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... who followed Jain Mahavira’s teaching to pursue agriculture, because it caused destruction of life. So they turned to trade to avoid such conflict. Today it is mostly the business community who follow Jain teaching. Yet, no one can really succeed in business, as a true Jain or a true Buddhist, becau ...
Phil-330-Test 2
Phil-330-Test 2

... gratitude, not desire, this happens only if they’re not reborn by karma) b. Tan ‘Luan preached “all beings” can attain the Pure Land—even sinners c. The “difficult” vs the “easy” (Amitabha) path (in Pure Land, you’re given everything you need to finish your study) d. “self-power” vs “other-power” ne ...
A Brief History of Buddhism in Tibet
A Brief History of Buddhism in Tibet

1 THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION: MAKTAB, MADRASA
1 THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION: MAKTAB, MADRASA

... skilled in the art of cookery and was well acquainted with the varieties of garden flowers and the means of extracting various perfumes from them. As may be seen from this incomplete list, the range of knowledge dispensed in the dabı̄ristāns was fairly wide. Their curriculum under Islam in the nint ...
The Flower of Chinese Buddhism
The Flower of Chinese Buddhism

... In The Living Buddha, I discussed the life of Shakyamuni, the founder of the Buddhist religion, and in the sequel, Buddhism, the First Millennium, I outlined the history of that religion as it developed in India during the first thousand years following Shakyamuni’s death. In this, the third volume ...
ARONSON, HARVEY B. (2004). Buddhist practice on Western ground
ARONSON, HARVEY B. (2004). Buddhist practice on Western ground

Hosei University Lecture Series for Daiwa Scholars
Hosei University Lecture Series for Daiwa Scholars

Aspects of Esoteric Southern Buddhism
Aspects of Esoteric Southern Buddhism

... heading have clearly been endemic in Buddhist history. For this reason, writing in I984, I preferred to speak of three important trends, variously combined with traditionalism: modernism, reformism and ultimatism. By modernism I meant to indicate both institutional change to accommodate new social a ...
Conference abstracts – PDF
Conference abstracts – PDF

... work in the city’s Tibetan quarter in order to be close to the Tibetans, their spirituality, or the businesses that are connected with them – so I have learned during my numerous visits there. This paper is based upon research using the Tibetan quarter as a laboratory with the aim to understand how ...
A Buddhist Perspective on Homelessness
A Buddhist Perspective on Homelessness

... him  only  temporarily  and,  therefore,  he  must  not  use  it  selfishly  or  for  unworthy   purposes"  (The  Teaching  of  Buddha).  In  the  Buddhist  teachings,  offering  shelter  is   among  the  seven  kinds  of  offering  tha ...
Chinese Buddhist Religious Disputation
Chinese Buddhist Religious Disputation

... large, public vivāda between proponents of different schools or sects, the winners would not only augment their reputations, they might be rewarded substantially. The rulers who patronized such debates frequently rewarded the winning sect or monastery generously and withdrew support from the loser. ...
Cultivation of wisdom in the Theravada Buddhist tradition
Cultivation of wisdom in the Theravada Buddhist tradition

... scholarly discussion and recitation of Canonical teachings (Warder, 2001). It is widely held that Magadhan, the language most likely spoken by the Buddha, was a Pali vernacular. Pali does not have an exclusive script (largely because of its oral origins) but has been transliterated in scripts that a ...
INTRODUCTION - Religion 21 Home
INTRODUCTION - Religion 21 Home

... he or she is bound to this seemingly endless cycle of birth and rebirth (samsara), it becomes obvious that it is selfish desire which ties us to the wheel of samsara. Once ignorance and selfish desire are removed, enlightenment will be gained. By following the ‘Middle Way’ Siddhartha gained the inne ...
Voice of Buddha CD Booklet
Voice of Buddha CD Booklet

... tells us, what he often taught is what we now know in English as the Noble Eightfold Path. From that time onwards, wherever Buddhism took root – in India, Sri Lanka, China, Japan, Tibet or the countries of South East Asia – the Noble Eightfold Path continued to be taught and practised. The Eightfold ...
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DAOIST CHONGXUAN (TWOFOLD MYSTERY) THOUGHT AND

... BUDDHIST MADHYAMIKA IN THE EARLY TANG (618-720) The different interactions between Buddhism and Daoism have occurred since Buddhism entered China in the 1st century. Buddhism, as an Indian religion, first developed under the guise of Daoism because Buddhism, as a foreign teaching, easily reached Chi ...
Prince Asoka
Prince Asoka

... Buddhism initially only existed in small pockets throughout some parts of India, but various aspects of Asoka's life and actions significantly influenced the spread of Buddhism. These aspects varied from Asoka's teachings, works, his life as a role model and his effect on society. Asoka was initiall ...
If Intention Is Karma: A New Approach to
If Intention Is Karma: A New Approach to

... may be tempted to answer that it depends on particular circumstances. However, such an answer is only one step away from moral relativism— according to which every action is right in its proper context—which I believe cannot be attributed to Buddhism, or for that matter, to any religion. If Buddhist ...
the Role of Cataphatic, Apophatic and Aesthetic
the Role of Cataphatic, Apophatic and Aesthetic

... to feel, thus as linked to the senses, the sensory and perceptual realm. ...
Buddhism, euthanasia and the sanctity of life
Buddhism, euthanasia and the sanctity of life

... Secondly, there are many schools of Buddhism and no central authority on matters of precept or practice. The Keowns do not see a problem with this second issue. This is because they claim that there is "a consensus on ethics among the main schools" and that for the purposes of their article it is pe ...
Charles S. Prebish and Kenneth K. Tanaka, eds. The Faces... America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998, viii + 370...
Charles S. Prebish and Kenneth K. Tanaka, eds. The Faces... America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998, viii + 370...

... with GrossÕ entire argument. In fact I think she is deeply mistaken and strikingly without evidence in her contrast of therapy and practice. Yet even in disagreement there is pleasure in watching her mind work and in admiring the consistency of her thought and her action. Gross ringingly calls for i ...
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1 Contemporary Buddhism in . . . California In this

... Firstly I have to say, the title of this topic is too broad, because the characteristics of China after culture revolution are too complex, historically speaking, geographically, and also there is the isolated tendency of the Chinese sangha and a lack of a reliable record. Therefore, I would like to ...
Padmasambhava - Triratna Centre Support
Padmasambhava - Triratna Centre Support

... King’s palaces was struck by lightening; another was swept away by a flood. The harvest was badly damaged, and there was a great epidemic. So terrible was the reaction from the gods that Shantarakshita had to leave Tibet. But before he left, he advised him to invite Padmasambhava, who would be able ...
The Buddhist Tradition
The Buddhist Tradition

... Buddhism in central Asia (mainly Tibet). Each major branch includes various sub-branches and groups; for instance, Chan Buddhism in China (known as Zen Buddhism in Japan) and the Dalai Lama’s Gelugpa lineage in Tibetan Vajrayana Buddhism. A voluminous body of scriptures developed among these Buddhis ...
Buddhist Ethics of Pañcasīla or Pansil
Buddhist Ethics of Pañcasīla or Pansil

... majja-pamāda-ṭṭhānā veramaṇī]. These virtues which are delivered and placed before the world in their unmistakably specific form by Buddhism over twenty-five centuries ago can be taken out of their Buddhist context without any injury or injustice, and they can be delivered anywhere else, embodying a ...
Religion and Thought in China`s Golden Age
Religion and Thought in China`s Golden Age

... provoke students’ awareness by asking puzzling riddles. One famous riddle is, “What is the sound of one hand clapping?” Chan later became popular in Japan, where it is known as Zen Buddhism. 276 Chapter 10 China’s Golden Age ...
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Early Buddhist schools

The early Buddhist schools are those schools into which the Buddhist monastic saṅgha initially split, due originally to differences in vinaya and later also due to doctrinal differences and geographical separation of groups of monks.The original saṅgha split into the first early schools (generally believed to be the Sthavira nikāya and the Mahāsāṃghika) a significant number of years after the death of Gautama Buddha. According to scholar Collett Cox ""most scholars would agree that even though the roots of the earliest recognized groups predate Aśoka, their actual separation did not occur until after his death."" Later, these first early schools split into further divisions such as the Sarvāstivādins and the Dharmaguptakas, and ended up numbering, traditionally, about 18 or 20 schools. In fact, there are several overlapping lists of 18 schools preserved in the Buddhist tradition, totaling about twice as many, though some may be alternative names. It is thought likely that the number is merely conventional.
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