooling of Magnesium Atoms for
... laser cooling, it is used everywhere in a MOT (in 3D case, of course, one have three pairs of σ+ and σ– waves). In this section we neglect the influence of a static magnetic field on the kinetics of atoms assuming the field to be sufficiently small at the scale of a cloud in the trap. This influence ...
... laser cooling, it is used everywhere in a MOT (in 3D case, of course, one have three pairs of σ+ and σ– waves). In this section we neglect the influence of a static magnetic field on the kinetics of atoms assuming the field to be sufficiently small at the scale of a cloud in the trap. This influence ...
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... Certain elements in a monatomic or diatomic configuration can form a stable structure where all of their electrons are Cooper-paired, and so are not available as "valence" electrons (more on this later). Elements in this configuration are superconductors at room temperature and exhibit other quantum ...
... Certain elements in a monatomic or diatomic configuration can form a stable structure where all of their electrons are Cooper-paired, and so are not available as "valence" electrons (more on this later). Elements in this configuration are superconductors at room temperature and exhibit other quantum ...
Angular momenta dynamics in magnetic and electric
... momentum are often easier to solve. This makes it possible to treat a whole class of problems, which, from a quantum theory viewpoint, are extremely complicated. For example, one such problem is the interaction of intense laser radiation with molecules in an external electric or magnetic field; see, ...
... momentum are often easier to solve. This makes it possible to treat a whole class of problems, which, from a quantum theory viewpoint, are extremely complicated. For example, one such problem is the interaction of intense laser radiation with molecules in an external electric or magnetic field; see, ...
Quantum Hall effect in three-dimensional layered systems Yigal Meir
... In the present case, in the same strong magnetic-field limit, it is the total energy—the potential energy plus the spin energy ~due to the random field!—that is conserved. Thus, as the electron rotates its spin along the trajectory, it exchanges energy between the potential energy and the spin energ ...
... In the present case, in the same strong magnetic-field limit, it is the total energy—the potential energy plus the spin energy ~due to the random field!—that is conserved. Thus, as the electron rotates its spin along the trajectory, it exchanges energy between the potential energy and the spin energ ...
Ferromagnetism
Not to be confused with Ferrimagnetism; for an overview see Magnetism.Ferromagnetism is the basic mechanism by which certain materials (such as iron) form permanent magnets, or are attracted to magnets. In physics, several different types of magnetism are distinguished. Ferromagnetism (including ferrimagnetism) is the strongest type: it is the only one that typically creates forces strong enough to be felt, and is responsible for the common phenomena of magnetism in magnets encountered in everyday life. Substances respond weakly to magnetic fields with three other types of magnetism, paramagnetism, diamagnetism, and antiferromagnetism, but the forces are usually so weak that they can only be detected by sensitive instruments in a laboratory. An everyday example of ferromagnetism is a refrigerator magnet used to hold notes on a refrigerator door. The attraction between a magnet and ferromagnetic material is ""the quality of magnetism first apparent to the ancient world, and to us today"".Permanent magnets (materials that can be magnetized by an external magnetic field and remain magnetized after the external field is removed) are either ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic, as are other materials that are noticeably attracted to them. Only a few substances are ferromagnetic. The common ones are iron, nickel, cobalt and most of their alloys, some compounds of rare earth metals, and a few naturally-occurring minerals such as lodestone.Ferromagnetism is very important in industry and modern technology, and is the basis for many electrical and electromechanical devices such as electromagnets, electric motors, generators, transformers, and magnetic storage such as tape recorders, and hard disks.